{"id":1159,"date":"2025-10-08T12:34:54","date_gmt":"2025-10-08T05:34:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/bang-cau-hoi-5-buoc-chon-dung-inox-201-304-316-cho-du-an-cua-ban\/"},"modified":"2025-10-08T12:34:54","modified_gmt":"2025-10-08T05:34:54","slug":"bang-cau-hoi-5-buoc-chon-dung-inox-201-304-316-cho-du-an-cua-ban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/bang-cau-hoi-5-buoc-chon-dung-inox-201-304-316-cho-du-an-cua-ban\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea3ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang inox 201\/304\/316 cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-cach-su-dung-bang-cau-hoi-5-buoc\">C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-buoc-1-moi-truong-lam-viec-quyet-dinh-kha-nang-cho\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 1 \u2014 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-buoc-2-co-tinh-va-kha-nang-gia-cong\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 2 \u2014 C\u01a1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-buoc-3-be-mat-tham-my-va-ve-sinh\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 3 \u2014 B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-buoc-4-ngan-sach-va-chi-phi-vong-doi-tco\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 4 \u2014 Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (TCO)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-buoc-5-quy-cach-tieu-chuan-nguon-cung-va-kiem-dinh\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 5 \u2014 Quy c\u00e1ch, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, ngu\u1ed3n cung v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-bang-goi-y-nhanh-theo-cau-tra-loi\">B\u1ea3ng g\u1ee3i \u00fd nhanh theo c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-3-sai-lam-pho-bien-khi-chon-inox\">3 sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ecdn inox<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-mau-phieu-5-buoc-ban-co-the-copy-de-gui-nha-cung-c\">M\u1eabu phi\u1ebfu 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc (b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 copy \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-case-study-ngan\">Case study ng\u1eafn<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c inox ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00fap c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1ea3ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i inox c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng (201\/304\/316\/430\/310S\/2205\u2026), \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u, ch\u1ee7 x\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ea3nh gh\u00e9p\u201d quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ee9c tranh l\u1edbn: l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn inox theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ngay.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-cach-su-dung-bang-cau-hoi-5-buoc\">C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; M\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ed3m: c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u2192 g\u1ee3i \u00fd ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c inox \u2192 l\u01b0u \u00fd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn. Sau b\u01b0\u1edbc 5, \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu \u201cB\u1ea3ng g\u1ee3i \u00fd nhanh\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7: m\u00e1c inox + d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m + b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t + \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y + ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n + y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gia c\u00f4ng\/x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-buoc-1-moi-truong-lam-viec-quyet-dinh-kha-nang-cho\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 1 \u2014 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Trong nh\u00e0 hay ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi? Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n (<5 km, 5\u201320 km, >20 km)?<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a, phun s\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1i, clo (h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i), SO2\/NOx (kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i), b\u1ee5i s\u1eaft c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p?<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00f3 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o? N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 Cl-, pH, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 dung d\u1ecbch?<br \/>\n&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i (\u00b0C)? Nhi\u1ec7t theo chu k\u1ef3 hay li\u00ean t\u1ee5c?<br \/>\n&#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec7 sinh\/ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, d\u01b0\u1ee3c, y t\u1ebf?<\/p>\n<h3>G\u1ee3i \u00fd ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c inox theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4, trong nh\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t: 201, 430, 304 (n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n b\u1ec1n \u0103n m\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3n >20 km): 304\/304L. Ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u00e1m b\u1ee5i, m\u01b0a axit nh\u1eb9.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ven bi\u1ec3n, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua (c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3n <5\u201310 km), khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9: 316\/316L. V\u1edbi phun s\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 Cl- cao: c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc 2205 (duplex).\n- H\u1ed3 b\u01a1i, khu spa, t\u00e1n m\u00e1i trong nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u01a1i clo: 316L t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u; c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n treo\/n\u1ed1i ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t: 2205 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t SCC.\n- Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng, d\u01b0\u1ee3c: 304\/304L; m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eb7n\/axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1: 316\/316L.\n- Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao: 321\/347 cho 600\u2013850\u00b0C (\u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh titan\/niobi); 309S\/310S cho 900\u20131050\u00b0C (l\u00f2, \u1ed1ng gia nhi\u1ec7t).\n- H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng, clorua \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c, axit m\u1ea1nh: 904L, 2205\/2507 ho\u1eb7c si\u00eau austenitic; c\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t.\n\nL\u01b0u \u00fd: Ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng b\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1c inox k\u00e9m \u0103n m\u00f2n. PREN (ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 pitting) \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh: 304 ~19\u201320; 316 ~24\u201326; 2205 ~33\u201336; 904L ~34\u201336.\n\n\n\n<h3>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Lan can ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3n >120 km): 304\/304L b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t HL\/No.4, v\u1ec7 sinh 2\u20134 l\u1ea7n\/n\u0103m.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p \u1edf H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng\/Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh (g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n, s\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1i): 316\/316L, \u01b0u ti\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ecbn 2B\/BA ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u01b0u c\u1eb7n mu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-buoc-2-co-tinh-va-kha-nang-gia-cong\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 2 \u2014 C\u01a1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c\/va \u0111\u1eadp\/m\u00e0i m\u00f2n hay ch\u1ec9 trang tr\u00ed? C\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao kh\u00f4ng?<br \/>\n&#8211; Quy tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng: h\u00e0n MIG\/TIG\/que; u\u1ed1n, d\u1eadp s\u00e2u, k\u00e9o vu\u1ed1t, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng?<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng EMI)?<br \/>\n&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t sau h\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9? C\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5p \u201cL\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m?<\/p>\n<h3>G\u1ee3i \u00fd theo gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 t\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1eadp s\u00e2u, k\u00e9o vu\u1ed1t (ch\u1eadu r\u1eeda, b\u1ed3n): 304\/304DDQ; 201 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0ng nguy c\u01a1 r\u1ea1n n\u1ee9t cao h\u01a1n, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 k\u00e9m h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n nhi\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng \u1ee7 sau h\u00e0n: d\u00f9ng 304L\/316L \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a Cr-carbide (nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m) \u1edf 500\u2013800\u00b0C.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n\/\u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng (dao, tr\u1ee5c): 410\/420 (martensitic), ch\u00fa \u00fd h\u00e0n kh\u00f3, d\u1ec5 gi\u00f2n.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh: 304\/316 l\u00e0 austenitic (g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1eb9 sau bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng ngu\u1ed9i). 430 l\u00e0 ferritic (h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t cao: 321\/347 (\u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng Ti\/Nb) ho\u1eb7c 310S.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-buoc-3-be-mat-tham-my-va-ve-sinh\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 3 \u2014 B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng\/th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9: HL\/No.4, BA, g\u01b0\u01a1ng 8K, bead blast?<br \/>\n&#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec7 sinh (th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m\/d\u01b0\u1ee3c): \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Ra m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau? D\u1ec5 v\u1ec7 sinh kh\u00f4ng?<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n\/b\u1ee5i s\u1eaft? C\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3?<\/p>\n<h3>G\u1ee3i \u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\/thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb: No.1 (c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng) cho t\u1ea5m d\u00e0y; 2B cho t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng, d\u1ec5 v\u1ec7 sinh; BA (bright annealed) b\u00f3ng m\u1ecbn, \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho d\u01b0\u1ee3c\/\u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<br \/>\n&#8211; Trang tr\u00ed: HL\/No.4 (x\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecbn), 8K (g\u01b0\u01a1ng). Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ven bi\u1ec3n n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ecbn (2B\/BA) ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u00e1m mu\u1ed1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; Y t\u1ebf\/TP: y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Ra \u2264 0.8 \u00b5m (ho\u1eb7c theo URS), x\u1eed l\u00fd pickling &#038; passivation sau h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-buoc-4-ngan-sach-va-chi-phi-vong-doi-tco\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 4 \u2014 Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (TCO)<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng (n\u0103m), chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u1ebfu thay th\u1ebf?<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro g\u1ec9 s\u00e9t, \u1ed1 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t?<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u\/thu h\u1ed3i v\u1eadt t\u01b0?<\/p>\n<h3>G\u1ee3i \u00fd t\u1ed1i \u01b0u TCO<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Trong nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4: 430 ho\u1eb7c 201 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. Tuy nhi\u00ean 430 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n 201 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 clorua, \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i gia c\u00f4ng k\u00e9m d\u1ebbo h\u01a1n 201.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb: 304 th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n 316 ~15\u201330% (bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo Ni\/Mo). 316 \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ec1n n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 Cl- ho\u1eb7c SO2; chi ph\u00ed l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch\/kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u1ed1 g\u1ec9 th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u01b0\u1ee3t ph\u1ea7n ch\u00eanh ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ven bi\u1ec3n: ch\u1ecdn 316 ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00fap tr\u00e1nh thay th\u1ebf s\u1edbm (payback 1\u20132 n\u0103m n\u1ebfu t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec\/uy t\u00edn).<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m\/d\u01b0\u1ee3c: h\u1ecfng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t = r\u1ee7i ro an to\u00e0n; \u01b0u ti\u00ean 304\/316L c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, x\u1eed l\u00fd passivation.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-buoc-5-quy-cach-tieu-chuan-nguon-cung-va-kiem-dinh\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 5 \u2014 Quy c\u00e1ch, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, ngu\u1ed3n cung v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ea1ng v\u1eadt t\u01b0: t\u1ea5m, cu\u1ed9n, \u1ed1ng h\u00e0n\/\u0111\u00fac, h\u1ed9p, thanh, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n, l\u01b0\u1edbi?<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc\/\u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y: v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1ea5m 1219\u00d72438, 1250\u00d72500, 1500\u00d76000; d\u00e0y 0.5\u201350 mm; \u1ed1ng h\u1ed9p theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n: ASTM A240 (t\u1ea5m), A312 (\u1ed1ng), A554 (\u1ed1ng trang tr\u00ed), JIS (SUS304), EN (1.4301\/1.4404).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9: CO\/CQ, Mill Test Certificate (MTC), PMI t\u1ea1i kho\/x\u01b0\u1edfng?<br \/>\n&#8211; Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c: EU\/JP\/KR\/TW\/IN\/VN; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, leadtime t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<h3>L\u01b0u \u00fd th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Test nam ch\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh 304 vs 201; 304 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb sau gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u PMI\/XRF ho\u1eb7c test h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nhanh.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ed3i \u201cph\u1ee7 b\u00f3ng\u201d gi\u1ea3 inox. L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 s\u1ebd bong, g\u00e2y g\u1ec9 loang.<br \/>\n&#8211; Sau h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i pickling &#038; passivation; v\u1ebft ch\u00e1y xanh v\u00e0ng l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng d\u1ec5 g\u1ec9 nh\u1ea5t n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-bang-goi-y-nhanh-theo-cau-tra-loi\">B\u1ea3ng g\u1ee3i \u00fd nhanh theo c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Trong nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4, trang tr\u00ed: 430 (HL\/No.4) ho\u1eb7c 201 (HN: d\u00f9ng cho n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, tr\u00e1nh khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea9m\/\u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i).<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m: 304\/304L (2B\/BA). M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eb7n: 316L.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i): 304\/304L (HL\/No.4 ho\u1eb7c 2B + s\u01a1n trong su\u1ed1t chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n). V\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ven bi\u1ec3n, c\u1ea3ng, \u0111\u1ea3o: 316\/316L; vit k\u1eb9p\/neo ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t: 2205.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ed3 b\u01a1i\/SPA: 316L; k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u00e1i treo: 2205.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 (axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1, phosphat): 316L; h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng\/clorua cao: 904L\/2205 (t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n th\u00eam).<br \/>\n&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t cao 900\u20131050\u00b0C: 310S; 600\u2013850\u00b0C li\u00ean t\u1ee5c: 321\/347.<br \/>\n&#8211; Dao, tr\u1ee5c ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n: 410\/420 (x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t), c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-3-sai-lam-pho-bien-khi-chon-inox\">3 sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ecdn inox<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; D\u00f9ng 201 cho ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n: nhanh \u1ed1 g\u1ec9, ph\u1ea3i thay s\u1edbm.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y thay v\u00ec n\u00e2ng m\u00e1c: kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n pitting\/scc khi c\u00f3 Cl-.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tin v\u00e0o test nam ch\u00e2m: d\u1ec5 mua nh\u1ea7m 201\/430 thay cho 304.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-mau-phieu-5-buoc-ban-co-the-copy-de-gui-nha-cung-c\">M\u1eabu phi\u1ebfu 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc (b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 copy \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 1) M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: trong\/ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi; c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3n: \u2026 km; Cl- \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh: \u2026; h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t: \u2026; nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9: \u2026<br \/>\n&#8211; 2) C\u00f4ng n\u0103ng: ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c\/kh\u00f4ng; m\u00e0i m\u00f2n: th\u1ea5p\/v\u1eeba\/cao; gia c\u00f4ng: h\u00e0n\/u\u1ed1n\/d\u1eadp s\u00e2u; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh: c\u00f3\/kh\u00f4ng<br \/>\n&#8211; 3) B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: 2B\/BA\/No.4\/HL\/8K; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Ra: \u2026 \u00b5m; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec7 sinh: c\u00f3\/kh\u00f4ng<br \/>\n&#8211; 4) Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch &#038; tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau: \u2026 n\u0103m; \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1ea5p\/TCO th\u1ea5p<br \/>\n&#8211; 5) Quy c\u00e1ch &#038; ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n: d\u1ea1ng (t\u1ea5m\/\u1ed1ng\/h\u1ed9p\/thanh); k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc: \u2026; ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n: ASTM\/JIS\/EN; ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9: CO\/CQ\/MTC; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u PMI: c\u00f3\/kh\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-case-study-ngan\">Case study ng\u1eafn<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Lan can chung c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i: Ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc 201 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m. B\u1ea3ng 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc cho th\u1ea5y: ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd >10 n\u0103m, v\u1ec7 sinh 2 l\u1ea7n\/n\u0103m \u2192 ch\u1ecdn 304 HL. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3: b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng \u1ed1 trong 5 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u, chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec th\u1ea5p.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u bi\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng: M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng mu\u1ed1i, phun s\u01b0\u01a1ng; chi ti\u1ebft treo ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u2192 2205 thay v\u00ec 316L. Sau 3 n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng ghi nh\u1eadn n\u1ee9t SCC, chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 316L + thay th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang inox l\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang 5 nh\u00f3m c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh\u2013gia c\u00f4ng, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch (TCO) v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u2013ngu\u1ed3n cung. Theo \u0111\u00f3:<br \/>\n&#8211; 304\/304L l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u201cchu\u1ea9n\u201d cho \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316\/316L l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9, h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; 430\/201 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, tr\u00e1nh \u1ea9m\/clorua.<br \/>\n&#8211; 321\/310S cho nhi\u1ec7t cao; 410\/420 cho m\u00e0i m\u00f2n; 2205\/904L cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e3y d\u00f9ng m\u1eabu phi\u1ebfu 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1t m\u00e1c inox, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 quy c\u00e1ch. K\u00e8m theo PMI\/MTC v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd passivation sau h\u00e0n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1eabn chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u1ea3ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang inox. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1t 201\/304\/316\/430\/310\/2205 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1026,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1159","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1159"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1159\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1026"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}