{"id":1162,"date":"2025-10-09T12:35:26","date_gmt":"2025-10-09T05:35:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-nhom-so-sanh-trong-luong-do-cung-va-chong-oxy-hoa\/"},"modified":"2025-10-09T12:35:26","modified_gmt":"2025-10-09T05:35:26","slug":"inox-va-nhom-so-sanh-trong-luong-do-cung-va-chong-oxy-hoa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-nhom-so-sanh-trong-luong-do-cung-va-chong-oxy-hoa\/","title":{"rendered":"Inox v\u00e0 Nh\u00f4m: so s\u00e1nh tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-tom-tat-nhanh-inox-vs-nhom\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft nhanh: Inox vs Nh\u00f4m<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-trong-luong-tac-dong-len-thiet-ke-van-chuyen-va-la\">Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-do-cung-do-ben-va-do-cung-vung-phan-biet-ro-de-cho\">\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng: ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-kha-nang-chong-oxy-hoa-va-an-mon\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-gia-cong-han-hoan-thien-be-mat\">Gia c\u00f4ng, h\u00e0n, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-tieu-chuan-va-mac-thong-dung\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 m\u00e1c th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-bai-toan-thiet-ke-chon-inox-hay-nhom\">B\u00e0i to\u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: ch\u1ecdn Inox hay Nh\u00f4m?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-ung-dung-dien-hinh-va-goi-y-mac\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i \u00fd m\u00e1c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-vi-du-so-sanh-cho-ky-su-thiet-ke\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 so s\u00e1nh cho k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-chi-phi-so-huu-tron-vong-doi\">Chi ph\u00ed s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u1ecdn v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-luu-y-ky-thuat-quan-trong-khi-lap-ghep-inox-nhom\">L\u01b0u \u00fd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng khi l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p Inox \u2013 Nh\u00f4m<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-11-ket-luan-chon-vat-lieu-theo-uu-tien-ky-thuat-cua-b\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u theo \u01b0u ti\u00ean k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Trong b\u1ee9c tranh t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh kim lo\u1ea1i, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i Inox v\u00e0 Nh\u00f4m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean b\u00e0n c\u00e2n khi c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u nh\u1eb9 nh\u01b0ng b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o 3 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u, ch\u1ee7 x\u01b0\u1edfng quan t\u00e2m nh\u1ea5t: tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng\/\u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a\/\u0103n m\u00f2n \u2013 k\u00e8m s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u00ednh nhanh v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-tom-tat-nhanh-inox-vs-nhom\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft nhanh: Inox vs Nh\u00f4m<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Nh\u00f4m ~2.70 g\/cm3, Inox ~7.9\u20138.0 g\/cm3 \u2192 Nh\u00f4m nh\u1eb9 kho\u1ea3ng 1\/3 Inox.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng (stiffness): Inox c\u00f3 m\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ~193 GPa, Nh\u00f4m ~69 GPa \u2192 Inox c\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng g\u1ea5p ~2.8 l\u1ea7n \u1edf c\u00f9ng ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng\/\u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n (hardness\/strength): Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c m\u00e1c v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t luy\u1ec7n. 6061-T6 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n Inox 304 \u1ee7 m\u1ec1m, nh\u01b0ng Inox c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u1ee9ng do bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u1ed1t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a\/\u0103n m\u00f2n: C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng oxit b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua (g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n, b\u1eafn t\u00f3e mu\u1ed1i), Inox 316 tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n 304 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n Nh\u00f4m ch\u01b0a anod. Nh\u00f4m c\u1ea7n anod\/ ph\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7\/pitting.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-trong-luong-tac-dong-len-thiet-ke-van-chuyen-va-la\">Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t<\/h2>\n<h3>M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Inox austenit (304\/304L\/316\/316L): 7.9\u20138.0 g\/cm3<br \/>\n&#8211; Nh\u00f4m (5052\/6061\/6063): ~2.70 g\/cm3<\/p>\n<p>\u00dd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf:<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ebft: Nh\u00f4m gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho m\u00f3ng, khung, b\u1ea3n l\u1ec1, c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u n\u00e2ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n\/l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng: C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng Nh\u00f4m d\u1ec5 thao t\u00e1c h\u01a1n, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng\/thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e2ng.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u00ednh nhanh tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea5m 1 m2 d\u00e0y 1.0 mm:<br \/>\n  + Inox: 8.0 kg<br \/>\n  + Nh\u00f4m: 2.7 kg<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ea5m 1 m2 d\u00e0y 2.0 mm:<br \/>\n  + Inox: 16.0 kg<br \/>\n  + Nh\u00f4m: 5.4 kg<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng tr\u00f2n \u00d838.1 x 1.5 mm (\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh A \u2248 \u03c0\u00b7D\u00b7t = 179.6 mm2):<br \/>\n  + Inox: 1.44 kg\/m<br \/>\n  + Nh\u00f4m: 0.49 kg\/m<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ed9p 40 x 40 x 1.2 mm (A \u2248 186 mm2):<br \/>\n  + Inox: ~1.49 kg\/m<br \/>\n  + Nh\u00f4m: ~0.50 kg\/m<\/p>\n<h3>B\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng t\u0103ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng u\u1ed1n EI, v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng b\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y Nh\u00f4m c\u1ea7n \u2248 1.41\u00d7 Inox (v\u00ec (E_inox\/E_nhom)^(1\/3) \u2248 (193\/69)^(1\/3) \u2248 1.41).<br \/>\nD\u00f9 t\u0103ng d\u00e0y, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nh\u00f4m v\u1eabn th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n: \u03c1_nhom\/\u03c1_inox \u00d7 1.41 \u2248 2.7\/8.0 \u00d7 1.41 \u2248 0.48 \u2192 Nh\u00f4m v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 ~48% tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Inox \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-do-cung-do-ben-va-do-cung-vung-phan-biet-ro-de-cho\">\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng: ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang<\/h2>\n<h3>M\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i (stiffness)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Inox austenit: ~193\u2013200 GPa<br \/>\n&#8211; Nh\u00f4m: ~69\u201371 GPa<br \/>\nK\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: V\u1edbi c\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u Inox bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u00edt h\u01a1n g\u1ea7n 3 l\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y (t\u00f9y m\u00e1c v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Inox 304 (annealed 2B): Rp0.2 ~215 MPa; Rm ~505\u2013620 MPa<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 316 (annealed): Rp0.2 ~205 MPa; Rm ~515\u2013620 MPa<br \/>\n&#8211; Nh\u00f4m 6061-T6: Rp0.2 ~240 MPa; Rm ~290 MPa<br \/>\n&#8211; Nh\u00f4m 5052-H32: Rp0.2 ~193 MPa; Rm ~228 MPa<\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd:<br \/>\n&#8211; 6061-T6 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n 304 annealed; nh\u01b0ng Inox c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o t\u1ed1i \u0111a cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox work-hardening m\u1ea1nh (gia c\u00f4ng, c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng Rp0.2 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nh\u00f4m nh\u00f3m 5xxx\/6xxx trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng (H\/T) cho t\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 b\u1ec1n\/tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (hardness)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Inox 304\/316 (annealed): ~70\u201390 HB; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean ~150\u2013200 HB khi bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nh\u00f4m 6061-T6: ~95 HB; 5052-H32: ~60\u201370 HB.<br \/>\n\u00dd ngh\u0129a: 6061-T6 c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n 304 \u1ee7 m\u1ec1m v\u1ec1 Brinell; tuy nhi\u00ean Inox th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed1ng x\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ma s\u00e1t\/va \u0111\u1eadp nh\u1edd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u00e9p c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n khi bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-kha-nang-chong-oxy-hoa-va-an-mon\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Inox: M\u00e0ng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng Cr2O3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh; 316 c\u00f3 Mo t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7\/\u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd h\u1edf.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nh\u00f4m: M\u00e0ng Al2O3 m\u1ecfng, b\u1ec1n; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng anod h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1ea9m, m\u01b0a axit nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb: C\u1ea3 Inox 304 v\u00e0 Nh\u00f4m anod h\u00f3a b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; G\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n\/ n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3\/ x\u1ecbt mu\u1ed1i:<br \/>\n  + 304 d\u1ec5 r\u1ed7\/\u1ed1 n\u00e2u (tea staining) \u2192 \u01b0u ti\u00ean 316\/316L, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ed1t, v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<br \/>\n  + Nh\u00f4m kh\u00f4ng anod ho\u1eb7c anod m\u1ecfng d\u1ec5 r\u1ed7 pitting v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd h\u1edf \u2192 d\u00f9ng anod d\u00e0y (AA20\u201325 \u00b5m), s\u01a1n\/ powder coating v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00e1nh b\u1eaby mu\u1ed1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m\/\u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng: 304\/316 \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec7 sinh, tr\u01a1 v\u1edbi \u0111a s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m; Nh\u00f4m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u00f2a tan trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng axit\/mu\u1ed1i n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng anod.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0102n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a (galvanic)<\/h3>\n<p>Khi Nh\u00f4m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi Inox trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m\/mu\u1ed1i, Nh\u00f4m s\u1ebd hy sinh (anodic). Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb:<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m nh\u1ef1a\/ s\u01a1n\/ b\u0103ng keo c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac; ch\u1ecdn v\u00edt\/buloong ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<h3>Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; PREN (stainless): 304 ~18; 316 ~24 \u2192 316 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 clorua t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kho\u1ea3ng pH: Nh\u00f4m th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t ~pH 4\u20139; Inox duy tr\u00ec th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, tr\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c, axit halogen.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-gia-cong-han-hoan-thien-be-mat\">Gia c\u00f4ng, h\u00e0n, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; H\u00e0n:<br \/>\n  + Inox 304\/316: MIG\/TIG ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn; d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y ER308L\/ER316L, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00f9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec7t; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a sau h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n  + Nh\u00f4m 5xxx\/6xxx: MIG\/TIG v\u1edbi ER4043\/ER5356; c\u1ea7n AC TIG \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 m\u00e0ng oxit; d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao n\u00ean c\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng l\u1edbn, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gia c\u00f4ng c\u1eaft g\u1ecdt: Nh\u00f4m d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao; Inox c\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, dao c\u1ee9ng, d\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u1edbi ngu\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh h\u00f3a b\u1ec1n ngu\u1ed9i.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n:<br \/>\n  + Inox: X\u01b0\u1edbc No.4, BA, g\u01b0\u01a1ng; t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9\u2013th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<br \/>\n  + Nh\u00f4m: Anod h\u00f3a, s\u01a1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n; anod d\u00e0y t\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Dung sai v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t:<br \/>\n  + H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf: Inox 304 ~17.3 \u00b5m\/m\u00b7K; Nh\u00f4m ~23\u201324 \u00b5m\/m\u00b7K \u2192 Nh\u00f4m nh\u1ea1y nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n trong l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p \u0111a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<br \/>\n  + D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t: Inox 304 ~16 W\/m\u00b7K; Nh\u00f4m ~160\u2013200 W\/m\u00b7K \u2192 Nh\u00f4m t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t (v\u1ecf t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t), Inox gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (l\u01b0u \u00fd khi h\u00e0n).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-tieu-chuan-va-mac-thong-dung\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 m\u00e1c th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox:<br \/>\n  + T\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n: ASTM A240 (AISI 304\/304L\/316\/316L; JIS SUS304\/SUS316)<br \/>\n  + \u1ed0ng: ASTM A312 (h\u00e0n\/\u0111\u00fac li\u1ec1n), ASTM A554 (\u1ed1ng trang tr\u00ed)<br \/>\n&#8211; Nh\u00f4m:<br \/>\n  + T\u1ea5m 5052-H32 (ASTM B209): d\u1ec5 h\u00e0n, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n bi\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n  + Thanh\/\u0111\u00f9n 6061-T6 (ASTM B221): \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n  + 6063-T5\/T6: nh\u00f4m \u0111\u00f9n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t anod \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-bai-toan-thiet-ke-chon-inox-hay-nhom\">B\u00e0i to\u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: ch\u1ecdn Inox hay Nh\u00f4m?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u01afu ti\u00ean Inox khi:<br \/>\n  + M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua\/\u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t \u2192 316\/316L cho ven bi\u1ec3n, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n.<br \/>\n  + C\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng cao v\u1edbi ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n m\u1ea3nh (\u0111\u1ee1 rung, v\u00f5ng).<br \/>\n  + Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m\/ d\u01b0\u1ee3c (304\/316), y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec7 sinh CIP\/SIP.<br \/>\n  + Ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t\/ ch\u00e1y, gi\u1eef c\u01a1 t\u00ednh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u01afu ti\u00ean Nh\u00f4m khi:<br \/>\n  + Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t (k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u treo, di \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u n\u00e2ng).<br \/>\n  + C\u1ea7n t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t (v\u1ecf, phi\u1ebfn t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t).<br \/>\n  + K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t anod\/ s\u01a1n nh\u1eb9, thi c\u00f4ng nhanh.<br \/>\n  + Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, chi ph\u00ed ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n cho kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-ung-dung-dien-hinh-va-goi-y-mac\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i \u00fd m\u00e1c<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi n\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f4 (kh\u00f4ng m\u1eb7n):<br \/>\n  + Inox 304 x\u01b0\u1edbc No.4\/BA; Nh\u00f4m 6063 anod\/s\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ven bi\u1ec3n\/ h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n, b\u1eafn t\u00f3e mu\u1ed1i:<br \/>\n  + Inox 316\/316L, m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a; Nh\u00f4m 5052\/6061 v\u1edbi anod d\u00e0y \u226520 \u00b5m + s\u01a1n, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00e1nh k\u1ebd h\u1edf \u0111\u1ecdng mu\u1ed1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; Khung m\u00e1y, b\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c:<br \/>\n  + Inox 304\/316 khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; Nh\u00f4m 6061-T6 khi c\u1ea7n nh\u1eb9, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u0103ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng:<br \/>\n  + B\u1ed3n b\u1ec3\/\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng: Inox 304\/316; ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n nh\u1eb9\/kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp: Nh\u00f4m anod c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng cho v\u1ecf, m\u00e1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00f4.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1eeda, m\u1eb7t d\u1ef1ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac:<br \/>\n  + Nh\u00f4m 6063-T5\/T6 anod\/s\u01a1n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn; v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0103n m\u00f2n cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc Inox 316 cho ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n, tay n\u1eafm, \u1ed1c v\u00edt.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-vi-du-so-sanh-cho-ky-su-thiet-ke\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 so s\u00e1nh cho k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea5m s\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n L\/300, nh\u1ecbp 600 mm:<br \/>\n  + Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n Inox 304 d\u00e0y 2.0 mm \u2192 thay b\u1eb1ng Nh\u00f4m 6061 d\u00e0y \u2248 2.8 mm \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3m ~52%.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng khung thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00d838 x 1.5 mm:<br \/>\n  + Nh\u00f4m gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 (0.49 vs 1.44 kg\/m) nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh u\u1ed1n v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i (h\u00e0n\/\u0111inh t\u00e1n).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ven bi\u1ec3n:<br \/>\n  + N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng Nh\u00f4m, b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c l\u1edbp anod\/s\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi v\u00edt Inox; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, ch\u1ecdn Inox 316 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-chi-phi-so-huu-tron-vong-doi\">Chi ph\u00ed s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u1ecdn v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: \u0110\u01a1n gi\u00e1 theo kg kh\u00e1c nhau theo m\u00e1c\/bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng; t\u00ednh theo m\u00e9t d\u00e0i\/m2 m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang v\u00ec Nh\u00f4m nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o: Nh\u00f4m gia c\u00f4ng nhanh, h\u00e0n c\u1ea7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p; Inox kh\u00f3 gia c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec: Inox 316 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cao h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec th\u1ea5p \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eb7n; Nh\u00f4m c\u1ea7n duy tr\u00ec l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7\/anod v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n r\u1ed7.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-luu-y-ky-thuat-quan-trong-khi-lap-ghep-inox-nhom\">L\u01b0u \u00fd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng khi l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p Inox \u2013 Nh\u00f4m<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a: d\u00f9ng v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m\/ gio\u0103ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, s\u01a1n l\u00f3t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u00e1n b\u0103ng keo butyl \u1edf m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3: lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf k\u1ebd h\u1edf \u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc\/mu\u1ed1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn bul\u00f4ng: n\u1ebfu bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng bul\u00f4ng Inox tr\u00ean chi ti\u1ebft Nh\u00f4m, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Nh\u00f4m quanh l\u1ed7 b\u1eb1ng anod\/ s\u01a1n v\u00e0 keo b\u1ecbt k\u00edn.<br \/>\n&#8211; X\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00e9p c\u1eaft: Nh\u00f4m c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch bavia + ph\u1ee7; Inox n\u00ean th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a sau gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng Cr2O3.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-11-ket-luan-chon-vat-lieu-theo-uu-tien-ky-thuat-cua-b\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u theo \u01b0u ti\u00ean k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; N\u1ebfu \u01b0u ti\u00ean nh\u1eb9, d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t: ch\u1ecdn Nh\u00f4m (6061-T6 cho c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, 5052-H32 cho ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 h\u00e0n d\u1ec5). T\u0103ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y ~1.4\u00d7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng Inox, v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 ~48% tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u1ebfu \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng, v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng clorua m\u1ea1nh: ch\u1ecdn Inox; 304 \u0111\u1ee7 d\u00f9ng trong \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba, 316\/316L cho ven bi\u1ec3n\/n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a nh\u1edd m\u00e0ng oxit; nh\u01b0ng trong mu\u1ed1i\/clorua, 316 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i; Nh\u00f4m c\u1ea7n anod\/ s\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n khi gh\u00e9p v\u1edbi Inox.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i: Nh\u00f4m th\u1eafng v\u1ec1 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o; Inox th\u1eafng v\u1ec1 c\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng, b\u1ec1n \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng\/\u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. Khi c\u00f2n b\u0103n kho\u0103n gi\u1eefa 304\/316 v\u00e0 5052\/6061, h\u00e3y l\u1ea5y b\u00e0i to\u00e1n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec3m xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t, sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ed1t theo kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nh\u00f4m nh\u1eb9 ~1\/3 Inox; Inox c\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 316 ch\u1ed1ng clorua v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft so s\u00e1nh tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i \u00fd ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u theo \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1050,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1162","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1162"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1162\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1050"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1162"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1162"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1162"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}