{"id":1185,"date":"2025-10-15T00:34:20","date_gmt":"2025-10-14T17:34:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-tam-phan-loai-quy-cach-kho-chuan-va-ung-dung-gia-cong\/"},"modified":"2025-10-15T00:34:20","modified_gmt":"2025-10-14T17:34:20","slug":"inox-tam-phan-loai-quy-cach-kho-chuan-va-ung-dung-gia-cong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-tam-phan-loai-quy-cach-kho-chuan-va-ung-dung-gia-cong\/","title":{"rendered":"Inox t\u1ea5m: Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, quy c\u00e1ch kh\u1ed5 chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng gia c\u00f4ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-inox-tam-la-gi-phan-biet-can-nguoi-va-can-nong\">Inox t\u1ea5m l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-phan-loai-inox-tam-theo-mac-thep-va-tieu-chuan\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i inox t\u1ea5m theo m\u00e1c th\u00e9p v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-phan-loai-theo-be-mat-hoan-thien\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-quy-cach-kho-do-day-va-dung-sai-tai-thi-truong-vie\">Quy c\u00e1ch kh\u1ed5, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 dung sai t\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-thuoc-tinh-co-hoc-han-cat-dinh-huong-gia-cong\">Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u2013 h\u00e0n c\u1eaft \u2013 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng gia c\u00f4ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-ung-dung-pho-bien-cua-inox-tam-trong-gia-cong\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a inox t\u1ea5m trong gia c\u00f4ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-chon-inox-tam-ma-tran-quyet-dinh-nhanh\">Ch\u1ecdn inox t\u1ea5m: ma tr\u1eadn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-luu-y-tieu-chuan-kiem-tra-truy-xuat\">L\u01b0u \u00fd ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u2013 ki\u1ec3m tra \u2013 truy xu\u1ea5t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-luu-kho-van-chuyen-an-toan\">L\u01b0u kho \u2013 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n an to\u00e0n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-vi-du-chon-vat-lieu-theo-bai-toan-thuc-te\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u theo b\u00e0i to\u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-cac-loi-thuong-gap-va-cach-tranh\">C\u00e1c l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-11-tinh-gia-va-toi-uu-vat-tu\">T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u1eadt t\u01b0<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-12-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Inox t\u1ea5m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong n\u0103m d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m inox ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9n, \u1ed1ng, h\u1ed9p v\u00e0 thanh \u0111\u1eb7c. V\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1eaft, u\u1ed1n, d\u1eadp, h\u00e0n linh ho\u1ea1t, inox t\u1ea5m l\u00e0 \u201cph\u00f4i n\u1ec1n\u201d c\u1ee7a \u0111a s\u1ed1 chi ti\u1ebft, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o: ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i inox t\u1ea5m, quy c\u00e1ch kh\u1ed5 \u2013 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u2013 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t theo chu\u1ea9n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t theo \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c l\u01b0u \u00fd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-inox-tam-la-gi-phan-biet-can-nguoi-va-can-nong\">Inox t\u1ea5m l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea5m c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i (CR): b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ecbn (2B, BA, HL, No.4), \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn 0.3\u20133.0 mm (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi ~6 mm), \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng \u2013 dung sai ch\u1eb7t, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p chi ti\u1ebft y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ea5m c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng (HR): b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t No.1 (c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng, t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9), d\u00e0y 3\u201350 mm (\u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0y h\u01a1n), \u01b0u ti\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, b\u1ed3n b\u1ec3, chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c, gia c\u00f4ng h\u00e0n \u2013 c\u1eaft d\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-phan-loai-inox-tam-theo-mac-thep-va-tieu-chuan\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i inox t\u1ea5m theo m\u00e1c th\u00e9p v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u00e1c m\u00e1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Austenitic: 201, 304\/304L, 316\/316L, 310S<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: kinh t\u1ebf, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, trang tr\u00ed trong nh\u00e0; ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n 304, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb sau gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304\/304L: th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t; 304L \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0n d\u00e0y\/\u0111a m\u1ed1i (gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m \u0103n m\u00f2n ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1t).<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316\/316L: b\u1ed5 sung Mo, kh\u00e1ng r\u1ed7\/\u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n; khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9, b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m m\u1eb7n\/axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 310S: ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao \u0111\u1ebfn ~1100\u00b0C, d\u00f9ng cho l\u00f2 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ferritic: 430, 409<br \/>\n  &#8211; 430: t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t, d\u00f9ng cho n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, trang tr\u00ed thang m\u00e1y, m\u1eb7t \u1ed1p kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t; kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua cao.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 409: ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i \u00f4 t\u00f4\/\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n trung b\u00ecnh.<br \/>\n&#8211; Martensitic: 420 (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng), d\u00f9ng cho dao \u2013 khu\u00f4n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Duplex: 2205 (\u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng), \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u2013 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 cao, d\u00f9ng cho h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\/bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u2013 quy c\u00e1ch: ASTM A240\/A480, EN 10088, JIS G4304 (HR)\/G4305 (CR). N\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u MTC EN 10204 3.1 \u0111\u1ec3 truy xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-phan-loai-theo-be-mat-hoan-thien\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; No.1: c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng, t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 acid; d\u00f9ng cho t\u1ea5m d\u00e0y, b\u1ed3n b\u1ec3, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u.<br \/>\n&#8211; 2B: m\u1edd m\u1ecbn ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho gia c\u00f4ng laser \u2013 ch\u1ea5n \u2013 h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; BA (Bright Annealed): \u1ee7 s\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ecbn, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p trang tr\u00ed, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ea1ch \u2013 d\u1ec5 v\u1ec7 sinh.<br \/>\n&#8211; No.4 (satin) v\u00e0 HL (hairline\/v\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0i): n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, thang m\u00e1y, \u1ed1p trang tr\u00ed; n\u00ean d\u00e1n phim PVC ch\u1ed1ng x\u01b0\u1edbc khi gia c\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Bead\/Shot Blasted: nh\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, ch\u1ed1ng l\u00f3a, trang tr\u00ed m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i.<br \/>\n&#8211; 8K (g\u01b0\u01a1ng): ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu cao, c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1eadp hoa\/Etched\/Embossed: trang tr\u00ed, ch\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5y v\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p>G\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m tham kh\u1ea3o: No.4 ~ Ra 0.4\u20130.8 \u00b5m; BA ~ Ra 0.05\u20130.1 \u00b5m (t\u00f9y nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-quy-cach-kho-do-day-va-dung-sai-tai-thi-truong-vie\">Quy c\u00e1ch kh\u1ed5, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 dung sai t\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<h3>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea5m s\u1eb5n kho<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ed5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (CR\/BA\/HL\/2B): 1219\u00d72438 mm (4\u00d78 feet), 1219\u00d73048 mm (4\u00d710), 1524\u00d73048 mm (5\u00d710).<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u1ed5 t\u1ea5m d\u00e0y (HR No.1): 1500\u00d76000 mm ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn; 2000\u00d76000 mm \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9n x\u1ea3 b\u0103ng: 1000, 1219, 1500, 2000 mm; c\u1eaft theo quy c\u00e1ch khi c\u1ea7n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ph\u00f4i.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i: 0.3\u20133.0 mm th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng; c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn 6.0 mm.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00e1n n\u00f3ng: 3\u201350 mm t\u1ed3n kho; >50 mm \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng theo d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n<h3>Dung sai tham kh\u1ea3o (ASTM A480, quy c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y (t\u00ednh mm):<br \/>\n  &#8211; 0.5\u20130.8: \u00b10.04<br \/>\n  &#8211; 1.0: \u00b10.05<br \/>\n  &#8211; 2.0: \u00b10.07<br \/>\n  &#8211; 3.0: \u00b10.09<br \/>\n  &#8211; 6.0: \u00b10.18<br \/>\n  &#8211; 12.0: \u00b10.36<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eaft x\u1ea3 b\u0103ng: th\u01b0\u1eddng +0\/\u22123 mm; c\u1eaft CNC: \u00b11.0 mm (t\u00f9y d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5).<br \/>\n&#8211; Vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c: sai l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e9o \u22643 mm v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m 4\u00d78 l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng: t\u1ea5m CR \u0111\u1ea1t \u201ccommercial flatness\u201d theo ASTM A480; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t \u201claser-flat\u201d khi c\u1ea7n dung sai ph\u1eb3ng nghi\u00eam (chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n). Ki\u1ec3m tra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1eb3ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a tr\u00ean chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i\/ph\u1ee7 b\u00ec chi ti\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea5m<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c nhanh: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (kg) = chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y (mm) \u00d7 r\u1ed9ng (m) \u00d7 d\u00e0i (m) \u00d7 7.93 (m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 austenitic).<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 3.0 mm \u00d7 1219 \u00d7 2438: 3 \u00d7 1.219 \u00d7 2.438 \u00d7 7.93 \u2248 70.6 kg\/t\u1ea5m.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 5.0 mm \u00d7 1500 \u00d7 6000: 5 \u00d7 1.5 \u00d7 6 \u00d7 7.93 \u2248 357 kg\/t\u1ea5m.<br \/>\nL\u01b0u \u00fd: Ferritic (430) c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n ch\u00fat (~7.7) nh\u01b0ng sai kh\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn trong t\u00ednh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-thuoc-tinh-co-hoc-han-cat-dinh-huong-gia-cong\">Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u2013 h\u00e0n c\u1eaft \u2013 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng gia c\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; C\u01a1 t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304\/304L: Rp0.2 ~ 205 MPa, Rm ~ 515 MPa, d\u1ebbo t\u1ed1t, r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316\/316L: t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 304 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1ng r\u1ed7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u1edd Mo.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: b\u1ec1n ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 h\u00f3a b\u1ec1n khi d\u1eadp; ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n 304.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 430: t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, d\u1eadp u\u1ed1n c\u1ea7n b\u00e1n k\u00ednh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 304.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u (tham kh\u1ea3o, v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5n V ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n):<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304\/304L: \u2265 1.0 \u00d7 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y (t).<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: 0.8\u20131.0 t (t\u00f9y \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u00e1n).<br \/>\n  &#8211; 430: 1.5 t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u1ee9t m\u00e9p.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gia c\u00f4ng c\u1eaft:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Laser fiber: nhanh, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c; hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn ~20\u201325 mm (ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Waterjet: kh\u00f4ng v\u00f9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec7t, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft \u0111\u1eb9p, chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Plasma: ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5m d\u00e0y HR; c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd ba via v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng m\u00e9p.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; TIG\/MIG v\u1edbi kh\u00ed Ar ho\u1eb7c Ar+He; v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i k\u00edn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u201cback purging\u201d (kh\u00ed b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1eb7t sau) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef m\u00e0u v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Que\/d\u00e2y h\u00e0n khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb: 308L cho 304, 316L (ho\u1eb7c 316LSi) cho 316, 309L cho h\u00e0n kh\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Sau h\u00e0n: t\u1ea9y m\u1ed1i (pickling) v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng Cr2O3.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: d\u00f9ng phim PVC m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi BA\/HL\/8K; th\u00e1o sau gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh b\u1eb1ng dung d\u1ecbch pH trung t\u00ednh.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n Fe: d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ri\u00eang cho inox, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng chung ch\u1ed5i th\u00e9p carbon; che ph\u1ee7 khi l\u01b0u kho c\u1ea1nh th\u00e9p \u0111en.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-ung-dung-pho-bien-cua-inox-tam-trong-gia-cong\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a inox t\u1ea5m trong gia c\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ebfp \u2013 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u2013 y t\u1ebf: 304\/316 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t 2B\/BA\/No.4; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec7 sinh, m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n s\u1ea1ch, g\u00f3c bo l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 r\u1eeda.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u2013 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t \u2013 thang m\u00e1y: 304\/430 HL, No.4, bead blast, g\u01b0\u01a1ng 8K; th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e1n PVC, ch\u00fa \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e2n khi c\u1eaft \u2013 u\u1ed1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u2013 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc: 316\/316L, duplex 2205 cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua\/acid y\u1ebfu; t\u1ea5m HR d\u00e0y l\u00e0m b\u1ed3n, b\u00edch, gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u01a1 kh\u00ed \u2013 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u2013 jig\/fixture: 304 No.1\/2B; ch\u1ecdn HR d\u00e0y cho chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c; c\u1eaft plasma ho\u1eb7c laser c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u00d4 t\u00f4 \u2013 l\u00f2 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: 409\/430 cho \u1ed1p ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t trung b\u00ecnh; 310S cho bu\u1ed3ng l\u00f2, \u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-chon-inox-tam-ma-tran-quyet-dinh-nhanh\">Ch\u1ecdn inox t\u1ea5m: ma tr\u1eadn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Trong nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4, chi ph\u00ed t\u1ed1i \u01b0u: 201 ho\u1eb7c 430 (430 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng n\u01a1i \u1ea9m m\u1eb7n).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a: 304\/304L.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ven bi\u1ec3n, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n, clorua, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9: 316\/316L.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao > 800\u00b0C: 310S.<br \/>\n&#8211; Quy tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng:<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u00e0n nhi\u1ec1u, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y l\u1edbn: \u01b0u ti\u00ean m\u00e1c \u201cL\u201d (304L\/316L).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u01b0\u01a1ng\/\u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch cao: BA\/8K, v\u1ec7 sinh sau gia c\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u1eadp s\u00e2u \u2013 u\u1ed1n nh\u1ecf: 304\/304L, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh \u22651.0 t; tr\u00e1nh 430 \u1edf g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n qu\u00e1 g\u1eaft.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u2013 th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Trang tr\u00ed kh\u00e1ng x\u01b0\u1edbc: HL, No.4, bead blast.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Thang m\u00e1y\/\u1ed1p trong nh\u00e0: 304 HL\/No.4 ho\u1eb7c 430 HL (kh\u00f4ng g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n).<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed:<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u00f9ng cu\u1ed9n x\u1ea3 b\u0103ng theo kh\u1ed5 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110\u1eb7t \u201ccommercial flatness\u201d n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u1eaft laser dung sai ch\u1eb7t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee7 bundle ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 logistics.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-luu-y-tieu-chuan-kiem-tra-truy-xuat\">L\u01b0u \u00fd ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u2013 ki\u1ec3m tra \u2013 truy xu\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u MTC EN 10204 3.1 cho l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng quan tr\u1ecdng; ki\u1ec3m tra PMI (XRF) v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean khi nh\u1eadn.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1eb7t theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM A240\/A480 ho\u1eb7c EN 10088; ghi r\u00f5 m\u00e1c, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, kh\u1ed5, dung sai, l\u1edbp phim b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ed3n b\u1ec3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c: tham chi\u1ebfu th\u00eam ASME\/EN li\u00ean quan; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u1eb3ng, n\u1eafn ch\u1ec9nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-luu-kho-van-chuyen-an-toan\">L\u01b0u kho \u2013 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n an to\u00e0n<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; L\u01b0u kho kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, k\u00ea cao b\u1eb1ng pallet g\u1ed7; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n \u1ea9m.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng g\u0103ng tay, \u0111ai n\u00e2ng b\u1ea3n r\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9p t\u1ea5m chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng; tr\u00e1nh va g\u00f3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb9t m\u00e9p.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u00e8n gi\u1ea5y\/k\u00ea PE gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trang tr\u00ed; th\u00e1o phim PVC trong v\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u01b0u keo khi ph\u01a1i n\u1eafng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-vi-du-chon-vat-lieu-theo-bai-toan-thuc-te\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u theo b\u00e0i to\u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; B\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i: 304 2B d\u00e0y 1.2\u20131.5 mm cho th\u00e2n v\u1ecf; m\u1eb7t b\u00e0n No.4\/HL 1.2 mm; d\u00f9ng 308L, m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n pickling.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0p thang m\u00e1y n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0: 304 HL\/No.4 0.8\u20131.0 mm c\u00f3 PVC; c\u1eaft theo h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e2n; bo c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m c\u1eaft tay.<br \/>\n&#8211; Lan can ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n: 316L 2B d\u00e0y 1.5\u20132.0 mm; ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n bead blast ho\u1eb7c No.4; b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec r\u1eeda n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ed3n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 15 m3: t\u1ea5m HR 316L d\u00e0y 6\u20138 mm, kh\u1ed5 1500\u00d76000; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t MTC, ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ea5m m\u00e0u m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a sau l\u1eafp.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-cac-loi-thuong-gap-va-cach-tranh\">C\u00e1c l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn 201\/430 cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m m\u1eb7n: d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ed7 nhanh; thay b\u1eb1ng 304\/316.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng back purge khi h\u00e0n \u1ed1ng\/t\u1ea5m k\u00edn: m\u1ed1i b\u00ean trong b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a, suy gi\u1ea3m kh\u00e1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng \u0111\u0129a m\u00e0i th\u00e9p \u0111en l\u00ean inox: nhi\u1ec5m Fe, r\u1ec9 n\u00e2u; lu\u00f4n d\u00f9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u201cinox only\u201d.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh dung sai ph\u00f4i khi nesting: thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1nh, thi\u1ebfu d\u01b0 u\u1ed1n; lu\u00f4n th\u00eam d\u01b0 c\u1eaft v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-11-tinh-gia-va-toi-uu-vat-tu\">T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u1eadt t\u01b0<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Gi\u00e1 ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng: m\u00e1c (Ni, Mo), b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, kh\u1ed5, xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 (EU\/JP\/KR\/TW\/CN), \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao (x\u1ebb b\u0103ng\/c\u1eaft CNC\/film PVC), s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u1eb9o ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m:<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u00f9ng 304L thay 304 khi h\u00e0n nhi\u1ec1u, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0103n m\u00f2n sau n\u00e0y.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ch\u1ecdn kh\u1ed5 1219\/1524\/2000 mm ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p layout chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Gom \u0111\u01a1n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn (s\u1ed1 t\u1ea5m\/lot) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u2013 b\u1ed1c d\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-12-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Inox t\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo m\u00e1c th\u00e9p, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00e1n (ngu\u1ed9i\/n\u00f3ng) v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n, v\u1edbi quy c\u00e1ch kh\u1ed5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn 4\u00d78, 4\u00d710, 5\u00d710 v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m d\u00e0y 1500\u00d76000. Ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c (201\/430 cho n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, 304 cho \u0111a d\u1ee5ng, 316L cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, 310S cho nhi\u1ec7t cao), \u0111\u00fang b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (2B\/BA\/No.4\/HL) v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang quy c\u00e1ch s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 dung sai ASTM A480, t\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 7.93, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng PVC, h\u00e0n v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (308L\/316L), v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n s\u1eaft l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 gia c\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c g\u1ee3i \u00fd l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 l\u01b0u \u00fd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u00ean, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 tin t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u1eadt t\u01b0, quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed cho m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng inox t\u1ea5m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 inox t\u1ea5m: m\u00e1c th\u00e9p, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng\/ngu\u1ed9i; quy c\u00e1ch 4&#215;8, 4&#215;10, 5&#215;10; c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1056,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1185","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1185","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1185"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1185\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1056"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1185"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1185"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1185"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}