{"id":1217,"date":"2025-10-23T12:34:05","date_gmt":"2025-10-23T05:34:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/tinh-ap-luc-lam-viec-do-day-thanh-ong-inox-theo-asme-b31-3\/"},"modified":"2025-10-23T12:34:05","modified_gmt":"2025-10-23T05:34:05","slug":"tinh-ap-luc-lam-viec-do-day-thanh-ong-inox-theo-asme-b31-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/tinh-ap-luc-lam-viec-do-day-thanh-ong-inox-theo-asme-b31-3\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ednh \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng Inox theo ASME B31.3"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-chuan-muc-va-thuat-ngu-can-nam\">Chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-cong-thuc-tinh-theo-asme-b313\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh theo ASME B31.3<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-du-lieu-can-co-truoc-khi-tinh\">D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00ednh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-quy-trinh-a-cho-ap-suat-yeu-cau-tinh-chieu-day-va-\">Quy tr\u00ecnh A: Cho \u00e1p su\u1ea5t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, t\u00ednh chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn schedule<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-quy-trinh-b-cho-chieu-dayschedule-tinh-mawp\">Quy tr\u00ecnh B: Cho chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y\/schedule, t\u00ednh MAWP<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-anh-huong-nhiet-do-vat-lieu-va-he-so\">\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-nhung-kiem-tra-bo-sung-bat-buoc\">Nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ed5 sung b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-meo-chon-nhanh-schedule-theo-thuc-te-viet-nam\">M\u1eb9o ch\u1ecdn nhanh schedule theo th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-checklist-8-buoc-truoc-khi-chot-vat-tu\">Checklist 8 b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ed1t v\u1eadt t\u01b0<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng Inox c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p (MAWP) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u00ednh to\u00e1n theo ASME B31.3 (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh) v\u00e0 tra k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed1ng theo ASME B36.19M (\u1ed1ng Inox), ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf thi c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u1ea9m nang v\u1ec1 \u1ed1ng\/h\u1ed9p Inox, nh\u01b0ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ngay.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-chuan-muc-va-thuat-ngu-can-nam\">Chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; P: \u00c1p su\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (MPa ho\u1eb7c bar; 1 bar = 0,1 MPa)<br \/>\n&#8211; MAWP: \u00c1p l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<br \/>\n&#8211; D: \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i \u1ed1ng (mm), tra theo ASME B36.19M<br \/>\n&#8211; t: Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng (mm)<br \/>\n&#8211; c: Ph\u1ee5 tr\u1eeb \u0103n m\u00f2n\/\u0103n m\u00f2n m\u00e0i m\u00f2n (mm)<br \/>\n&#8211; S: \u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (MPa), tra ASME II-D<br \/>\n&#8211; E: H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n d\u1ecdc (0,85\u20131,0 t\u00f9y ki\u1ec3u \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra NDT)<br \/>\n&#8211; W: H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3m b\u1ec1n m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u22481,0 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi Inox austenit)<br \/>\n&#8211; Y: H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u\/nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (v\u1edbi Inox austenit \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea5y 0,4)<br \/>\n&#8211; Dung sai chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y (mill tolerance): th\u01b0\u1eddng -12,5% theo ASTM A312 (\u1ed1ng Inox)<\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef:<br \/>\n&#8211; \u00c1p su\u1ea5t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh (operating) kh\u00e1c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (design). T\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u00f9ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng).<br \/>\n&#8211; MAWP l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn c, E, dung sai.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-cong-thuc-tinh-theo-asme-b313\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh theo ASME B31.3<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; T\u00ednh chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho \u1ed1ng th\u1eb3ng ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p b\u00ean trong:<br \/>\n  t_required = [P \u00d7 D] \/ [2 \u00d7 (S \u00d7 E \u00d7 W + P \u00d7 Y)]<br \/>\n  Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee5 tr\u1eeb \u0103n m\u00f2n: t_req+c = t_required + c<br \/>\n  T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn dung sai -12,5%: t_nominal \u2265 (t_req+c) \/ 0,875<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u00ednh MAWP khi bi\u1ebft chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y:<br \/>\n  Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft x\u00e9t dung sai v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n: t_available = 0,875 \u00d7 t_nominal \u2212 c<br \/>\n  MAWP = P_allow = [2 \u00d7 S \u00d7 E \u00d7 W \u00d7 t_available] \/ [D \u2212 Y \u00d7 t_available]<\/p>\n<p>Quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n: P (MPa), S (MPa), D v\u00e0 t (mm) \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 P ra MPa.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-du-lieu-can-co-truoc-khi-tinh\">D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00ednh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed1ng: OD D v\u00e0 schedule (chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y danh ngh\u0129a) theo ASME B36.19M (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 NPS 2&#8243; c\u00f3 D = 60,3 mm; SCH 5S: 1,65 mm; 10S: 2,77 mm; 40S: 3,91 mm; 80S: 5,54 mm).<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00e1c Inox: 304\/304L, 316\/316L&#8230;; l\u1ea5y S t\u1eeb ASME II-D t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Tham kh\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh:<br \/>\n  + 304\/316 \u1edf ~20\u201338\u00b0C: S \u2248 137\u2013138 MPa<br \/>\n  + 304 \u1edf 200\u00b0C: S gi\u1ea3m c\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng 115 MPa (tham chi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3u \u1ed1ng: \u0111\u00fac (seamless) hay h\u00e0n (welded); x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh E:<br \/>\n  + E = 1,0 cho \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00fac ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng h\u00e0n c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m tra NDT theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<br \/>\n  + E = 0,85 n\u1ebfu \u1ed1ng h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng NDT theo b\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a B31.3<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u1ee5 tr\u1eeb \u0103n m\u00f2n c: t\u00f9y m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (0\u20130,5 mm cho n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch; l\u1edbn h\u01a1n cho h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\/bi\u1ec3n).<br \/>\n&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9: \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn S v\u00e0 W ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<br \/>\n&#8211; R\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng: rating m\u1eb7t b\u00edch\/van (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 Class 150 ~ 19,6 bar @ 38\u00b0C), ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ed1i (ren, h\u00e0n, r\u00e3nh) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1eaft x\u00edch y\u1ebfu\u201d.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-quy-trinh-a-cho-ap-suat-yeu-cau-tinh-chieu-day-va-\">Quy tr\u00ecnh A: Cho \u00e1p su\u1ea5t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, t\u00ednh chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn schedule<\/h2>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: T\u00ednh chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p<\/h3>\n<p>D\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t_required v\u1edbi P, D, S, E, W, Y theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: C\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee5 tr\u1eeb v\u00e0 dung sai<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; t_req+c = t_required + c<br \/>\n&#8211; t_nominal \u2265 (t_req+c) \/ 0,875 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 dung sai -12,5%<\/p>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Ch\u1ecdn schedule ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/h3>\n<p>Ch\u1ecdn schedule c\u00f3 t_nominal g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng \u2265 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Tra theo ASME B36.19M.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i MAWP v\u00e0 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n<p>X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn MAWP c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u2265 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. \u0110\u1eebng qu\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra rating c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n, m\u1eb7t b\u00edch, van.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 A \u2013 T\u00ednh cho \u1ed1ng Inox 304 DN50 (NPS 2&#8243;)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<br \/>\n  + P = 16 bar = 1,6 MPa; T \u2248 20\u00b0C<br \/>\n  + V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: 304, S \u2248 138 MPa; W = 1,0<br \/>\n  + \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng NDT: E = 0,85 (gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7)<br \/>\n  + Y = 0,4; c = 0,5 mm (\u0103n m\u00f2n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng)<br \/>\n  + D (NPS 2&#8243;) = 60,3 mm<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u00ednh t_required:<br \/>\n  t_required = (1,6 \u00d7 60,3) \/ [2 \u00d7 (138 \u00d7 0,85 \u00d7 1,0 + 1,6 \u00d7 0,4)]<br \/>\n             = 96,48 \/ [2 \u00d7 (117,3 + 0,64)]<br \/>\n             = 96,48 \/ 235,88<br \/>\n             \u2248 0,409 mm<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1ed9ng \u0103n m\u00f2n: t_req+c = 0,409 + 0,5 = 0,909 mm<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn dung sai: t_nominal \u2265 0,909 \/ 0,875 = 1,039 mm<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn schedule: SCH 5S (1,65 mm) l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra nhanh MAWP (t\u00f3m t\u1eaft): v\u1edbi SCH 5S ch\u1ecdn \u1edf tr\u00ean, MAWP t\u00ednh l\u1ea1i \u2248 36,9 bar > 16 bar (\u0111\u1ee7 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng). K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: NPS 2&#8243; SCH 5S \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u 16 bar trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh; tuy nhi\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ch\u1ecdn SCH 10S \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, d\u1ec5 h\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-quy-trinh-b-cho-chieu-dayschedule-tinh-mawp\">Quy tr\u00ecnh B: Cho chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y\/schedule, t\u00ednh MAWP<\/h2>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: T\u00ednh t_available<\/h3>\n<p>t_available = 0,875 \u00d7 t_nominal \u2212 c<\/p>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: T\u00ednh MAWP<\/h3>\n<p>P_allow = [2 \u00d7 S \u00d7 E \u00d7 W \u00d7 t_available] \/ [D \u2212 Y \u00d7 t_available]<\/p>\n<h3>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 B \u2013 MAWP cho NPS 2&#8243; SCH 10S (t_nominal = 2,77 mm)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u01a1 s\u1edf: D = 60,3 mm; S (304, ~20\u00b0C) = 138 MPa; W = 1; Y = 0,4<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t (\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00fac ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0n c\u00f3 NDT, kh\u00f4ng \u0103n m\u00f2n): E = 1,0; c = 0<br \/>\n  + t_available = 0,875 \u00d7 2,77 = 2,424 mm<br \/>\n  + P_allow \u2248 [2 \u00d7 138 \u00d7 1 \u00d7 2,424] \/ [60,3 \u2212 0,4 \u00d7 2,424]<br \/>\n             \u2248 11,27 MPa \u2248 112,7 bar<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 (\u1ed1ng h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng NDT, c\u00f3 \u0103n m\u00f2n 0,5 mm): E = 0,85; c = 0,5<br \/>\n  + t_available = 0,875 \u00d7 2,77 \u2212 0,5 = 1,924 mm<br \/>\n  + P_allow \u2248 [2 \u00d7 138 \u00d7 0,85 \u00d7 1,924] \/ [60,3 \u2212 0,4 \u00d7 1,924]<br \/>\n             \u2248 7,59 MPa \u2248 75,9 bar<\/p>\n<p>Ghi nh\u1edb: MAWP c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1edfi m\u1eb7t b\u00edch\/van Class 150 (~19,6 bar @ 38\u00b0C). Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i theo \u201cm\u1eaft x\u00edch y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t\u201d.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-anh-huong-nhiet-do-vat-lieu-va-he-so\">\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00e0m S gi\u1ea3m: v\u00ed d\u1ee5 304 t\u1eeb ~138 MPa (20\u201338\u00b0C) xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u1edf 200\u00b0C. Lu\u00f4n tra b\u1ea3ng ASME II-D hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 Y: v\u1edbi Inox austenit, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng 0,4 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng (tra B31.3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9).<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 W: v\u1edbi Inox \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng, W \u2248 1,0; \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 <1.\n- E (m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n): n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (NDT) theo m\u00e3, d\u00f9ng E = 0,85. \u1ed0ng \u0111\u00fac: E = 1,0.\n- V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea: Inox 201 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb S trong ASME II-D; kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb d\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p theo m\u00e3.\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-nhung-kiem-tra-bo-sung-bat-buoc\">Nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ed5 sung b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, rung, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng ngo\u00e0i: tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, l\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00e3n n\u1edf, gi\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gia c\u00f4ng: u\u1ed1n, loe, c\u00e1n r\u00e3nh g\u00e2y m\u1ecfng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9; ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra t_min sau gia c\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n:<br \/>\n  + M\u1eb7t b\u00edch\/van (Class 150\/300&#8230;) quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00e1p l\u1ef1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<br \/>\n  + Ren\/groove: c\u1ea7n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u ri\u00eang; ren th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho \u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng\/\u00e1p ngo\u00e0i: ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecf m\u1ecfng (external pressure chart \u2013 ASME II-D).<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1eed \u00e1p: theo B31.3, \u00e1p th\u1eed th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u2265 1,5 \u00d7 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<br \/>\n&#8211; Dung sai h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc: \u00f4van, \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch th\u00e0nh \u2013 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM A312, JIS G3459.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-meo-chon-nhanh-schedule-theo-thuc-te-viet-nam\">M\u1eb9o ch\u1ecdn nhanh schedule theo th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc\/kh\u00ed tr\u01a1 \u2264 16\u201320 bar, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng: NPS \u2264 2&#8243; ch\u1ecdn SCH 10S th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t, d\u1ec5 h\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n; v\u1eabn ki\u1ec3m tra rating Class 150.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u01a1i b\u00e3o h\u00f2a \u00e1p th\u1ea5p\u2013trung b\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu va \u0111\u1eadp: c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc SCH 40S \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0103n m\u00f2n\/bi\u1ec3n: t\u0103ng c (\u2265 0,5\u20131,0 mm) ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecdn 316\/316L; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng schedule khi c\u1ea7n.<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u1ebfu \u01b0u ti\u00ean tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/chi ph\u00ed, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0103n m\u00f2n: SCH 5S c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u00e1p l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0ng xem x\u00e9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n, gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-checklist-8-buoc-truoc-khi-chot-vat-tu\">Checklist 8 b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ed1t v\u1eadt t\u01b0<\/h2>\n<p>1) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh P v\u00e0 T thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf; 2) Ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c Inox v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y S, W, Y theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n; 3) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh E theo lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 NDT; 4) Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c; 5) L\u1ea5y D t\u1eeb ASME B36.19M; 6) T\u00ednh t_required, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng dung sai; 7) Ch\u1ecdn schedule v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra MAWP; 8) X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn rating ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n, th\u1eed \u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng Inox v\u00e0 MAWP n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo ASME B31.3 v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb ASME B36.19M.<br \/>\n&#8211; Hai c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i:<br \/>\n  + t_required = [P \u00d7 D] \/ [2 \u00d7 (S \u00d7 E \u00d7 W + P \u00d7 Y)], sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng c v\u00e0 b\u00f9 dung sai -12,5%<br \/>\n  + P_allow = [2 \u00d7 S \u00d7 E \u00d7 W \u00d7 (0,875 \u00d7 t_nom \u2212 c)] \/ [D \u2212 Y \u00d7 (0,875 \u00d7 t_nom \u2212 c)]<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho NPS 2&#8243; cho th\u1ea5y: ngay c\u1ea3 SCH 5S\/10S c\u00f3 MAWP r\u1ea5t cao \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng; tuy nhi\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1edfi rating m\u1eb7t b\u00edch\/van v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<br \/>\n&#8211; Lu\u00f4n d\u00f9ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u S, E, W, Y c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt; x\u00e9t \u0103n m\u00f2n, dung sai, gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i ngo\u00e0i. Khi c\u00f2n nghi ng\u1edd, ch\u1ecdn schedule cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 thi c\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n file t\u00ednh nhanh theo chu\u1ea9n ASME ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn schedule theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, h\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chu\u1ea9n ASME B31.3\/B36.19: c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c (MAWP) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u1ed1ng Inox, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 DN50, ch\u1ecdn schedule, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 E, Y, \u0103n m\u00f2n, dung sai -12.5%.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1007,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1217","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1217","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1217"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1217\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1007"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1217"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1217"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1217"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}