{"id":1237,"date":"2025-10-28T12:34:24","date_gmt":"2025-10-28T05:34:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/bulong-oc-vit-e-cu-inox-phan-loai-cach-chon-theo-moi-truong\/"},"modified":"2025-10-28T12:34:24","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T05:34:24","slug":"bulong-oc-vit-e-cu-inox-phan-loai-cach-chon-theo-moi-truong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/bulong-oc-vit-e-cu-inox-phan-loai-cach-chon-theo-moi-truong\/","title":{"rendered":"Bulong, \u1ed1c v\u00edt, \u00ea-cu Inox: Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i &#038; c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-tong-quan-nhanh-ve-vat-lieu-inox-dung-cho-bulong-o\">T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Inox d\u00f9ng cho bulong \u2013 \u1ed1c v\u00edt \u2013 \u00ea-cu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-phan-loai-theo-hinh-dang-va-tieu-chuan\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-cach-chon-theo-moi-truong-su-dung\">C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-so-sanh-nhanh-ve-kha-nang-chong-an-mon-va-ung-dung\">So s\u00e1nh nhanh v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-ky-thuat-lap-dat-dung-voi-inox-tranh-ket-ren-dam-b\">K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi Inox (tr\u00e1nh k\u1eb9t ren, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1ef1c si\u1ebft)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-bang-kiem-chon-nhanh-checklist\">B\u1ea3ng ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ecdn nhanh (checklist)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n Inox cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, bulong, \u1ed1c v\u00edt, \u00ea-cu l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m chi ti\u1ebft quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n m\u1ed1i gh\u00e9p. Ch\u1ecdn sai m\u00e1c Inox hay sai lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t s\u1edbm, k\u1eb9t ren, ho\u1eb7c tu\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 bulong \u2013 \u1ed1c v\u00edt \u2013 \u00ea-cu Inox v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ecdn theo t\u1eebng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-tong-quan-nhanh-ve-vat-lieu-inox-dung-cho-bulong-o\">T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Inox d\u00f9ng cho bulong \u2013 \u1ed1c v\u00edt \u2013 \u00ea-cu<\/h2>\n<h3>Nh\u00f3m austenit: 201, 304 (A2), 316 (A4), 316L<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Inox 201: gi\u1ea3m Ni, t\u0103ng Mn. \u01afu: gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p. Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c: ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u00e9m, d\u1ec5 \u201c\u1ed1 tr\u00e0\u201d (tea-stain) ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u1ea9m. Ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean d\u00f9ng trong nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4. PREN kho\u1ea3ng ~16\u201317.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 304 (A2): ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. D\u00f9ng t\u1ed1t ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i. PREN ~18\u201319.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 316\/316L (A4): c\u00f3 Mo, ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 pitting v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi Cl-. D\u00f9ng cho ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. 316L h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C th\u1ea5p, h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. PREN ~23\u201324.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u00ednh t\u1eeb: 201\/304\/316 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb do bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ngu\u1ed9i).<\/p>\n<h3>Nh\u00f3m martensit\/ferrit: 410, 420, 430<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 410\/420: c\u1ee9ng, ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7t luy\u1ec7n. Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n 304. Th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng cho v\u00edt t\u1ef1 khoan c\u1ea7n m\u0169i c\u1ee9ng. T\u1eeb t\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh.<br \/>\n&#8211; 430 (ferrit): gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n 304; \u00edt d\u00f9ng cho bulong k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u1ea5p b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; A2-50, A2-70; A4-70, A4-80: c\u1ea5p b\u1ec1n theo ISO 3506 (min. \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o: 500\/700\/700\/800 MPa). A2 \u2248 304, A4 \u2248 316.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u00e2n\/\u0111\u1ea7u: A2-70, A4-80; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u2013 n\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: pickling &#038; passivation (t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 \u2013 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a), \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, phun bi; x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang gi\u00fap t\u0103ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-phan-loai-theo-hinh-dang-va-tieu-chuan\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/h2>\n<h3>Bulong<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; L\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i ren su\u1ed1t\/ren l\u1eedng: DIN 933\/931, ISO 4017\/4014. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, c\u01a1 kh\u00ed.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ea7u l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c ch\u00ecm: DIN 912 (\u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ee5), DIN 7991 (\u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4n ch\u00ecm) \u2013 d\u00f9ng khi c\u1ea7n th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9\/ph\u1eb3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Carriage bolt (\u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00f2n c\u1ed5 vu\u00f4ng): DIN 603 \u2013 g\u1ed7, h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng s\u00e2n v\u01b0\u1eddn.<br \/>\n&#8211; Bulong n\u00eam\/neo (anchor bolt) Inox: cho b\u00ea t\u00f4ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n<h3>\u1ed0c v\u00edt<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Machine screw (ren h\u1ec7 m\u00e9t M): \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f9, \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00ecm; d\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u00ea-cu ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 ren s\u1eb5n.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00edt t\u1ef1 khoan\/t\u1ef1 ren cho t\u00f4n: \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f9\/\u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c, c\u00f3 long \u0111en EPDM; th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 bi-metal (\u0111\u1ea7u Inox 304, m\u0169i khoan th\u00e9p t\u00f4i).<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00edt g\u1ed7\/nh\u1ef1a: ren th\u01b0a, \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00ecm\/\u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f9 Inox cho ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h3>\u00ca-cu v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u00ca-cu l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c: DIN 934 (th\u01b0\u1eddng), DIN 439 (m\u1ecfng), DIN 985 (Nyloc ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ecfng), DIN 6923 (m\u1eb7t b\u00edch r\u0103ng c\u01b0a), DIN 1587 (\u00ea-cu m\u0169).<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m: ph\u1eb3ng DIN 125\/ISO 7089, v\u00eanh DIN 127, r\u0103ng c\u01b0a DIN 6798, v\u00f2ng EPDM cho v\u00edt t\u00f4n. Trong Inox, n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean v\u00f2ng ph\u1eb3ng + gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00f3a ren thay cho v\u00f2ng v\u00eanh \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ch\u1ecbu rung m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n<h3>Ren: b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4 v\u00e0 m\u1ecbn<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; M coarse (b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4) l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u2013 ch\u1ed1ng tu\u1ed9t ren t\u1ed1t khi l\u1eafp ngo\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<br \/>\n&#8211; M fine (b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecbn) cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c; nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m k\u1eb9t ren h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-cach-chon-theo-moi-truong-su-dung\">C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<h3>1) Trong nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4, v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb: 304 (A2-70) cho bulong\/\u00ea-cu; \u1ed1c v\u00edt m\u00e1y 304.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng 201 cho chi ti\u1ebft trang tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea9m; tr\u00e1nh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed g\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, b\u1ebfp, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea7u: l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c ch\u00ecm ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4n ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9.<\/p>\n<h3>2) Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba (n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n\/th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, m\u01b0a \u1ea9m v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u: 304 (A2-70). Tr\u00e1nh 201 v\u00ec d\u1ec5 \u201c\u1ed1 tr\u00e0\u201d.<br \/>\n&#8211; S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u01a1n ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi: k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m ph\u1eb3ng Inox + keo kh\u00f3a ren trung b\u00ecnh l\u1ef1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1edbi k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u00f3 h\u00e0n: \u01b0u ti\u00ean 304 + passivation sau h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9.<\/p>\n<h3>3) Khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m\/axit nh\u1eb9 (g\u1ea7n khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ee5i kim lo\u1ea1i)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb: 316 (A4-70) cho chi ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 thi\u00ean; 304 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec r\u1eeda \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u01b0u \u00fd: tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n s\u1eaft t\u1eeb d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5\/ma s\u00e1t \u2013 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y r\u1ec9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<h3>4) Ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3o, c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3ng, du thuy\u1ec1n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; B\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c: 316\/316L (A4-70 ho\u1eb7c A4-80). D\u00f9ng \u00ea-cu all-metal ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ecfng (kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng Nyloc g\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t\/c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 UV cao l\u00e2u d\u00e0i).<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00edt t\u00f4n\/lan can: \u01b0u ti\u00ean Inox 316; n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 khoan, ch\u1ecdn v\u00edt bi-metal \u0111\u1ea7u 316 + m\u0169i th\u00e9p t\u00f4i, c\u00f3 v\u00f2ng EPDM ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. Tr\u00e1nh 201\/304 v\u00ec r\u1ed7 pitting nhanh do Cl-.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1ec7 sinh: r\u1eeda n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<h3>5) H\u1ed3 b\u01a1i, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; H\u1ed3 b\u01a1i (chloride): 316\/316L (A4). V\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee9a Clo: c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc 904L ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee7 b\u1ed5 sung n\u1ebfu c\u00f3.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ng\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m: 316L \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean do v\u1ec7 sinh, ch\u1ed1ng k\u1ebd n\u1ee9t \u0103n m\u00f2n; b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng, m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n passivation.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng Nyloc g\u1ea7n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda clo\/chloramine m\u1ea1nh \u2013 thay b\u1eb1ng \u00ea-cu kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 h\u00e3m.<\/p>\n<h3>6) Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 304\/316 gi\u1eef c\u01a1 t\u00ednh t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn ~300\u00b0C. Tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n m\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t (310S, 321\u2026), \u00ea-cu ki\u1ec3u all-metal; Nyloc kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng >120\u00b0C.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u00fa \u00fd ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gh\u00e9p.<\/p>\n<h3>7) K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c\/\u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c (rung, va \u0111\u1eadp)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5p b\u1ec1n cao: A2-70 ho\u1eb7c A4-80 theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. N\u1ebfu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t cao, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc bulong th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm-nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng + gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0103n m\u00f2n b\u1ed5 sung; nh\u01b0ng \u01b0u ti\u00ean Inox \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m\/mu\u1ed1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ecfng: \u00ea-cu t\u1ef1 h\u00e3m kim lo\u1ea1i, long \u0111en r\u0103ng c\u01b0a m\u1eb7t b\u00edch, keo kh\u00f3a ren. V\u00f2ng l\u00f2 xo \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 cho rung m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n<h3>8) M\u00e1i t\u00f4n, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p m\u1ea1<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; V\u00edt t\u00f4n: \u0111\u1ea7u Inox 304\/316 + EPDM. \u1ede ven bi\u1ec3n: 316\/bi-metal ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh n\u00f3ng ch\u00e1y EPDM.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh gh\u00e9p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp Inox v\u1edbi nh\u00f4m\/k\u1ebdm m\u1ea1 trong n\u01a1i \u1ea9m mu\u1ed1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n: d\u00f9ng v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m nh\u1ef1a\/EPDM \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<h3>9) G\u1ed7 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, s\u00e2n v\u01b0\u1eddn<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 304 \u0111\u1ee7 d\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba; 316 cho g\u1ed7 c\u1ee9ng ch\u1ee9a tanin\/ven bi\u1ec3n (tannin + mu\u1ed1i t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 \u1ed1).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u01afu ti\u00ean v\u00edt g\u1ed7 Inox \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00ecm, ren th\u01b0a, c\u00f3 r\u00e3nh c\u1eaft ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t g\u1ed7.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-so-sanh-nhanh-ve-kha-nang-chong-an-mon-va-ung-dung\">So s\u00e1nh nhanh v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 201: trong nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4 \u2013 trang tr\u00ed, \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u1ea9m.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304 (A2): ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u2013 lan can n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba, bi\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u nh\u1eb9.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316\/316L (A4): ven bi\u1ec3n\/h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 \u2013 lan can b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n, b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; 410\/bi-metal: v\u00edt t\u1ef1 khoan y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u0169i c\u1ee9ng \u2013 m\u00e1i t\u00f4n, t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p m\u1ecfng (\u0111\u1ea7u\/m\u0169 Inox \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t).<br \/>\n&#8211; G\u1ee3i \u00fd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: PREN c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 Cl- c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t; 316 v\u01b0\u1ee3t 304 r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t \u1edf ven bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-ky-thuat-lap-dat-dung-voi-inox-tranh-ket-ren-dam-b\">K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi Inox (tr\u00e1nh k\u1eb9t ren, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1ef1c si\u1ebft)<\/h2>\n<h3>Ch\u1ed1ng k\u1eb9t ren (galling)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; D\u00f9ng m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng k\u1eb9t (anti-seize) ch\u1ee9a MoS2\/nickel tr\u00ean ren; \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi A2\/A4.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh si\u1ebft t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao li\u00ean t\u1ee5c; d\u00f9ng m\u00f4-men \u0111\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9.<br \/>\n&#8211; Khi d\u00f9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ea1ch, th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m ma s\u00e1t \u2013 nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn n\u00ean b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00f4-men si\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Tham kh\u1ea3o b\u1ea3ng m\u00f4-men c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo c\u1ea5p b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u1ee1 ren. Quy t\u1eafc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: m\u00f4-men m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u2248 70% t\u1ea3i ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a bulong.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u01b0u \u00fd: b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m m\u00f4-men c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft 15\u201325% so v\u1edbi ren kh\u00f4; n\u1ebfu gi\u1eef m\u00f4-men c\u0169 d\u1ec5 qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9t bulong.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u1eafp theo quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e9o (\u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng) v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t b\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<h3>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ecfng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t cao\/ven bi\u1ec3n: \u00ea-cu t\u1ef1 h\u00e3m kim lo\u1ea1i to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c \u00ea-cu m\u1eb7t b\u00edch r\u0103ng c\u01b0a.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n: \u00ea-cu Nyloc (DIN 985) + keo kh\u00f3a ren trung b\u00ecnh l\u1ef1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; Rung \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh: k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p hai gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p (\u00ea-cu t\u1ef1 h\u00e3m + keo) v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m ph\u1eb3ng Inox.<\/p>\n<h3>Tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n s\u1eaft v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5: \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9u\/lu\u1ed3n l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, s\u1ea1ch v\u1ee5n th\u00e9p.<br \/>\n&#8211; Sau l\u1eafp ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi: r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch b\u1ee5i s\u1eaft, xi m\u0103ng; duy tr\u00ec v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ven bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Passivation sau gia c\u00f4ng\/h\u00e0n gi\u00fap b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u1ed1 tr\u00e0.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-bang-kiem-chon-nhanh-checklist\">B\u1ea3ng ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ecdn nhanh (checklist)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: trong nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4 \/ ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba \/ \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \/ ven bi\u1ec3n \/ h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i \u2013 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \/ nhi\u1ec7t cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c Inox: 201 (ch\u1ec9 trong nh\u00e0) \/ 304 (\u0111a d\u1ee5ng) \/ 316 (\u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5p b\u1ec1n: A2-70\/A4-70 cho \u0111a s\u1ed1; A4-80 cho l\u1ef1c cao h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh: bulong (DIN 933\/931\/912\/7991) \u2013 \u1ed1c v\u00edt (m\u00e1y\/t\u1ef1 khoan) \u2013 \u00ea-cu (934\/985\/6923\/1587).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn ren: b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4 cho l\u1eafp r\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng; m\u1ecbn cho \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ecfng: Nyloc\/\u00ea-cu t\u1ef1 h\u00e3m\/keo kh\u00f3a ren; c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t\/UV\/h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1eafp: b\u00f4i m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng k\u1eb9t, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00fang c\u1ee1, si\u1ebft theo m\u00f4-men khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n khi gh\u00e9p kh\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m mu\u1ed1i (v\u00f2ng EPDM\/nh\u1ef1a).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u201ckh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd r\u1ec9\u201d? Kh\u00f4ng. 201\/304 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ed1\/r\u1ec9 nh\u1eb9 \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t; 316 ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00ec sao v\u00edt t\u1ef1 khoan Inox v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u0169i th\u00e9p? M\u0169i khoan c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao (410\/Th\u00e9p t\u00f4i); ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u\/m\u0169 l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng Inox \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sau l\u1eafp.<br \/>\n&#8211; A2-70 hay A4-70: ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1i n\u00e0o? Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba: A2-70 \u0111\u1ee7. Ven bi\u1ec3n\/Cl-: A4-70. A4-80 khi c\u1ea7n b\u1ec1n cao h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nyloc c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ven bi\u1ec3n? D\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd nylon gi\u1ea3m b\u1edfi UV\/h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t; cho m\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u00ea-cu t\u1ef1 h\u00e3m kim lo\u1ea1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; 201 c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m lan can ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi? Kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb; d\u1ec5 \u1ed1\/r\u1ec9, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u2013 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng \u2013 ven bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ecdn bulong, \u1ed1c v\u00edt, \u00ea-cu Inox ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5p b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng. Quy t\u1eafc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: 201 ch\u1ec9 cho trong nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4; 304 (A2-70) cho \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba; 316\/316L (A4-70\/A4-80) cho ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 chloride\/h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t chu\u1ea9n (ch\u1ed1ng k\u1eb9t ren, m\u00f4-men si\u1ebft ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ecfng) s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed1i gh\u00e9p b\u1ec1n, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ecdn bulong, \u1ed1c v\u00edt, \u00ea-cu Inox theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: 201\/304\/316, c\u1ea5p b\u1ec1n A2-70\/A4-80, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN\/ISO, m\u1eb9o l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ed1ng k\u1eb9t v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1040,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1237","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1237","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1237"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1237\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1040"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1237"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1237"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1237"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}