{"id":1241,"date":"2025-10-29T12:35:19","date_gmt":"2025-10-29T05:35:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/9-cach-phan-biet-phu-kien-inox-304-va-201-chuan-ky-thuat\/"},"modified":"2025-10-29T12:35:19","modified_gmt":"2025-10-29T05:35:19","slug":"9-cach-phan-biet-phu-kien-inox-304-va-201-chuan-ky-thuat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/9-cach-phan-biet-phu-kien-inox-304-va-201-chuan-ky-thuat\/","title":{"rendered":"9 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n Inox 304 v\u00e0 201 chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-vi-sao-304-va-201-de-bi-nham-lan\">V\u00ec sao 304 v\u00e0 201 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-dau-hieu-nhan-biet-nhanh-rui-ro-hang-gia\">D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nhanh r\u1ee7i ro h\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-10-phuong-phap-phan-biet-304-va-201-tu-de-den-chua\">10 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 304 v\u00e0 201 (t\u1eeb d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ebfn chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-so-sanh-ky-thuat-cot-loi-304-vs-201-tom-tat-ung-du\">So s\u00e1nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i 304 vs 201 (t\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-quy-trinh-kiem-tra-khi-nhap-hang-checklist-7-buoc\">Quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra khi nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng (checklist 7 b\u01b0\u1edbc)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-ghi-chu-phap-ly-tieu-chuan-nen-dua-vao-hop-dong\">Ghi ch\u00fa ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u2013 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-cac-nham-lan-pho-bien-can-tranh\">C\u00e1c nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-neu-lo-dung-201-o-vi-tri-amngoai-troi-khac-phuc-ta\">N\u1ebfu l\u1ee1 d\u00f9ng 201 \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u1ea9m\/ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi: kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-lua-chon-theo-moi-truong-tai-viet-nam-khuyen-nghi-\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb nhanh)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n Inox 304 hay 201 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, t\u1eeb h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t. Trong \u201cth\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n Inox\u201d, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 m\u00e1c th\u00e9p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n Inox 304 v\u1edbi 201 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh mua ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-vi-sao-304-va-201-de-bi-nham-lan\">V\u00ec sao 304 v\u00e0 201 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox 304: th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenitic 18\/8, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh Cr 18\u201320%, Ni 8\u201310.5%, Mn \u22642%, C \u22640.08%. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m: ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m; \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh sau h\u00e0n; b\u1ec1n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ven bi\u1ec3n\/\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1eb9.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 201: austenitic gi\u1ea3m Ni (Ni ~3.5\u20136.5%) b\u00f9 b\u1eb1ng Mn (5.5\u20137.5%) v\u00e0 N. Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 k\u00e9m h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 r\u1ed7 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chloride (g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda), ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00f4 trong nh\u00e0, trang tr\u00ed, chi ti\u1ebft \u00edt ch\u1ecbu \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n<p>L\u00fd do d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea7m:<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng\/BA\/HL 201 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1 gi\u1ed1ng 304.<br \/>\n&#8211; 201 th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n 25\u201360% (t\u00f9y th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m), d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u201c\u0111\u1ed9i l\u1ed1t\u201d 304 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng bi\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 th\u00e9p austenitic; th\u1eed nam ch\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n d\u1ec5 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn sai.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-dau-hieu-nhan-biet-nhanh-rui-ro-hang-gia\">D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nhanh r\u1ee7i ro h\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng so v\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng 304.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 MTC (Mill Test Certificate), CO\/CQ, ho\u1eb7c s\u1ed1 \u201cheat\u201d kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f9ng tr\u00ean bao b\u00ec\/tem.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1eadp\/kh\u1eafc \u201cSUS304\u201d m\u1edd, sai font, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 logo h\u00e3ng ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111i k\u00e8m.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e9p c\u1eaft\/weld x\u1ec9n v\u00e0ng n\u00e2u nhanh sau v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-10-phuong-phap-phan-biet-304-va-201-tu-de-den-chua\">10 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 304 v\u00e0 201 (t\u1eeb d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ebfn chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c)<\/h2>\n<h3>1) Gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd v\u00e0 truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c (b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u: CO\/CQ, MTC theo ASTM A240\/A666 (v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea5m) ho\u1eb7c ASTM A403\/ASME B16.9 (ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n h\u00e0n), ghi r\u00f5 m\u00e1c (304\/304L\/201), th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m: s\u1ed1 heat tr\u00ean MTC ph\u1ea3i tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 d\u1eadp\/tem tr\u00ean t\u1eebng ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u tr\u00ean b\u00f3\/h\u1ed9p.<\/p>\n<h3>2) D\u1ea5u d\u1eadp\/kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra: m\u00e1c th\u00e9p (201\/304\/304L), ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (ASTM\/DIN), k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, logo nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u01b0u \u00fd: nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 in \u201cSUS304\u201d tr\u00ean m\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7\/tem d\u00e1n, kh\u00f4ng d\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean ph\u00f4i.<\/p>\n<h3>3) Ki\u1ec3m tra k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u2013 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n 201 gi\u1ea3 304 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u201c\u0103n m\u1ecfng\u201d th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eb7p \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, c\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111o c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng; so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft.<br \/>\n&#8211; G\u1ee3i \u00fd nhanh: v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, 201 c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng ~7.80 g\/cm3, 304 ~7.93 g\/cm3; ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf (~1\u20132%), nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c sai m\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3>4) Nam ch\u00e2m: ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p \u201cs\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc\u201d, kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 304 \u1ee7 m\u1ec1m g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m; sau gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i\/h\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00fat nh\u1eb9.<br \/>\n&#8211; 201 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n do th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n Mn cao v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ngu\u1ed9i.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: n\u1ebfu h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft, nghi ng\u1edd 201; nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng nam ch\u00e2m l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h3>5) Th\u1eed axit nh\u1eb9 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 (c\u00f3 PPE, th\u1eed ch\u1ea5m nh\u1ecf)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5: dung d\u1ecbch HNO3 10\u201320% ho\u1eb7c HCl 10%, t\u0103m b\u00f4ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch, dung d\u1ecbch trung h\u00f2a (NaHCO3).<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m: ch\u1ea5m r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed khu\u1ea5t trong 30\u201360 gi\u00e2y, r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, trung h\u00f2a.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tham kh\u1ea3o: 304 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u v\u1edbi HNO3 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n; 201 d\u1ec5 s\u1ea1m n\u00e2u\/v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 b\u1ecdt nh\u1eb9. V\u1edbi HCl, 201 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh h\u01a1n 304. L\u01b0u \u00fd: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9.<\/p>\n<h3>6) Th\u1eed Nickel b\u1eb1ng DMG (dimethylglyoxime)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch: nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nhanh h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ni th\u1ea5p\/ cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00e1ch: ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1eed b\u1eb1ng 1 gi\u1ecdt dung d\u1ecbch amoniac lo\u00e3ng + ch\u1ea5m DMG; n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n, k\u00edch th\u00edch h\u00f2a tan Ni b\u1eb1ng 1 gi\u1ecdt axit y\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i r\u1eeda nhanh; 304 (Ni ~8\u201310.5%) cho m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng\/\u0111\u1ecf r\u00f5 h\u01a1n; 201 (Ni ~3.5\u20136.5%) cho m\u00e0u r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1t\/kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<h3>7) Quan s\u00e1t v\u00f9ng h\u00e0n\/m\u00e0i v\u00e0 th\u1eed phun mu\u1ed1i nhanh<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 201 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u, r\u1ed7 nh\u1eb9 \u1edf v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh h\u01a1n 304 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c phun s\u01b0\u01a1ng NaCl 3\u20135% trong 24\u201348h.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e9p th\u1eed ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<h3>8) \u0110o \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng\/\u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 201 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n (\u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n) n\u00ean kh\u00f3 gia c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n; d\u00f9ng b\u00fat \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y \u0111o c\u1ea7m tay \u0111\u1ec3 so l\u00f4.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i gia c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<h3>9) PMI b\u1eb1ng XRF (chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c, khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; M\u00e1y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch hu\u1ef3nh quang tia X c\u1ea7m tay \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp %Cr, %Ni, %Mn.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nhanh: 304 th\u01b0\u1eddng Ni \u22658%, Mn th\u1ea5p; 201 Ni th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n r\u00f5, Mn cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng: ki\u1ec3m tra 5\u201310% ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean\/\u0111\u1ee3t nh\u1eadp, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c ch\u1ecbu \u0103n m\u00f2n\/\u00e1p l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<h3>10) So s\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u2013 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 304 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n 201. N\u1ebfu b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 \u201c304\u201d th\u1ea5p g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng 201, c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00eam b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng (MTC, PMI).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-so-sanh-ky-thuat-cot-loi-304-vs-201-tom-tat-ung-du\">So s\u00e1nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i 304 vs 201 (t\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304: t\u1ed1t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m, m\u01b0a axit nh\u1eb9, nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4, trong nh\u00e0; kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho ven bi\u1ec3n, khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, b\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea9m.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n v\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304: \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u00edt n\u1ee9t sau h\u00e0n, d\u1ec5 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: d\u1ec5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u nhanh sau h\u00e0n n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00fd\/passivation.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng g\u1ee3i \u00fd:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304: ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, clamp, co\u2013t\u00ea\u2013c\u00fat theo ASTM\/DIN, b\u1ea3n l\u1ec1\u2013tay n\u1eafm ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, bulong\u2013\u1ed1c v\u00edt ch\u1ecbu \u1ea9m, h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m (\u01b0u ti\u00ean 304\/316).<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: thanh trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, khung k\u1ec7 trong nh\u00e0, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n \u00edt ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac n\u01b0\u1edbc\/h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-quy-trinh-kiem-tra-khi-nhap-hang-checklist-7-buoc\">Quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra khi nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng (checklist 7 b\u01b0\u1edbc)<\/h2>\n<p>1) Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 ghi r\u00f5 m\u00e1c, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (ASTM\/DIN), b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (2B\/BA\/HL), dung sai \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9.<br \/>\n2) Nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng: \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu CO\/CQ, MTC; ki\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 heat\/lot tr\u00f9ng tr\u00ean tem\/d\u1ea5u d\u1eadp.<br \/>\n3) \u0110o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng; so v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 chu\u1ea9n; ki\u1ec3m 100% c\u00e1c k\u00edch c\u1ee1 quan tr\u1ecdng.<br \/>\n4) Th\u1eed nam ch\u00e2m s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc; t\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m tra chi ti\u1ebft h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh.<br \/>\n5) Th\u1eed nhanh DMG\/Ni ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5m HNO3 \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed khu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00f4 nghi ng\u1edd (PPE \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7).<br \/>\n6) PMI XRF t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 5\u201310% s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c quan tr\u1ecdng\/ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\/ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac n\u01b0\u1edbc.<br \/>\n7) L\u1eadp bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n, ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh, ni\u00eam phong m\u1eabu l\u01b0u; ch\u1ec9 nghi\u1ec7m thu sau khi \u0111\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-ghi-chu-phap-ly-tieu-chuan-nen-dua-vao-hop-dong\">Ghi ch\u00fa ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u2013 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u MTC theo ASTM A240\/A666 (v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea5m\/d\u1ea3i) ho\u1eb7c ASTM A403\/ASME B16.9 (ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n h\u00e0n), ghi r\u00f5 304\/304L; kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn 201 cho h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng\/ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\/n\u01b0\u1edbc\/\u1ea9m.<br \/>\n&#8211; Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201ckh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d tr\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n sau khi PMI \u0111\u1ea1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n: n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n sai m\u00e1c, nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ecbu chi ph\u00ed thay th\u1ebf, PMI \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i li\u00ean quan.<br \/>\n&#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eadp m\u00e1c\/heat number tr\u00ean t\u1eebng ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n (khi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc cho ph\u00e9p).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-cac-nham-lan-pho-bien-can-tranh\">C\u00e1c nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn m\u00e1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tin v\u00e0o ch\u1eef \u201cSUS304\u201d in tr\u00ean m\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7\/tem r\u1eddi.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ecf qua \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u1ef1c; 201 m\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201c\u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi\u201d th\u00e0nh 304 v\u1ec1 c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng 201 cho khu v\u1ef1c ven bi\u1ec3n, b\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, b\u00e3i \u0111\u1ed7 xe h\u1edf, m\u00e1i hi\u00ean m\u01b0a t\u1ea1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00f9ng h\u00e0n\/m\u00e9p c\u1eaft \u2013 n\u01a1i d\u1ec5 l\u1ed9 m\u00e1c th\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-neu-lo-dung-201-o-vi-tri-amngoai-troi-khac-phuc-ta\">N\u1ebfu l\u1ee1 d\u00f9ng 201 \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u1ea9m\/ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi: kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch \u2013 passivation b\u1eb1ng gel HNO3\/HF chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng (theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn an to\u00e0n).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u1ee7 s\u01a1n trong su\u1ed1t ch\u1ecbu th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft\/clear coat; b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<br \/>\n&#8211; Theo d\u00f5i r\u1ed7 g\u1ec9; l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng 304\/316 khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-lua-chon-theo-moi-truong-tai-viet-nam-khuyen-nghi-\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb nhanh)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; N\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, trung t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i: 201 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho chi ti\u1ebft trang tr\u00ed \u00edt ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tay \u01b0\u1edbt\/h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc (\u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao, m\u01b0a axit nh\u1eb9): \u01b0u ti\u00ean 304 cho tay n\u1eafm, b\u1ea3n l\u1ec1, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t d\u1ef1ng, lan can, m\u00e1i che.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ven bi\u1ec3n (Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, Nha Trang): t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 304; v\u1edbi h\u01a1i mu\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp\/\u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc 316.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, d\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u01b0\u1edbc: d\u00f9ng 304\/316 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec7 sinh; kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng 201.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n Inox 304 v\u00e0 201 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u201cm\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d hay nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb. H\u00e3y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chu\u1ed7i x\u00e1c minh 3 l\u1edbp: gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd \u2013 th\u1eed nhanh t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 \u2013 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh PMI khi c\u1ea7n. Ghi r\u00f5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, ki\u1ec3m tra k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc\u2013tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00f9ng h\u00e0n\/m\u00e9p c\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 \u201cqu\u00e1 r\u1ebb\u201d. Quy t\u1eafc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: 304 cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m\/ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\/th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m; 201 cho n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, trang tr\u00ed. L\u00e0m \u0111\u00fang t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u mua s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 sau.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n Inox 304 v\u00e0 201: 10 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, tr\u00e1nh h\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3, ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang cho t\u1eebng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1031,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1241","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1241","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1241"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1241\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1031"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1241"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1241"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1241"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}