{"id":1328,"date":"2025-11-19T00:34:45","date_gmt":"2025-11-18T17:34:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/ung-dung-inox-duplex-va-super-duplex-trong-khai-thac-dau-khi\/"},"modified":"2025-11-19T00:34:45","modified_gmt":"2025-11-18T17:34:45","slug":"ung-dung-inox-duplex-va-super-duplex-trong-khai-thac-dau-khi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/ung-dung-inox-duplex-va-super-duplex-trong-khai-thac-dau-khi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng Inox Duplex v\u00e0 Super Duplex trong khai th\u00e1c d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-inox-duplex-va-super-duplex-la-gi-thanh-phan-co-ti\">Inox Duplex v\u00e0 Super Duplex l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u2013 c\u01a1 t\u00ednh \u2013 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-tai-sao-dau-khi-uu-tien-duplexsuper-duplex\">T\u1ea1i sao d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed \u01b0u ti\u00ean Duplex\/Super Duplex?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-cac-ung-dung-cu-the-trong-chuoi-dau-khi\">C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong chu\u1ed7i d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-chon-mac-duplexsuper-duplex-theo-moi-truong-van-ha\">Ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c Duplex\/Super Duplex theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-tieu-chuan-vat-lieu-thiet-ke-va-danh-gia-an-mon\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-gia-cong-han-va-kiem-soat-chat-luong-diem-mau-chot\">Gia c\u00f4ng, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-rui-ro-va-gioi-han-can-luu-y\">R\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-minh-hoa-ung-dung-thuc-te-tom-tat\">Minh h\u1ecda \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (t\u00f3m t\u1eaft)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-chi-phi-vong-doi-lcc-va-loi-ich-kinh-te\">Chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (LCC) v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-goi-y-ton-khodat-hang-tai-viet-nam\">G\u1ee3i \u00fd t\u1ed3n kho\/\u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-nguon-tham-khao-khuyen-nghi\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-11-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Inox Duplex v\u00e0 Super Duplex l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed nh\u1edd ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n clorua v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, ch\u1ecbu H2S\/CO2 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng topside, subsea v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh gh\u00e9p quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ee9c tranh \u201cInox trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng\u201d v\u00ec d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t s\u00e2u v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-inox-duplex-va-super-duplex-la-gi-thanh-phan-co-ti\">Inox Duplex v\u00e0 Super Duplex l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u2013 c\u01a1 t\u00ednh \u2013 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac: Song pha austenite + ferrite (~50\/50), k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo c\u1ee7a austenite v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n\/kh\u00e1ng SCC c\u1ee7a ferrite.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00e1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Duplex 22Cr: UNS S31803\/S32205 (th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi 2205).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Super Duplex 25Cr: UNS S32750 (2507), UNS S32760 (Zeron 100).<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 (PREN \u2013 Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number):<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316L: ~24.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 2205: ~34\u201336.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 2507\/S32760: \u226540 (th\u01b0\u1eddng 40\u201345).<br \/>\n  PREN cao h\u01a1n \u2192 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7\/\u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua [Outokumpu Duplex Handbook; IMOA].<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u01a1 t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh (\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng):<br \/>\n  &#8211; 2205: Rp0.2 ~450\u2013550 MPa; Rm ~620\u2013800 MPa; \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i ~25\u201330%.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 2507: Rp0.2 ~550\u2013650 MPa; Rm ~780\u2013980 MPa; \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i ~25%.<br \/>\n  So v\u1edbi 316L (Rp0.2 ~220\u2013240 MPa), Duplex\/Super Duplex cho c\u00f9ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y\/th\u00e9p n\u1eb7ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; R\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng SCC do clorua (so v\u1edbi austenit 300 series).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Kh\u00e1ng CO2\/\u201dsweet corrosion\u201d; kh\u00e1ng H2S\/sour service c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n theo NACE MR0175\/ISO 15156.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed1t n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u01a1m \u00e9p bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e0u clorua; Super Duplex \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 k\u1ebd h\u1edf.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-tai-sao-dau-khi-uu-tien-duplexsuper-duplex\">T\u1ea1i sao d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed \u01b0u ti\u00ean Duplex\/Super Duplex?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 b\u1ec1n\/tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao: gi\u1ea3m 20\u201340% kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng so v\u1edbi 316L ho\u1eb7c 6\u20139%Cr, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf topside\/FPSO.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n: pitting\/crevice trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, Erosion\u2013corrosion khi c\u00f3 c\u00e1t, SCC clorua \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, MIC.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (LCC): th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n h\u1ee3p kim Ni cao (Alloy 625\/825) v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m l\u1edbn so v\u1edbi carbon steel + \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf + ph\u1ee7 trong d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n\/produced water ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u00ednh s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: \u1ed1ng\/\u1ed1ng ch\u00f9m, t\u1ea5m, thanh, m\u1eb7t b\u00edch, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM\/ASME\/API ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-cac-ung-dung-cu-the-trong-chuoi-dau-khi\">C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong chu\u1ed7i d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed<\/h2>\n<h3>Topside (gi\u00e0n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, FPSO, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Piping &#038; manifolds cho n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n: h\u1ec7 b\u01a1m c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa (firewater), l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eed kh\u00ed\/kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng; 2205 cho \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00e1t\/kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebd h\u1edf, 2507 khi c\u00f3 k\u1ebd h\u1edf\/nhi\u1ec7t cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; Produced water &#038; water injection: 2507\/S32760 \u01b0u th\u1ebf khi Cl- cao, oxy v\u1ebft, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng; gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro r\u1ed7 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i gh\u00e9p\/m\u1eb7t b\u00edch.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u00ecnh \u00e1p l\u1ef1c\/thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t: \u1ed1ng ch\u00f9m 2205\/2507 ch\u1ed1ng x\u00f3i m\u00f2n r\u1ed7 do d\u00f2ng r\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1t m\u1ecbn; v\u1ecf\/\u1ed1ng theo ASME VIII.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a\/khay t\u00e1ch: ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, amine c\u00f3 clorua v\u1ebft; c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc 2205 thay 316L \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh SCC.<\/p>\n<h3>Subsea (d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u1ea7m)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u1ed0ng m\u1ec1m\/umbilical tubes: 2507\/S32750 cho \u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c\/ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c km ch\u1ecbu CP (cathodic protection).<br \/>\n&#8211; Xmas tree, manifolds, valves, chokes: th\u00e2n\/\u0111\u0129a t\u1eeb F53\/F55 (A182) v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fac A995 5A\/6A; kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao, kh\u00e1ng r\u1ed7 k\u1ebd \u1edf gasket\/seat.<br \/>\n&#8211; Riser\/flowline clad: \u1ed1ng clad\/lined b\u1eb1ng 2205\/2507 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng chi ph\u00ed\u2013hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cho CO2\/H2S\/Cl-.<br \/>\n&#8211; Sand control screens: l\u01b0\u1edbi S32750\/S32760 t\u0103ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd trong d\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1t v\u00e0 clorua.<\/p>\n<h3>Wellstream\/\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u1ed0ng \u0111\u00fac\/h\u00e0n A790 (S32205\/S32750) cho CO2 cao, Cl- cao, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh; thay th\u1ebf carbon steel + \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf khi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 tin c\u1eady.<br \/>\n&#8211; Spools, spools spools v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n A815\/A182 (F51\/F53\/F55) cho l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t nhanh \u1edf yard ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-chon-mac-duplexsuper-duplex-theo-moi-truong-van-ha\">Ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c Duplex\/Super Duplex theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n s\u1ea1ch, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p\u2013trung b\u00ecnh, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf k\u1ebd h\u1edf: 2205 \u0111\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n; d\u00f9ng m\u1eb7t b\u00edch gasket ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh k\u1ebd h\u1edf k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u1ea5m\/oxy h\u00f3a, c\u00f3 k\u1ebd h\u1edf\/t\u00edch t\u1ee5: Super Duplex (2507\/S32760) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng CPT v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng crevice.<br \/>\n&#8211; Produced water nhi\u1ec1u clorua, c\u00f3 oxy v\u1ebft: \u01b0u ti\u00ean Super Duplex; n\u1ebfu kh\u1eed oxy \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, 2205 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee7.<br \/>\n&#8211; Sour service (H2S): x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn theo NACE MR0175\/ISO 15156 ph\u1ea7n 3; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bi\u00ean (H2S cao, T cao) c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc h\u1ee3p kim Ni.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9: tr\u00e1nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i >250\u2013300\u00b0C v\u00ec nguy c\u01a1 pha sigma v\u00e0 gi\u00f2n; s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t \u1edf -50 \u0111\u1ebfn ~250\u00b0C.<\/p>\n<h3>So s\u00e1nh nhanh hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng\u2013chi ph\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 316L: r\u1ee7i ro SCC v\u00e0 r\u1ed7 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n; th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 nh\u1eb9.<br \/>\n&#8211; 2205: \u201cx\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng\u201d cho n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n\/produced water trung b\u00ecnh; PREN ~35; gi\u00e1\/hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; 2507\/S32760: cho n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, k\u1ebd h\u1edf, nhi\u1ec7t cao; PREN \u226540; hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng g\u1ea7n 6Mo nh\u01b0ng chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n h\u1ee3p kim Ni cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ee3p kim Ni (625\/825\/6Mo): d\u00f9ng cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan (axit, T cao, H2S r\u1ea5t cao); chi ph\u00ed cao.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-tieu-chuan-vat-lieu-thiet-ke-va-danh-gia-an-mon\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u:<br \/>\n  &#8211; T\u1ea5m: ASTM A240 (S32205, S32750, S32760).<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ed0ng: ASTM A790 (\u1ed1ng), ASTM A789 (\u1ed1ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t), ASTM A928 (\u1ed1ng h\u00e0n v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1n).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Thanh: ASTM A276\/A479.<br \/>\n  &#8211; M\u1eb7t b\u00edch\/chi ti\u1ebft r\u00e8n: ASTM A182 F51 (2205), F53 (S32750), F55 (S32760).<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110\u00fac: ASTM A995 4A\/5A\/6A.<br \/>\n&#8211; Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf\/\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng: DNV-ST-F101 (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i); ASME B31.3 (process piping).<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed: ISO 21457 (l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u &#038; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0103n m\u00f2n); NORSOK M-630 (MDS cho CRA), M-601 (h\u00e0n).<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u00f9ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng H2S: NACE MR0175\/ISO 15156 (\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7\/k\u1ebd: ASTM G48 (th\u1eed pitting\/crevice); \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 pha li\u00ean kim: ASTM A923.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-gia-cong-han-va-kiem-soat-chat-luong-diem-mau-chot\">Gia c\u00f4ng, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; H\u00e0n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o: kho\u1ea3ng 0.5\u20132.5 kJ\/mm; nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee3t <150\u00b0C \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh pha sigma.\n  - Que\/l\u00f5i h\u00e0n: ER2209 cho 2205; ER2594 ho\u1eb7c Ni-base (ERNiCrMo-3) cho Super Duplex ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n d\u1ecb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.\n  - T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ferrite sau h\u00e0n: m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau 30\u201360% (d\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u01b0\u1eddng 25\u201370% theo th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7\/NORSOK).\n- X\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t:\n  - T\u1ea9y g\u1ec9\u2013th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p HNO3\/HF theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t; l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch mu\u1ed1i clorua sau th\u1ee7y th\u1eed.\n- Ki\u1ec3m tra:\n  - PMI\/XRF x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e1c v\u00e0 Mo\/Ni.\n  - Ferritescope ki\u1ec3m tra % ferrite t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec7t.\n  - ASTM A923 (ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n pha li\u00ean kim), G48 (\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 pitting).\n  - NDT: RT\/UT\/PAUT\/MT\/PT theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\n- V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ban \u0111\u1ea7u:\n  - Th\u1ee7y th\u1eed b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 Cl- th\u1ea5p; n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, b\u1ed5 sung biocide\/inhibitor v\u00e0 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ngay sau th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh r\u1ed7 kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t.\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-rui-ro-va-gioi-han-can-luu-y\">R\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n (>250\u2013300\u00b0C): nguy c\u01a1 pha sigma \u2192 gi\u00f2n\/gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 dai; tr\u00e1nh.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0102n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd: v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n n\u00f3ng v\u1edbi k\u1ebd h\u1edf k\u00e9o d\u00e0i; d\u00f9ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng k\u1ebd, ch\u1ecdn Super Duplex khi c\u1ea7n.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t: m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng axit m\u1ea1nh, halogen oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ee3p kim Ni.<br \/>\n&#8211; Cathodic protection subsea: ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ee9c CP \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf hydro-induced cracking \u1edf chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; MIC: qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi sinh (SRB) v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng\/b\u1ed3n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong produced water.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-minh-hoa-ung-dung-thuc-te-tom-tat\">Minh h\u1ecda \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (t\u00f3m t\u1eaft)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; FPSO \u2013 h\u1ec7 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa: thay 316L b\u1eb1ng 2507 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t b\u00edch\/gio\u0103ng nh\u1ea1y k\u1ebd h\u1edf \u2192 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf r\u1ed7 k\u1ebd sau >10 n\u0103m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh; gi\u1ea3m d\u1eebng m\u00e1y ngo\u00e0i k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.<br \/>\n&#8211; Subsea umbilicals: \u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng 2507 gi\u00fap ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p su\u1ea5t\/CP v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i >20 km, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 r\u1ed7 do clorua so v\u1edbi 316L.<br \/>\n&#8211; Produced water piping b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n: 2205 cho ph\u00e9p gi\u1ea3m chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y 20\u201330% so v\u1edbi 316L, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e0n v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-chi-phi-vong-doi-lcc-va-loi-ich-kinh-te\">Chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (LCC) v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Capex v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: 2205 \u2248 1.5\u20132.0\u00d7 316L; 2507 \u2248 2.0\u20133.0\u00d7 316L; h\u1ee3p kim Ni c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 4\u20136\u00d7.<br \/>\n&#8211; Opex: gi\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n, gi\u1ea3m ki\u1ec3m tra\/s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa do r\u1ed7\/SCC \u2192 LCC th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n carbon steel + inhibitor khi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n\/Cl- cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u1ee3i \u00edch gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp: nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n \u2192 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i topside, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u\/v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-goi-y-ton-khodat-hang-tai-viet-nam\">G\u1ee3i \u00fd t\u1ed3n kho\/\u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u1ed0ng A790 S32205\/S32750 c\u00e1c SCH 10S\u201380S; \u1ed1ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t A789.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ea5m A240 2205\/2507 d\u00e0y 3\u201340 mm cho b\u00ecnh \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u.<br \/>\n&#8211; Thanh A276 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n A815; m\u1eb7t b\u00edch A182 F51\/F53\/F55.<br \/>\n&#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00e8m: PMI, ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 3.1\/3.2, G48, A923, ferrite report; \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng theo NORSOK\/ISO\/ASME c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-nguon-tham-khao-khuyen-nghi\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Outokumpu. Duplex Stainless Steel Handbook. https:\/\/www.outokumpu.com\/duplex<br \/>\n&#8211; NACE MR0175\/ISO 15156. Petroleum and natural gas industries \u2014 Materials for use in H2S-containing environments.<br \/>\n&#8211; ISO 21457. Materials selection and corrosion control for oil and gas production systems.<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM A240\/A276\/A789\/A790\/A928, ASTM A923, ASTM G48. https:\/\/www.astm.org<br \/>\n&#8211; NORSOK M-630 (MDS for CRA), M-601 (Welding). https:\/\/www.standard.no<br \/>\n&#8211; DNV-ST-F101 Submarine Pipeline Systems. https:\/\/www.dnv.com<br \/>\n&#8211; Alleima (Sandvik) datasheets for 2205\/2507. https:\/\/www.alleima.com<br \/>\n&#8211; IMOA (International Molybdenum Association) technical papers on PREN and seawater service. https:\/\/www.imoa.info<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-11-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Inox Duplex (2205) v\u00e0 Super Duplex (2507\/S32760) l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 gi\u1eefa kh\u00e1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n clorua, ch\u1ecbu H2S\/CO2 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t cao. 2205 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0m \u201cng\u1ef1a th\u1ed3\u201d cho n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n\/produced water m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c topside; Super Duplex l\u00e0 \u201cl\u00e1 ch\u1eafn\u201d cho n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, k\u1ebd h\u1edf v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft subsea quan tr\u1ecdng. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u theo ISO 21457 v\u00e0 NACE MR0175, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u00e0n\/b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t theo NORSOK\/ASTM, Duplex\/Super Duplex gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro r\u1ed7\/k\u1ebd v\u00e0 SCC, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi so v\u1edbi 316L, carbon steel + inhibitor, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p so v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p kim Ni.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 nhanh cho \u1ed1ng\/t\u1ea5m\/ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n Duplex &#038; Super Duplex? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t:<br \/>\n&#8211; Hotline: 0343.417.281<br \/>\n&#8211; Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 inox Duplex\/Super Duplex cho d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed: \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, m\u00e1c th\u00e9p, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng topside, subsea.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1065,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1328","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1328","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1328"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1328\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1065"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1328"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1328"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1328"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}