{"id":1340,"date":"2025-11-22T00:34:07","date_gmt":"2025-11-21T17:34:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-cho-he-xu-ly-khi-thai-nuoc-thai-chon-mac-va-thiet-ke-toi-uu\/"},"modified":"2025-11-22T00:34:07","modified_gmt":"2025-11-21T17:34:07","slug":"inox-cho-he-xu-ly-khi-thai-nuoc-thai-chon-mac-va-thiet-ke-toi-uu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-cho-he-xu-ly-khi-thai-nuoc-thai-chon-mac-va-thiet-ke-toi-uu\/","title":{"rendered":"Inox cho h\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i, n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i: ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u01b0u"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-tai-sao-inox-la-vat-lieu-chu-dao-trong-xu-ly-khi-v\">T\u1ea1i sao inox l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o trong x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-dac-tinh-moi-truong-an-mon-trong-thuc-te\">\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-lua-chon-mac-inox-theo-moi-truong-nguyen-tac-va-kh\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c inox theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-dang-vat-tu-va-tieu-chuan-ap-dung\">D\u1ea1ng v\u1eadt t\u01b0 v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-thiet-ke-han-va-hoan-thien-be-mat-quyet-dinh-50-tu\">Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh 50% tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-bao-tri-va-kiem-dinh\">B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-so-sanh-chi-phi-vong-doi-vi-du-tham-khao\">So s\u00e1nh chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tham kh\u1ea3o)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-nhung-loi-thuong-gap-va-cach-tranh\">Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-vi-du-ung-dung-tai-viet-nam-dien-hinh\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (\u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-tuan-thu-quy-chuan-va-ho-so-ky-thuat\">Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-tu-van-va-cung-ung-tai-ha-noi\">T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 cung \u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-11-tai-lieu-tham-khao\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng (h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u), h\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. \u1ede trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u inox (th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9). B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c inox, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u2013 gia c\u00f4ng \u2013 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-tai-sao-inox-la-vat-lieu-chu-dao-trong-xu-ly-khi-v\">T\u1ea1i sao inox l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o trong x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: ch\u1ecbu axit (H2SO4, HCl lo\u00e3ng), clorua, CO2\/H2S, MIC (\u0103n m\u00f2n do vi sinh), ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 axit \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f3i.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ec5 v\u1ec7 sinh, \u00edt b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n: b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng Cr2O3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u00edch t\u1ee5 c\u1eb7n v\u00e0 vi sinh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao, gi\u1ea3m b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y: \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi duplex (2205\/2507), cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eb9 h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1.<br \/>\n&#8211; An to\u00e0n quy chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng: ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n, d\u1ec5 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng QCVN v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed \u2013 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-dac-tinh-moi-truong-an-mon-trong-thuc-te\">\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<h3>Kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i \u01b0\u1edbt (Wet FGD, quench, venturi scrubber)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc: SO2\/SO3, HCl, HF, Cl- h\u00f2a tan (t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n hay tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n), b\u00f9n CaSO3\/CaSO4.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n: pH 1\u20135 (c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9), Cl- 5.000\u201330.000 ppm (th\u1eadm ch\u00ed cao h\u01a1n \u1edf v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n), T 40\u201370\u00b0C; s\u1ee5c kh\u00ed m\u1ea1nh g\u00e2y x\u00f3i m\u00f2n \u2013 \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1ecb tr\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro: th\u00e2n th\u00e1p h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5, khay ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch s\u01b0\u01a1ng (mist eliminator), \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n\/slurry, v\u00f9ng m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng, c\u1eeda ng\u01b0\u1eddi chui, m\u1ed1i gh\u00e9p b\u00edch \u2013 gio\u0103ng.<\/p>\n<h3>Kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i kh\u00f4\/\u0111a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (DeNOx, \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i, \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u01b0\u01a1ng axit)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 H2SO4 \u1edf 120\u2013160\u00b0C g\u00e2y \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u01b0\u01a1ng axit t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, ch\u00e2n \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i, bypass.<br \/>\n&#8211; Clo\/fluor v\u1ebft v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i \u1ea9m t\u1ea1o khe h\u1edf \u1ea9m \u2013 n\u00f3ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y r\u1ed7\/\u0103n k\u1ebd (pitting\/crevice).<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1ea7n ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eb5n, tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ed1ng CUI (\u0103n m\u00f2n d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea3o \u00f4n do ion Cl-).<\/p>\n<h3>N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n: Cl- (t\u1eeb 50\u2013>20.000 ppm), H2S\/NH4+, axit\/ki\u1ec1m, ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a (NaOCl), SS v\u00e0 b\u00f9n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh m\u00e0i m\u00f2n.<br \/>\n&#8211; MIC: vi khu\u1ea9n SRB t\u1ea1o H2S, g\u00e2y \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00f9ng k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2n b\u1ed3n, khe gh\u00e9p, khu v\u1ef1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u1eadm.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1ecb tr\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro: song ch\u1eafn r\u00e1c, b\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a \u2013 khu\u1ea5y tr\u1ed9n, b\u1ec3 aerotank\/MBR, b\u1ec3 l\u1eafng \u2013 \u1ed1ng siphon, h\u1ec7 thu gom b\u00f9n, c\u1ee5m h\u00f3a l\u00fd (pH\/keo t\u1ee5), x\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1y, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ch\u00f4n ng\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-lua-chon-mac-inox-theo-moi-truong-nguyen-tac-va-kh\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c inox theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Xem PREN (Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number) \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7: PREN \u2248 %Cr + 3.3\u00d7%Mo + 16\u00d7%N.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304L: PREN ~18\u201319<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316L: ~24\u201325<br \/>\n  &#8211; 904L: ~34\u201336<br \/>\n  &#8211; Duplex 2205: ~34\u201336<br \/>\n  &#8211; 254SMO (UNS S31254): ~42\u201345<br \/>\n  &#8211; Super duplex 2507: ~40\u201343<br \/>\n&#8211; Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng clorua v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh theo pH, oxy, v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c):<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304L: n\u01b0\u1edbc <200 ppm Cl-, T \u2264 25\u00b0C; kh\u00ed kh\u00f4\/kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 axit.\n  - 316L: \u0111\u1ebfn ~1.000 ppm Cl- \u1edf \u2264 25\u00b0C; ho\u1eb7c 200\u2013300 ppm \u1edf 40\u201350\u00b0C.\n  - 2205: \u0111\u1ebfn ~20.000 ppm Cl- \u1edf \u2264 25\u00b0C; t\u1ed1t t\u1edbi 60\u201370\u00b0C n\u1ebfu pH trung t\u00ednh v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ee7.\n  - 254SMO\/2507: m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n\/FGD c\u00f3 Cl- r\u1ea5t cao, pH th\u1ea5p, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng; v\u00f9ng m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc dao \u0111\u1ed9ng.\n- L\u01b0u \u00fd: 904L v\u00e0 2205 c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng (PREN ~35) nh\u01b0ng 2205 b\u1ec1n SCC (n\u1ee9t \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n; 904L c\u00f3 h\u00e0n d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.\n\n\n\n<h3>Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb nhanh theo h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00e1p h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 FGD, t\u1ea5m h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng, tray, mist eliminator:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Duplex 2205 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kinh t\u1ebf \u2013 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn; 254SMO\/2507 cho Cl- r\u1ea5t cao\/pH th\u1ea5p.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n slurry, b\u01a1m \u2013 van:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 2205 (gi\u1ea3m b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y nh\u1edd c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9), l\u00f3t cao su\/ceramic t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c m\u00e0i m\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng kh\u00f3i, v\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u01b0\u01a1ng axit, quench:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316L\/317L n\u1ebfu t\u1ea3i Cl- th\u1ea5p; 904L\/2205 \u1edf t\u1ea3i Cl- trung b\u00ecnh; h\u1ee3p kim si\u00eau austenit\/ni n\u1ec1n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 625) khi H2SO4 \u0111\u1eb7c\/ nhi\u1ec7t cao b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ec7 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i chung nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304L: n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00edt clorua, khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, chi ti\u1ebft ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316L: b\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, van \u2013 b\u00edch n\u01a1i Cl- th\u1ea5p\/trung b\u00ecnh.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 2205: v\u00f9ng k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed, m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, Cl- cao, khu v\u1ef1c MIC nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 2507\/254SMO: n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, x\u1ea3 ven bi\u1ec3n, RO\/UF ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-dang-vat-tu-va-tieu-chuan-ap-dung\">D\u1ea1ng v\u1eadt t\u01b0 v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea5m\/coil\/plate: ASTM A240\/ASME SA-240 (304L\/316L\/904L\/2205\/2507\/254SMO).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n \u2013 \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00fac: ASTM A312 (austenit\/duplex); ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n: ASTM A403; m\u1eb7t b\u00edch: ASTM A182.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng vi sinh\/\u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u1ec7 sinh cao: ASTM A270; b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t No. 2B\/BA, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng theo ASTM A380 (l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch) v\u00e0 ASTM A967 (th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh: ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u EN 10204 3.1; PMI ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n; th\u1eed Ferrite cho m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n duplex.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-thiet-ke-han-va-hoan-thien-be-mat-quyet-dinh-50-tu\">Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh 50% tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng khe: tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ed3ng m\u00ed, khe h\u1edf; \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0n k\u00edn; d\u1ed1c tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u2265 1\u20132%; b\u00e1n k\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3n \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ecdng b\u1ea9n.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a: t\u00e1ch inox v\u1edbi th\u00e9p carbon\/\u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, bu l\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng m\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, gio\u0103ng PTFE\/EPDM kh\u00e1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t; tr\u00e1nh gio\u0103ng ch\u1ee9a Cl- d\u1ec5 r\u1ed7 k\u1ebd.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ed1ng CUI: ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea3o \u00f4n \u00edt Cl-, l\u1edbp v\u1ecf k\u00edn n\u01b0\u1edbc, tho\u00e1t \u1ea9m; ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<br \/>\n&#8211; Quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u00f9ng que\/d\u00e2y h\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p: ER308L\/309L cho 304L; ER316L cho 316L; ER2209 cho duplex 2205; gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t gian \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n (interpass) th\u1ea5p, \u2264 150\u00b0C v\u1edbi duplex.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf heat tint, t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 \u2013 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n\/b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t g\u1ea7n m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n (ASTM A380\/A967); kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0u r\u01a1m\/xanh t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00ec l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n Fe: d\u00f9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ri\u00eang cho inox; ch\u1ed5i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9; kh\u00f4ng phun c\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9a s\u1eaft.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: No. 2B\/Bead blasted cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb; \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng m\u1ecbn (Ra \u2264 0,8\u20131,6 \u00b5m) \u1edf v\u00f9ng d\u1ec5 b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u00edch t\u1ee5 \u2013 MIC.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-bao-tri-va-kiem-dinh\">B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; V\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 b\u1eb1ng acid citric ho\u1eb7c nitric lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng; tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y ch\u1ee9a Cl- \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c (NaClO n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao) tr\u00ean 304\/316.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t: \u0111o pH, Cl-, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, ORP; ki\u1ec3m tra r\u1ed7\/\u0103n k\u1ebd t\u1ea1i m\u00e9p m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, d\u01b0\u1edbi gio\u0103ng, m\u1eb7t b\u00edch, ch\u00e2n b\u1ed3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; MIC: duy tr\u00ec d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, s\u00fac r\u1eeda, kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 NaClO th\u1ea5p, ho\u1eb7c UV\/ozone t\u00f9y quy tr\u00ecnh); th\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00f9ng k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n: l\u00f3t g\u1ed1m\/cao su\/PU \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn cao; thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-so-sanh-chi-phi-vong-doi-vi-du-tham-khao\">So s\u00e1nh chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tham kh\u1ea3o)<\/h2>\n<p>Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n FGD DN150, 100 m, T 60\u00b0C, Cl- 15.000 ppm:<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n A \u2013 316L: chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf = 1,0; nguy c\u01a1 r\u1ed7\/\u0103n k\u1ebd cao, c\u1ea7n thay sau ~3\u20135 n\u0103m \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng; 10 n\u0103m g\u1ed3m 1\u20132 l\u1ea7n thay c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 \u2192 chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ~1,6\u20132,0.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n B \u2013 Duplex 2205: v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u +20\u201330%, nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ea3m b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y 20\u201330% nh\u1edd c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u2192 chi ph\u00ed l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t g\u1ea7n 1,1\u20131,2; tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd 10+ n\u0103m \u2192 chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ~1,1\u20131,3.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n C \u2013 FRP l\u00f3t: \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ~0,7\u20130,9; c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda\/l\u00f3t l\u1ea1i 1\u20132 l\u1ea7n trong 10 n\u0103m, nh\u1ea1y va \u0111\u1eadp\/UV \u2192 chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ~1,2\u20131,6.<br \/>\nK\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng FGD t\u1ea3i Cl- trung cao, 2205 th\u01b0\u1eddng cho LCCA th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao h\u01a1n. S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng; c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh theo d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-nhung-loi-thuong-gap-va-cach-tranh\">Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; D\u00f9ng 304\/316L cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cl- cao, pH th\u1ea5p, nhi\u1ec7t >50\u00b0C \u2192 chuy\u1ec3n r\u1ed7 s\u1edbm: n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p 2205\/254SMO.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea9y \u2013 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng sau h\u00e0n \u2192 r\u1ed7 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb heat tint: \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ASTM A380\/A967.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng gio\u0103ng ch\u1ee9a halogen ho\u1eb7c bul\u00f4ng th\u00e9p carbon tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t b\u00edch inox \u2192 \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd\/\u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a: thay b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc\/g\u00f3c ch\u1ebft \u2192 MIC v\u00e0 r\u1ed7 k\u1ebd: t\u1ed1i \u01b0u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, t\u0103ng r\u1eeda \u2013 x\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1y.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ea3o \u00f4n ch\u1ee9a Cl- \u2192 CUI: ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn low-chloride, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t k\u00edn n\u01b0\u1edbc, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-vi-du-ung-dung-tai-viet-nam-dien-hinh\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (\u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n than ven bi\u1ec3n: chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e1p h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 FGD t\u1eeb 316L sang duplex 2205 cho khay ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 mist eliminator, gi\u1ea3m \u0103n m\u00f2n r\u1ed7 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd tr\u00ean 10 n\u0103m.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i gi\u00e0u Cl- n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p 316L \u2192 2205 t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 do MIC sau 18\u201324 th\u00e1ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1ea3ng \u2013 \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u: h\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1eb1n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eeda boong d\u00f9ng 2507\/254SMO \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec so v\u1edbi FRP l\u00f3t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-tuan-thu-quy-chuan-va-ho-so-ky-thuat\">Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i: QCVN 19:2009\/BTNMT (v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i) \u2013 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 sau x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: QCVN 40:2011\/BTNMT \u2013 ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00fang gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 EN 10204 3.1, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u2013 c\u01a1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c, ki\u1ec3m PMI, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n (WPS\/PQR), nh\u1eadt k\u00fd t\u1ea9y \u2013 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 nghi\u1ec7m thu NDT (n\u1ebfu \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-tu-van-va-cung-ung-tai-ha-noi\">T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 cung \u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/h2>\n<p>Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 304L\/316L\/317L\/904L, duplex 2205\/2507, 254SMO theo ASTM A240\/A312\/A403, c\u00f9ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1eaft \u2013 gia c\u00f4ng \u2013 t\u1ea9y th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00e0n v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Hotline: 0343.417.281<br \/>\n&#8211; Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-11-tai-lieu-tham-khao\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Nickel Institute \u2013 Stainless Steels in Water and Wastewater Treatment (Technical Library). https:\/\/nickelinstitute.org\/technical-library\/<br \/>\n&#8211; Nickel Institute \u2013 Guidelines for Stainless Steel in Flue Gas Cleaning\/FGD (Technical Library). https:\/\/nickelinstitute.org\/technical-library\/<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu Corrosion Handbook (Materials selection, chloride and temperature limits). https:\/\/www.outokumpu.com\/handbook<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM A240, A312, A403, A380, A967 \u2013 ASTM International. https:\/\/www.astm.org<br \/>\n&#8211; US EPA \u2013 Air Pollution Control Technology Fact Sheet: Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD). https:\/\/www.epa.gov<br \/>\n&#8211; QCVN 19:2009\/BTNMT (Kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p) v\u00e0 QCVN 40:2011\/BTNMT (N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p) \u2013 B\u1ed9 TN&#038;MT Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c inox ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng khe \u2013 ch\u1ed1ng CUI, quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n \u2013 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u1edbi FGD v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i gi\u00e0u clorua, duplex 2205 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi; 254SMO\/2507 d\u00f9ng cho \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n; 304L\/316L ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb9. H\u00e3y chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u2013 quy tr\u00ecnh ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n s\u00e2u v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 c\u1ea1nh tranh: 0343.417.281 \u2013 inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c inox, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec cho h\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i, n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i: 304L, 316L, duplex 2205, 254SMO, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1037,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1340","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1340","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1340"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1340\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1037"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1340"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1340"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1340"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}