{"id":1393,"date":"2025-12-05T12:35:21","date_gmt":"2025-12-05T05:35:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/han-que-inox-cach-chon-que-han-va-ky-thuat-chuan-cho-nguoi-moi\/"},"modified":"2025-12-05T12:35:21","modified_gmt":"2025-12-05T05:35:21","slug":"han-que-inox-cach-chon-que-han-va-ky-thuat-chuan-cho-nguoi-moi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/han-que-inox-cach-chon-que-han-va-ky-thuat-chuan-cho-nguoi-moi\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00e0n que Inox: C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn que h\u00e0n v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chu\u1ea9n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-tong-quan-nhanh-han-que-inox-la-gi-va-khi-nao-nen-\">T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh: H\u00e0n que Inox l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean d\u00f9ng?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-chon-que-han-inox-dung-mac-doc-ma-aws-va-quyet-din\">Ch\u1ecdn que h\u00e0n Inox \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c: \u0111\u1ecdc m\u00e3 AWS v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-thiet-lap-thong-so-duong-kinh-dong-han-cuc-tinh-to\">Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, d\u00f2ng h\u00e0n, c\u1ef1c t\u00ednh, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-ky-thuat-thao-tac-moi-han-huong-dan-tung-buoc-cho-\">K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thao t\u00e1c m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n: h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-chat-luong-va-khuyet-tat-nhan-biet-va-khac-phuc\">Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt: nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-bao-quan-va-say-que-han-inox\">B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1ea5y que h\u00e0n Inox<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-ve-sinh-sau-han-va-hoan-thien-be-mat-inox\">V\u1ec7 sinh sau h\u00e0n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Inox<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-so-sanh-nhanh-voi-migtig-de-ban-chon-dung-quy-trin\">So s\u00e1nh nhanh v\u1edbi MIG\/TIG \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-an-toan-khi-han-inox-dac-thu-khoi-han-va-crvi\">An to\u00e0n khi h\u00e0n Inox: \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 Cr(VI)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-checklist-nhanh-cho-nguoi-moi\">Checklist nhanh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-cac-cau-hoi-thuong-gap-faq\">C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p (FAQ)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-11-mau-thong-so-wps-tham-khao-xuong-nho\">M\u1eabu th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 WPS tham kh\u1ea3o (x\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ecf)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-12-nguon-tham-khao-chinh\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>H\u00e0n que Inox (SMAW) l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn linh ho\u1ea1t, kinh t\u1ebf cho s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ecf. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang que h\u00e0n theo m\u00e1c Inox, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 h\u00e0n chu\u1ea9n, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt an to\u00e0n\u2013hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ngay t\u1eeb l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh gh\u00e9p quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u1ea9m nang li\u00ean k\u1ebft Inox n\u00f3i chung, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed9i dung d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-tong-quan-nhanh-han-que-inox-la-gi-va-khi-nao-nen-\">T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh: H\u00e0n que Inox l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean d\u00f9ng?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Quy tr\u00ecnh: SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) d\u00f9ng que h\u00e0n b\u1ecdc thu\u1ed1c, t\u1ea1o h\u1ed3 quang gi\u1eefa que v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft, x\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n kh\u1ecfi \u00f4-xy h\u00f3a.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh: D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 g\u1ecdn, ch\u1ecbu gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n MIG\/TIG, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p thi c\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1eadt d\u00e0y, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 s\u1ea1ch.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n: T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm, x\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee5c b\u1ecf, d\u1ec5 bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0u (heat tint), ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng k\u00e9m h\u01a1n TIG. V\u1edbi t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng <1.5\u20132.0 mm, TIG ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n.\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-chon-que-han-inox-dung-mac-doc-ma-aws-va-quyet-din\">Ch\u1ecdn que h\u00e0n Inox \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c: \u0111\u1ecdc m\u00e3 AWS v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh<\/h2>\n<h3>Hi\u1ec3u k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u AWS tr\u00ean que h\u00e0n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Chu\u1ea9n: AWS A5.4\/A5.4M (que h\u00e0n Inox SMAW). V\u00ed d\u1ee5: E308L-16.<br \/>\n  &#8211; E: Electrodes (que h\u00e0n).<br \/>\n  &#8211; 308, 309, 316, 347\u2026: th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eafp (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng 304\/304L, \u0111\u1ec7m cho d\u1ecb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, 316\/316L, 321\/347\u2026).<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u201cL\u201d: h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C th\u1ea5p, gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a cacbua (ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd h\u1ea1t).<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110u\u00f4i -15\/-16\/-17: lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c b\u1ecdc &#038; d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<br \/>\n    &#8211; -15: v\u00f4i\u2013fluor, DC+, th\u1ea5u s\u00e2u, cho m\u1ecdi t\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<br \/>\n    &#8211; -16: rutile, AC\/DC+, d\u1ec5 m\u1ed3i, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1eb9p, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<br \/>\n    &#8211; -17: rutile c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, AC\/DC+, x\u1ec9 d\u1ec5 bong, h\u1ed3 quang \u00eam.<\/p>\n<h3>Ch\u1ecdn que theo v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n (rule-of-thumb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Inox 304\/304L \u2192 E308L-16 (ho\u1eb7c -17).<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 316\/316L \u2192 E316L-16.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 321 (Ti \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh) \u2192 E347-16 (Nb \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh).<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 201 (Mn\u2013N, th\u1ea5p Ni) \u2192 E308L-16 (ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng), khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t cao ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0n n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e9p C \u2192 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc E309L-16.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gh\u00e9p Inox 304 \u2194 th\u00e9p C (Q235, SS400\u2026) \u2192 E309L-16 (kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eafp Cr\u2013Ni cao, \u0111\u1ec7m d\u1ecb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u).<br \/>\n&#8211; Gh\u00e9p Inox v\u1edbi Inox kh\u00e1c m\u00e1c\/kh\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u2192 E309L-16 ho\u1eb7c E312-16 (\u0111a d\u1ee5ng, ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t t\u1ed1t).<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox ferritic 430 \u2194 430 \u2192 E430-16 (\u00edt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn) ho\u1eb7c E309L-16 (th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf d\u1ec5 mua, b\u1ec1n).<br \/>\n&#8211; S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f3 h\u00e0n\/nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t \u2192 E312-16 (kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eafp c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, r\u1ea5t dai, \u201cc\u1ee9u h\u1ed9\u201d t\u1ed1t).<\/p>\n<p>G\u1ee3i \u00fd th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 mua t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam:<br \/>\n&#8211; Kobelco NC-38\/NC-38L (E308\/E308L-16), NC-36L (E316L-16), NC-39L (E309L-16)<br \/>\n&#8211; Hyundai S-308L-16, S-316L-16, S-309L-16<br \/>\n&#8211; ESAB OK 61.30 (E308L-17), OK 61.34 (E316L-17), OK 61.35 (E309L-17)<br \/>\n&#8211; Kiswel KST-308L, KST-316L, KST-309L<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-thiet-lap-thong-so-duong-kinh-dong-han-cuc-tinh-to\">Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, d\u00f2ng h\u00e0n, c\u1ef1c t\u00ednh, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh que v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 2.5 mm: 50\u201380 A (t\u1ea5m 2\u20134 mm, m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n nh\u1ecf, h\u00e0n \u0111a t\u01b0 th\u1ebf cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi).<br \/>\n&#8211; 3.2 mm: 70\u2013110 A (t\u1ea5m 4\u20138 mm, \u0111a d\u1ee5ng).<br \/>\n&#8211; 4.0 mm: 100\u2013160 A (t\u1ea5m \u22658 mm, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u1eb1ng\/ ngang).<br \/>\n&#8211; 5.0 mm: 140\u2013200 A (k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u d\u00e0y, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t).<br \/>\n\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo t\u01b0 th\u1ebf, khe h\u1edf, lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee7 (-15 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n -16\/-17 c\u00f9ng c\u1ee1).<\/p>\n<h3>C\u1ef1c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u01afu ti\u00ean DC+, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi -15\/-16 cho \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5u &#038; \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ed3 quang.<br \/>\n&#8211; AC d\u00f9ng t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi -16\/-17 khi m\u00e1y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 AC.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1edf m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ee7 cao gi\u00fap m\u1ed3i h\u1ed3 quang d\u1ec5.<\/p>\n<h3>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Austenitic (304\/316\/201\u2026): kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n preheat, gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp (interpass) <150\u00b0C, tr\u00e1nh v\u00f9ng 450\u2013850\u00b0C l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m sensitization.  \n- Ferritic (430): c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 preheat nh\u1eb9 100\u2013150\u00b0C, l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m n\u1ee9t.  \n- D\u00f9ng g\u00e1 k\u1eb9p, h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng, chia \u0111o\u1ea1n (back-step), tack ng\u1eafn 20\u201330 mm c\u00e1ch nhau 200\u2013300 mm, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed3ng\/\u0111\u1ed3ng thau gi\u1ea3m ch\u00e1y th\u1ee7ng t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng.\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-ky-thuat-thao-tac-moi-han-huong-dan-tung-buoc-cho-\">K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thao t\u00e1c m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n: h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi<\/h2>\n<h3>Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u00e9p v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch 20\u201325 mm hai b\u00ean m\u00e9p: d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1, g\u1ec9, s\u01a1n, \u00f4-x\u00edt. D\u00f9ng b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i Inox ri\u00eang, acetone\/IPA.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00e1t m\u00e9p: t\u1ea5m 3\u20136 mm v\u00e1t 30\u201335\u00b0, khe h\u1edf g\u1ed1c 1.5\u20132.0 mm; t\u1ea5m \u22642 mm ch\u1ec9 v\u00ea m\u00e9p nh\u1eb9, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf khe.<br \/>\n&#8211; G\u00e1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, tack theo chu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng, ki\u1ec3m tra khe h\u1edf \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<h3>Thao t\u00e1c h\u1ed3 quang<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; G\u00f3c que: 5\u201315\u00b0 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfn (drag angle) cho gi\u00e1p m\u1ed1i\/\u0111\u1ed1i g\u00f3c; d\u1ef1ng g\u1ea7n vu\u00f4ng khi h\u00e0n s\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u1ea5u.<br \/>\n&#8211; Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i h\u1ed3 quang: ng\u1eafn (\u2248 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u00f5i que) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u00f4-xy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u1eafn t\u00f3e.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n: \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u201cstringer bead\u201d (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng), h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u201cweave\u201d r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfn: \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 v\u0169ng h\u00e0n s\u00e1ng, x\u1ec9 \u0111i theo sau, g\u1edd h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng cao >1.5 mm.<\/p>\n<h3>Quy tr\u00ecnh m\u1eabu: h\u00e0n g\u00f3c 2 mm b\u1eb1ng que 2.5 mm<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Que: E308L-16, 2.5 mm; D\u00f2ng: 55\u201365 A (DC+); G\u00f3c: 10\u00b0 k\u00e9o; H\u1ed3 quang ng\u1eafn.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ea5m m\u1ed3i tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec7m, \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ec1u 10\u201315 mm, d\u1eebng ng\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ec9 theo k\u1ecbp.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n t\u1eebng \u0111o\u1ea1n 40\u201360 mm, nh\u1ea3y c\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m cong v\u00eanh.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ee5c x\u1ec9, ch\u1ea3i s\u1ea1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 th\u1ee9 hai, gi\u1eef interpass <150\u00b0C.\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-chat-luong-va-khuyet-tat-nhan-biet-va-khac-phuc\">Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt: nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; R\u1ed7 kh\u00ed\/r\u00e1p x\u1ec9: do que \u1ea9m, h\u1ed3 quang d\u00e0i, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ea9n \u2192 s\u1ea5y que, s\u1ea1ch m\u00e9p, ng\u1eafn h\u1ed3 quang.<br \/>\n&#8211; Thi\u1ebfu ng\u1ea5u: d\u00f2ng th\u1ea5p, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh, g\u00f3c que sai \u2192 t\u0103ng d\u00f2ng 5\u201310 A, s\u1eeda g\u00f3c, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u1ee9t n\u00f3ng: nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o cao, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn que kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u2192 d\u00f9ng que c\u00f3 FN (s\u1ed1 ferit) 4\u201310 nh\u01b0 E308L-16 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o, ch\u1ecdn 309L\/312 khi d\u1ecb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<br \/>\n&#8211; Bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0u (heat tint) v\u00f9ng HAZ: v\u1ec7 sinh, pickling\u2013passivation sau h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0102n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd h\u1ea1t: d\u00f9ng \u201cL\u201d (E308L\/E316L), gi\u1eef interpass th\u1ea5p, tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-bao-quan-va-say-que-han-inox\">B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1ea5y que h\u00e0n Inox<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Gi\u1eef kh\u00f4, tr\u00e1nh h\u00fat \u1ea9m. M\u1edf bao d\u00f9ng trong ng\u00e0y, ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0 c\u1ea5t h\u1ed9p k\u00edn c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t h\u00fat \u1ea9m.<br \/>\n&#8211; S\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i (theo TDS nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, tham kh\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh): 250\u2013300\u00b0C trong 1\u20132 gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u00f9ng; b\u1ea3o \u00f4n 100\u2013150\u00b0C.<br \/>\n&#8211; Que \u1ea9m g\u00e2y r\u1ed7 kh\u00ed, n\u1ee9t, h\u1ed3 quang kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-ve-sinh-sau-han-va-hoan-thien-be-mat-inox\">V\u1ec7 sinh sau h\u00e0n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Inox<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ee5c x\u1ec9, ch\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i Inox ri\u00eang (kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng chung v\u1edbi th\u00e9p C).<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ea9y m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n: d\u00f9ng gel\/kem pickling (g\u1ed1c nitric\u2013fluoric) ho\u1eb7c dung d\u1ecbch citric; r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn an to\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Passivation: t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng Cr2O3 t\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, quan tr\u1ecdng cho ng\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, y t\u1ebf.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0i\u2013\u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng h\u1ea1t satin\/No.4 ho\u1eb7c b\u00f3ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f9y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-so-sanh-nhanh-voi-migtig-de-ban-chon-dung-quy-trin\">So s\u00e1nh nhanh v\u1edbi MIG\/TIG \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; SMAW (que): r\u1ebb, linh ho\u1ea1t, ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1t; t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm, x\u1ec9, kh\u00f3 h\u00e0n t\u1ea5m r\u1ea5t m\u1ecfng.<br \/>\n&#8211; TIG: m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u0111\u1eb9p, s\u1ea1ch, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng; c\u1ea7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng\/thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cao, k\u00e9m ch\u1ecbu gi\u00f3.<br \/>\n&#8211; MIG: n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, d\u1ec5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00ed b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, nh\u1ea1y gi\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-an-toan-khi-han-inox-dac-thu-khoi-han-va-crvi\">An to\u00e0n khi h\u00e0n Inox: \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 kh\u00f3i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 Cr(VI)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; H\u00e0n Inox t\u1ea1o kh\u00f3i c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t Cr(VI) \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i. B\u1ed1 tr\u00ed h\u00fat c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3, kh\u1ea9u trang l\u1ecdc P100\/P3 khi c\u1ea7n, g\u0103ng\u2013\u00e1o h\u00e0n ch\u1ed1ng tia UV.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac da v\u1edbi gel pickling; tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 SDS.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tham kh\u1ea3o: OSHA\/NIOSH v\u1ec1 hexavalent chromium; \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh an to\u00e0n n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-checklist-nhanh-cho-nguoi-moi\">Checklist nhanh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: 304\/316\/201\/430 hay gh\u00e9p v\u1edbi th\u00e9p C?<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn que: 308L\/316L\/309L\/312 \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch; \u01b0u ti\u00ean -16\/-17 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp: 2.5 mm \u2192 50\u201380 A; 3.2 mm \u2192 70\u2013110 A; DC+; h\u1ed3 quang ng\u1eafn.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u1eafp r\u00e1p: s\u1ea1ch\u2013kh\u00f4, v\u00e1t m\u00e9p h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, tack \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n: stringer bead, nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o th\u1ea5p, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n: \u0111\u1ee5c x\u1ec9, pickling\u2013passivation n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra: nh\u00ecn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, \u0111o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed1i, th\u1eed th\u1ea5m m\u00e0u (n\u1ebfu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-cac-cau-hoi-thuong-gap-faq\">C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p (FAQ)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 304 h\u00e0n que g\u00ec? \u2192 E308L-16\/-17.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316 h\u00e0n que g\u00ec? \u2192 E316L-16\/-17.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304 h\u00e0n v\u1edbi th\u00e9p C? \u2192 E309L-16.<br \/>\n&#8211; 201 h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng que g\u00ec? \u2192 E308L-16 l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn; n\u1ebfu gh\u00e9p v\u1edbi th\u00e9p C ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t cao \u2192 E309L-16.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 m\u00e1c, kh\u00f3 h\u00e0n, chi ti\u1ebft b\u1ea9n? \u2192 E312-16.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u00e1y AC? \u2192 D\u00f9ng que -16\/-17 (AC\/DC).<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng 1\u20131.5 mm c\u00f3 n\u00ean h\u00e0n que? \u2192 Kh\u00f3; \u01b0u ti\u00ean TIG ho\u1eb7c MIG xung.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-11-mau-thong-so-wps-tham-khao-xuong-nho\">M\u1eabu th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 WPS tham kh\u1ea3o (x\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ecf)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Quy tr\u00ecnh: SMAW. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: SUS304 d\u00e0y 4\u20136 mm, gi\u00e1p m\u1ed1i ch\u1eef V 60\u201370\u00b0.<br \/>\n&#8211; Filler: E308L-16, \u00d83.2 mm; D\u00f2ng: 85\u2013100 A; C\u1ef1c t\u00ednh: DC+.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u01b0 th\u1ebf: 1G\/2F. Interpass <150\u00b0C. L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp.  \n- K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: stringer, h\u1ed3 quang ng\u1eafn; l\u1edbp l\u00f3t, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7.  \n- H\u1eadu x\u1eed l\u00fd: \u0111\u1ee5c x\u1ec9, ch\u1ea3i Inox; pickling\u2013passivation n\u1ebfu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n.\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"toc-12-nguon-tham-khao-chinh\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; AWS A5.4\/A5.4M: Specification for Stainless Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding.<br \/>\n&#8211; AWS D1.6\/D1.6M: Structural Welding Code \u2013 Stainless Steel.<br \/>\n&#8211; ISO 3581-A: Welding consumables \u2014 Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of stainless and heat-resisting steels.<br \/>\n&#8211; Lincoln Electric \u2013 Stainless Steel Stick Electrodes (Application Guide).<br \/>\n&#8211; ESAB OK 61.30\/61.34 Data Sheets.<br \/>\n&#8211; OSHA\/NIOSH: Hexavalent Chromium hazards in welding fumes.<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<br \/>\n\u0110\u1ec3 h\u00e0n que Inox \u0111\u1eb9p, b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t, ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0: ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang que theo m\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (308L\/316L\/309L\/312), ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o (DC+, h\u1ed3 quang ng\u1eafn, stringer bead, interpass <150\u00b0C), v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh\u2013passivation sau h\u00e0n. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi que -16\/-17 d\u1ec5 h\u00e0n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 2.5\u20133.2 mm, d\u1ea3i d\u00f2ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean; khi h\u00e0n d\u1ecb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c g\u1eb7p n\u1ec1n \u201ckh\u00f3\u201d, chuy\u1ec3n sang 309L\/312 \u0111\u1ec3 an to\u00e0n ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t. Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh theo checklist v\u00e0 WPS m\u1eabu, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.\n\nC\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn que h\u00e0n chu\u1ea9n theo m\u00e1c Inox v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Hotline: 0343.417.281. Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ecdn que h\u00e0n Inox \u0111\u00fang theo m\u00e1c th\u00e9p (304, 316, 201\u2026) v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt SMAW chi ti\u1ebft: k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u AWS, d\u00f2ng\u2013c\u1ef1c t\u00ednh, th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1, ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t, an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1036,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1393","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1393"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1393\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1036"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}