{"id":1456,"date":"2025-12-21T12:34:08","date_gmt":"2025-12-21T05:34:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/phan-biet-inox-bang-mat-do-bong-mau-be-mat-201-304-316-430\/"},"modified":"2025-12-21T12:34:08","modified_gmt":"2025-12-21T05:34:08","slug":"phan-biet-inox-bang-mat-do-bong-mau-be-mat-201-304-316-430","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/phan-biet-inox-bang-mat-do-bong-mau-be-mat-201-304-316-430\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Inox b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft: \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng, m\u00e0u, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t 201\/304\/316\/430"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-nguyen-ly-vi-sao-co-the-phan-biet-inox-bang-mat\">Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd: v\u00ec sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t inox b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-chuan-bi-dieu-kien-quan-sat-chuan\">Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n quan s\u00e1t chu\u1ea9n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-nhan-biet-qua-do-bong-glossreflectivity\">Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft qua \u0110\u1ed8 B\u00d3NG (gloss\/reflectivity)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-nhan-biet-qua-sac-domau-huetint\">Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft qua S\u1eaeC \u0110\u1ed8\/M\u00c0U (hue\/tint)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-nhan-biet-qua-ket-cau-be-mat-texturedefects\">Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft qua K\u1ebeT C\u1ea4U B\u1ec0 M\u1eb6T (texture\/defects)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-so-sanh-nhanh-theo-mac-pho-bien\">So s\u00e1nh nhanh theo m\u00e1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-phan-biet-theo-loai-hoan-thien-be-mat-2bbano4hl8k\">Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t theo lo\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: 2B\/BA\/No.4\/HL\/8K<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-checklist-7-buoc-phan-biet-bang-mat-tai-hien-truon\">Checklist 7 b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-dau-hieu-dong-goi-va-nhan-in-nen-tham-khao-nhung-k\">D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u00e0 nh\u00e3n in \u2013 n\u00ean tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-nhung-nham-lan-thuong-gap-va-cach-tranh\">Nh\u1eefng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-khi-nao-can-vuot-qua-nhin-bang-mat\">Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u201cnh\u00ecn b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft\u201d?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-11-ung-dung-thuc-te-tai-viet-nam\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-12-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c m\u00e1c inox b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng khi mua v\u1eadt t\u01b0, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, ho\u1eb7c nghi\u1ec7m thu ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng, s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9 (hue\/tint) v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u00e1n kh\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gi\u1eefa 201, 304, 316, 430 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00e1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, \u0111i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn \u2013 so s\u00e1nh theo b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n (2B, BA\/2R, No.4, HL, 8K), k\u00e8m checklist \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ngay. L\u01b0u \u00fd: nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i; \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn m\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 MTC ho\u1eb7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nhanh t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-nguyen-ly-vi-sao-co-the-phan-biet-inox-bang-mat\">Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd: v\u00ec sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t inox b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; M\u00e0u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u00e0ng oxit Cr2O3 t\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim (Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn) v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (m\u00e0i, c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i, \u1ee7 s\u00e1ng).<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ni cao (304\/316) th\u01b0\u1eddng cho s\u1eafc \u201ctr\u1eafng l\u1ea1nh\u201d v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 trong, c\u00f2n 201 (Ni th\u1ea5p, Mn cao) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u201c\u1ea5m\/v\u00e0ng nh\u1eb9\u201d v\u00e0 x\u00e1m h\u01a1n. 430 (ferritic, kh\u00f4ng Ni) c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e1m ngu\u1ed9i.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00f9ng m\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n s\u1ebd tr\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ec v\u1eady, lu\u00f4n so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 BA v\u1edbi BA, No.4 v\u1edbi No.4).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-chuan-bi-dieu-kien-quan-sat-chuan\">Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n quan s\u00e1t chu\u1ea9n<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng: \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ban ng\u00e0y 5.000\u20136.500K ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e8n LED trung t\u00ednh; tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e8n v\u00e0ng l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch nhanh: lau b\u1ee5i\/d\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng kh\u0103n microfiber + c\u1ed3n isopropyl \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00fang b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; G\u00f3c nh\u00ecn: quan s\u00e1t \u1edf 30\u201360\u00b0 so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t t\u1ea5m; so s\u00e1nh c\u1ea1nh nhau 2\u20133 m\u1eabu n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 (m\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n 304 r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch).<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 (PVC): n\u1ebfu c\u00f3, l\u1eadt m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-nhan-biet-qua-do-bong-glossreflectivity\">Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft qua \u0110\u1ed8 B\u00d3NG (gloss\/reflectivity)<\/h2>\n<h3>1) Theo lo\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 2B (c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i, \u1ee7, c\u00e1n da): m\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, x\u00e1m nh\u1ea1t; kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n g\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t; hay d\u00f9ng cho t\u1ea5m cu\u1ed9n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<br \/>\n&#8211; BA\/2R (bright annealed\/\u1ee7 s\u00e1ng): b\u00f3ng nh\u01b0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 r\u00f5; th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ebfp, trang tr\u00ed cao c\u1ea5p.<br \/>\n&#8211; No.4 (satin\/brushed 240\u2013320 grit): m\u1edd c\u00f3 v\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1eafn, \u0111\u1ec1u; ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho thang m\u00e1y, \u1ed1p t\u01b0\u1eddng.<br \/>\n&#8211; HL (hairline): v\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0i, ch\u1ea1y su\u1ed1t; \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<br \/>\n&#8211; 8K (mirror): g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e2u, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 s\u1eafc n\u00e9t nh\u1ea5t; hay d\u00f9ng cho trang tr\u00ed.<br \/>\nL\u01b0u \u00fd: \u0110\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng ch\u1ecbu chi ph\u1ed1i l\u1edbn t\u1eeb quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n; v\u00ec v\u1eady khi ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t m\u00e1c, h\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh trong c\u00f9ng nh\u00f3m ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h3>2) Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1c trong c\u00f9ng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; BA\/2R:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304\/316: ph\u1ea3n g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u201ctrong\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cs\u00e2u\u201d, ch\u1eef nh\u1ecf ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu s\u1eafc n\u00e9t; m\u00e0u n\u1ec1n trung t\u00ednh \u2013 l\u1ea1nh.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: ph\u1ea3n g\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u00e9m \u201cs\u00e2u\u201d h\u01a1n, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u201cm\u1ecfng\u201d v\u00e0 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e1m v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c x\u00e1m nh\u1eb9 khi \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea1nh 304.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 430: v\u1eabn b\u00f3ng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u201ctrong\u201d th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 304; ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 h\u01a1i \u201c\u0111\u1ee5c\u201d, n\u1ec1n x\u00e1m ngu\u1ed9i.<br \/>\n&#8211; No.4\/HL:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304\/316: v\u00e2n m\u1ecbn, \u0111\u1ec1u, l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh nh\u1eb9; \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 trung t\u00ednh.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: v\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201cg\u1eaft\u201d h\u01a1n, \u00edt chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u; nh\u00ecn nghi\u00eang \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u201cda cam\u201d (orange peel) nh\u1eb9 tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 430: t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i x\u00e1m h\u01a1n, v\u00e2n \u00edt l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh.<br \/>\n&#8211; 8K:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304\/316: \u1ea3nh ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu s\u1eafc n\u00e9t; m\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng r\u1ea5t r\u00f5.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201\/430: \u1ea3nh ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu k\u00e9m s\u1eafc; vi\u1ec1n ch\u1eef c\u00f3 vi\u1ec1n m\u1edd.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1eed nhanh: \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y in ch\u1eef nh\u1ecf (3\u20135 mm) c\u00e1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t 3\u20135 cm v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eafc n\u00e9t c\u1ee7a \u1ea3nh ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu. 304\/316 th\u01b0\u1eddng cho vi\u1ec1n ch\u1eef r\u00f5 h\u01a1n 201\/430 \u1edf c\u00f9ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-nhan-biet-qua-sac-domau-huetint\">Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft qua S\u1eaeC \u0110\u1ed8\/M\u00c0U (hue\/tint)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 304: \u201ctr\u1eafng b\u1ea1c l\u1ea1nh\u201d, trung t\u00ednh; \u00edt \u00e1m v\u00e0ng. Khi so song song v\u1edbi 201\/430, 304 th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n n\u1eeda t\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316: t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 304, \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u201cl\u1ea1nh\u201d h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. B\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 304 v\u1edbi 316 n\u1ebfu c\u00f9ng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n; tr\u00e1nh k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ed9i gi\u1eefa hai m\u00e1c n\u00e0y.<br \/>\n&#8211; 201: \u201ctr\u1eafng \u1ea5m\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u00e1m v\u00e0ng\/x\u00e1m nh\u1eb9, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e8n tr\u1eafng; \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea1nh 304 s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y 201 t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u201c\u1ea5m\u201d h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; 430: x\u00e1m ngu\u1ed9i, t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u201ct\u1ed1i\u201d h\u01a1n; thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 \u201ctr\u1eafng l\u1ea1nh\u201d c\u1ee7a 304.<br \/>\n&#8211; 410\/420 (n\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p): t\u00f4ng x\u00e1m \u0111\u1eadm, b\u00f3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng n\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1i h\u01a1n; d\u1ec5 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1m g\u1ec9 n\u00e2u n\u1ebfu ph\u01a1i \u1ea9m m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb9o: d\u00f9ng th\u1ebb tr\u1eafng l\u00e0m \u201cchu\u1ea9n tr\u1eafng\u201d \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eaft d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-nhan-biet-qua-ket-cau-be-mat-texturedefects\">Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft qua K\u1ebeT C\u1ea4U B\u1ec0 M\u1eb6T (texture\/defects)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edbc:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304\/316 chu\u1ea9n: d\u00f2ng v\u00e2n No.4\/HL \u0111\u1ec1u, \u00edt \u201cg\u00e3y\u201d v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m l\u1ea1.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201\/430 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y v\u1ec7t x\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n, \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en nh\u1ecf, v\u1ec7t \u201cr\u00edt\u201d kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<br \/>\n&#8211; Orange peel (da cam) khi nh\u00ecn nghi\u00eang:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y h\u01a1n \u1edf 201 do \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo k\u00e9m trong k\u00e9o d\u00e3n s\u00e2u; b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng nh\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 da cam.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1ebft x\u1eed l\u00fd axit\/pickle:<br \/>\n  &#8211; V\u1ec7t loang nh\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c \u201cd\u1ea7u m\u1ee1\u201d sau t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00e0u \u00e1m; h\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ea1ch, m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<br \/>\n&#8211; Bavia m\u00e9p c\u1eaft &#038; m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201\/430 d\u1ec5 c\u00f3 m\u00e9p s\u1eadm m\u00e0u v\u00e0 v\u1ebft lam khi c\u1eaft plasma\/oxy-fuel; 304\/316 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e2n c\u1eadn \u00edt \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu c\u00f9ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00f9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec7t (HAZ) quanh m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; B\u1ea3ng m\u00e0u r\u01a1m\u2013t\u00edm\u2013xanh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ecdi m\u00e1c; tuy nhi\u00ean tr\u00ean 201\/430, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadm h\u01a1n do \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u0103n m\u00f2n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n sau h\u00e0n n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-so-sanh-nhanh-theo-mac-pho-bien\">So s\u00e1nh nhanh theo m\u00e1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox 201 (AISI 201, Cr-Ni-Mn):<br \/>\n  &#8211; M\u00e0u: tr\u1eafng \u1ea5m, d\u1ec5 \u00e1m v\u00e0ng\/x\u00e1m khi so v\u1edbi 304.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng: g\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u00e9m \u201cs\u00e2u\u201d h\u01a1n; No.4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eaft.<br \/>\n  &#8211; K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u: d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y orange peel tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng; sau v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u1ea9m c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 \u201c\u1ed1 tr\u00e0\u201d (tea staining).<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb trong nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4; c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 304 (AISI 304\/304L, austenitic):<br \/>\n  &#8211; M\u00e0u: tr\u1eafng b\u1ea1c l\u1ea1nh, trung t\u00ednh.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng: ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 trong, s\u1eafc n\u00e9t; b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<br \/>\n  &#8211; K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u: \u00edt khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean h\u00e0ng chu\u1ea9n; ch\u1ed1ng \u1ed1 tr\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 201.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: b\u1ebfp, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong\/ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 316 (AISI 316\/316L, c\u00f3 Mo):<br \/>\n  &#8211; M\u00e0u\/\u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng: g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 304; kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u01afu th\u1ebf th\u1eadt: kh\u00e1ng Cl- v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd h\u1edf t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n; d\u00f9ng v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n\/h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 430 (AISI 430, ferritic):<br \/>\n  &#8211; M\u00e0u: x\u00e1m ngu\u1ed9i; t\u01b0\u01a1i k\u00e9m h\u01a1n 304.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng: BA s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0ng \u201c\u0111\u1ee5c\u201d h\u01a1n; No.4 \u00edt l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh.<br \/>\n  &#8211; K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc \u201cc\u1ee9ng\u201d; d\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, \u1ed1p trang tr\u00ed kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 410\/420 (martensitic):<br \/>\n  &#8211; M\u00e0u: x\u00e1m \u0111\u1eadm, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i; d\u1ec5 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5m g\u1ec9 n\u1ebfu \u1ea9m.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: dao k\u00e9o, tr\u1ee5c, chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-phan-biet-theo-loai-hoan-thien-be-mat-2bbano4hl8k\">Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t theo lo\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: 2B\/BA\/No.4\/HL\/8K<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 2B:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft: m\u1edd x\u00e1m, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1, \u201cm\u1ecbn nh\u01b0 da\u201d d\u01b0\u1edbi tay.<br \/>\n  &#8211; C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o: 2B c\u1ee7a 201\/430 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u00e1m h\u01a1n; 304 cho t\u00f4ng s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ec1u.<br \/>\n&#8211; BA\/2R:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft: g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1eb3ng; quan s\u00e1t ch\u1eef ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 vi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201\/430 hay cho \u1ea3nh ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu \u201c\u0111\u1ee5c\u201d, vi\u1ec1n m\u1edd; 304\/316 cho vi\u1ec1n s\u1eafc.<br \/>\n&#8211; No.4:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft: v\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1eafn, \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee5c; d\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ebb soi v\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p d\u1ec5 c\u00f3 v\u1ec7t s\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1eabn h\u1ea1t x\u01b0\u1edbc to nh\u1ecf.<br \/>\n&#8211; HL:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft: v\u00e2n d\u00e0i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c; h\u00e0ng chu\u1ea9n v\u00e2n \u201cm\u1ecbn s\u00e2u\u201d.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 430\/201 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u201cph\u1eb3ng\u201d \u00edt chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n 304.<br \/>\n&#8211; 8K:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft: nh\u01b0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng; so \u0111\u1ed9 \u201c\u0111en n\u1ec1n\u201d v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eafc n\u00e9t \u1ea3nh ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304\/316 \u0111\u1ea1t \u201c\u0111en n\u1ec1n\u201d t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n (g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e2u) so v\u1edbi 201\/430.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-checklist-7-buoc-phan-biet-bang-mat-tai-hien-truon\">Checklist 7 b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n<p>1) L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec3m quan s\u00e1t (kh\u0103n microfiber + c\u1ed3n).<br \/>\n2) G\u1ee1 nh\u1eb9 l\u1edbp PVC \u1edf g\u00f3c nh\u1ecf n\u1ebfu c\u00f3.<br \/>\n3) D\u00f9ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u1eafng trung t\u00ednh; \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n 304 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3.<br \/>\n4) Nh\u00ecn \u1edf 30\u201360\u00b0: \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00f4ng m\u00e0u (tr\u1eafng l\u1ea1nh vs \u1ea5m\/v\u00e0ng\/x\u00e1m).<br \/>\n5) So ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng: d\u00f9ng t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y in ch\u1eef nh\u1ecf soi ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu, xem \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eafc vi\u1ec1n.<br \/>\n6) Quan s\u00e1t v\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edbc (No.4\/HL): \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u, c\u00f3 \u201cg\u00e3y v\u00e2n\u201d\/\u0111\u1ed1m\/da cam kh\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n7) So m\u00e9p c\u1eaft\/m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3): v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eadm l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi 201\/430.<\/p>\n<p>G\u1ee3i \u00fd b\u1ed5 sung kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng m\u1eaft: th\u1eed nam ch\u00e2m (430 h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh; 201\/304\/316 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00fat nh\u1eb9 sau gia c\u00f4ng), dung d\u1ecbch CuSO4 ho\u1eb7c test Mo \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 304\u2013316. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi \u201cch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn\u201d.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-dau-hieu-dong-goi-va-nhan-in-nen-tham-khao-nhung-k\">D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u00e0 nh\u00e3n in \u2013 n\u00ean tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ea5u d\u1eadp\/inkjet vi\u1ec1n t\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n: \u201cASTM A240\/AISI 304 2B\/BA\u2026\u201d, t\u00ean nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y (POSCO, TISCO, Jindal, Outokumpu\u2026).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1eef in tr\u00ean m\u00e0ng PVC: th\u01b0\u1eddng ghi m\u00e1c v\u00e0 logo.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o: nh\u00e3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb thay\/gi\u1ea3; lu\u00f4n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u MTC v\u00e0 th\u1eed nhanh khi l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1 \u201cb\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-nhung-nham-lan-thuong-gap-va-cach-tranh\">Nh\u1eefng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Nh\u1ea7m 304 v\u1edbi 316 b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft: g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3; \u0111\u1eebng k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9\/\u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed5 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n v\u00e0ng l\u00e0m 201 tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 304: lu\u00f4n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e8n tr\u1eafng trung t\u00ednh.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u1edbp x\u1ecbt\/\u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi che khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt: lau s\u1ea1ch r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1.<br \/>\n&#8211; So kh\u00e1c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n (BA vs No.4) \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn m\u00e1c: sai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u2013 ph\u1ea3i so trong c\u00f9ng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-khi-nao-can-vuot-qua-nhin-bang-mat\">Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u201cnh\u00ecn b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft\u201d?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ef1 \u00e1n ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\/ven bi\u1ec3n, b\u1ed3n b\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m\/h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c an to\u00e0n: y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 304 (ven bi\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n 316).<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u00e1 ch\u00e0o th\u1ea5p b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng cho h\u00e0ng \u201c304\u201d: ki\u1ec3m tra ngay b\u1eb1ng nam ch\u00e2m, test CuSO4 v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u MTC.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u00f4 h\u00e0ng pha tr\u1ed9n nhi\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9: l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec3 so, th\u1eed nhanh t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-11-ung-dung-thuc-te-tai-viet-nam\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; N\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t \u2013 thang m\u00e1y: No.4\/HL 304 cho \u00e1nh s\u1eafc trung t\u00ednh, \u00edt \u1ed1 tr\u00e0; 201 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u2013 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m: 304\/316 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t BA\/2B; 316 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho khu ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn m\u1eb7n\/ven bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0p m\u1eb7t d\u1ef1ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi: 304\/316 No.4\/HL\/8K; tr\u00e1nh 201 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u1ed1 tr\u00e0.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-12-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; ASSDA (Australian Stainless Steel Development Association): h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn Tea Staining &#038; l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c inox cho ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nickel Institute: Guidelines for Selection of Stainless Steels; Corrosion resistance resources.<br \/>\n&#8211; SSINA (Specialty Steel Industry of North America): Stainless Steel Finishes.<br \/>\n&#8211; Euro Inox: Guide to Stainless Steel Finishes (EN 10088 series).<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu Stainless Steel Handbook.<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<br \/>\nNh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft inox b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ba tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t: \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng (m\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u\u201d g\u01b0\u01a1ng), s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9 (tr\u1eafng l\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a 304\/316 vs \u1ea5m\/x\u00e1m c\u1ee7a 201\/430) v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (\u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e2n, khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u201cda cam\u201d). Trong c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n, 304\/316 th\u01b0\u1eddng cho m\u00e0u trung t\u00ednh l\u1ea1nh, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 trong v\u00e0 v\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u; 201 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u1ea5m\/x\u00e1m, g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u201cn\u00f4ng\u201d v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 l\u1ed9 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt; 430 x\u00e1m ngu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i h\u01a1n. Tuy v\u1eady, m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 cho k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t\u2014\u0111\u1eebng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 304 v\u1edbi 316; khi r\u1ee7i ro cao, lu\u00f4n b\u1ed5 sung th\u1eed nhanh v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 MTC. C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Hotline: 0343.417.281. Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft inox 201, 304, 316, 430 b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft qua \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng, s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t; ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 2B\/BA\/No.4\/HL\/8K k\u00e8m checklist ki\u1ec3m tra nhanh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1075,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1456","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1456","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1456"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1456\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1075"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1456"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1456"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1456"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}