{"id":1513,"date":"2026-01-05T00:34:15","date_gmt":"2026-01-04T17:34:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/danh-sach-hoa-chat-tuyet-doi-cam-dung-tren-be-mat-inox\/"},"modified":"2026-01-05T00:34:15","modified_gmt":"2026-01-04T17:34:15","slug":"danh-sach-hoa-chat-tuyet-doi-cam-dung-tren-be-mat-inox","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/danh-sach-hoa-chat-tuyet-doi-cam-dung-tren-be-mat-inox\/","title":{"rendered":"Danh s\u00e1ch h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ea5m d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t inox"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-vi-sao-inox-van-bi-hong-khi-dung-sai-hoa-chat\">V\u00ec sao inox v\u1eabn b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng khi d\u00f9ng sai h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-cac-nhom-hoa-chat-tuyet-doi-khong-dung-tren-inox\">C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean inox<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-rui-ro-theo-mac-inox-va-dieu-kien-van-hanh\">R\u1ee7i ro theo m\u00e1c inox v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-nhan-dien-nhanh-tren-nhan-san-pham-tranh-tu-khoa-s\">Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nhanh tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u2013 tr\u00e1nh t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a sau<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-hau-qua-thuong-gap-khi-dung-sai-hoa-chat\">H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi d\u00f9ng sai h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-giai-phap-thay-the-an-toan-de-ve-sinh-inox\">Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh inox<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-xu-ly-khan-cap-khi-lo-dung-hoa-chat-cam\">X\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p khi l\u1ee1 d\u00f9ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea5m<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-vi-du-thuc-te-tai-cong-trinhxuong-o-viet-nam\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh\/x\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-tom-tat-danh-sach-den-can-nho\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u201cdanh s\u00e1ch \u0111en\u201d c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-nguon-tham-khao-ky-thuat\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>B\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m inox. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng \u201ckh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u\u201d b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng sai h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t inox, k\u00e8m c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n, r\u1ee7i ro theo t\u1eebng m\u00e1c th\u00e9p (201\/304\/316\/430), d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i \u00fd ch\u1ea5t thay th\u1ebf an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-vi-sao-inox-van-bi-hong-khi-dung-sai-hoa-chat\">V\u00ec sao inox v\u1eabn b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng khi d\u00f9ng sai h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng Cr2O3 r\u1ea5t m\u1ecfng (v\u00e0i nm). L\u1edbp n\u00e0y t\u1ef1 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o khi c\u00f3 oxy nh\u01b0ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y b\u1edfi ion halogen (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t Cl-) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 axit\/ki\u1ec1m m\u1ea1nh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c trong khe h\u1edf.<br \/>\n&#8211; Khi l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u1ea3y ra \u0103n m\u00f2n r\u1ed7, k\u1ebd h\u1edf, n\u1ee9t \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t (SCC) ho\u1eb7c x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, m\u1ea5t th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u201clau s\u1ea1ch\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Tham kh\u1ea3o: British Stainless Steel Association (BSSA), Nickel Institute, ASSDA.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-cac-nhom-hoa-chat-tuyet-doi-khong-dung-tren-inox\">C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean inox<\/h2>\n<h3>1) Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y g\u1ed1c clo\/halogen (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t: Javen\/NaOCl)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; V\u00ed d\u1ee5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: Natri hypochlorite (Javen\/thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea9y), Canxi hypochlorite, Chlorine dioxide, \u201cChlorinated\u201d scouring powder, dung d\u1ecbch kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00ec sao c\u1ea5m: Clo t\u1ef1 do\/ion Cl- ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, g\u00e2y \u0103n m\u00f2n r\u1ed7 v\u00e0 SCC, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean 201\/304. Ngay c\u1ea3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1t khu\u1ea9n th\u1ea5p n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdng, n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ng k\u1ef9 v\u1eabn g\u00e2y r\u1ed7 nhanh.<br \/>\n&#8211; S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea7m: \u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh ch\u1ee9a chlorine\u201d, \u201ct\u1ea9y \u1ed1 m\u1ed1c g\u1ea1ch men\u201d, \u201cb\u1ed9t t\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng c\u00f3 clo\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd: Kh\u00f4ng pha tr\u1ed9n ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y clo v\u1edbi axit (gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u00ed Cl2 c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9c) v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng ng\u00e2m inox trong dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 clo.<\/p>\n<h3>2) Axit v\u00f4 c\u01a1 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9a ion halogen<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; C\u1ea5m d\u00f9ng:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Axit clohydric (HCl, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi axit muriatic\/axit l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch xi m\u0103ng, t\u1ea9y \u1ed1 b\u1ed3n c\u1ea7u).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Axit bromhydric (HBr).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Axit hydrofluoric (HF) \u2013 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nguy hi\u1ec3m, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y nhanh inox do h\u00f2a tan l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng Cr2O3.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Axit sulfuric (H2SO4) \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c\/n\u00f3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00ec sao c\u1ea5m: HCl\/HBr cung c\u1ea5p Cl- g\u00e2y r\u1ed7 k\u1ebd\/n\u1ee9t; HF ph\u00e1 l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng; H2SO4 \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c\/nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u00e0 r\u1ed7.<\/p>\n<h3>3) Mu\u1ed1i kim lo\u1ea1i halide\/oxyhalide \u0103n m\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; C\u1ea5m d\u00f9ng: S\u1eaft(III) clorua (FeCl3), \u0110\u1ed3ng(II) clorua (CuCl2), Thionyl chloride, Phosgene surrogates, c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch \u201cetchant\u201d l\u00e0m m\u1ea1ch in.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00ec sao c\u1ea5m: FeCl3\/CuCl2 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o r\u1ed7 m\u1ea1nh; FeCl3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch chu\u1ea9n ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 (ASTM G48), ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh \u201c\u0111\u1ee5c r\u1ed7\u201d inox.<\/p>\n<h3>4) \u201cCh\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda ph\u00f2ng t\u1eafm\/xi m\u0103ng\u201d ch\u1ee9a HCl ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p axit m\u1ea1nh<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Nh\u00e3n th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y: \u201cT\u1ea9y xi m\u0103ng \u2013 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch g\u1ea1ch\u201d, \u201cDescaler m\u1ea1nh\u201d, \u201cBrick cleaner\u201d.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00ec sao c\u1ea5m: Th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a HCl\/HF ho\u1eb7c mix axit m\u1ea1nh; \u1edf k\u1ebd g\u1ea1ch\/tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, dung d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, c\u1ea1nh m\u00e9p, bul\u00f4ng inox r\u1ea5t nhanh.<\/p>\n<h3>5) H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t pickling\/kh\u1eed x\u1ec9 m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n d\u1ea1ng HF + HNO3 (d\u00e0nh cho x\u01b0\u1edfng)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; V\u00ec sao c\u1ea5m trong v\u1ec7 sinh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng: D\u00f9 d\u00f9ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 h\u00e0n c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9a HF\/HNO3 c\u1ef1c \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng b\u1edfi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean c\u00f3 quy tr\u00ecnh, che ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 trung h\u00f2a, kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h3>6) Ki\u1ec1m m\u1ea1nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao (NaOH\/KOH \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c, >60\u00b0C)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; V\u00ec sao c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng: Austenitic (304\/316) ch\u1ecbu ki\u1ec1m ngu\u1ed9i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng ki\u1ec1m m\u1ea1nh n\u00f3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y n\u1ee9t \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t. Tr\u00e1nh ng\u00e2m l\u00e2u\/\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao; n\u1ebfu d\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i, tr\u00e1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eadt k\u1ef9 v\u00e0 trung h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n<h3>7) H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, ph\u1ee5 gia c\u00f3 d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cl- \u201c\u1ea9n\u201d<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; V\u00ed d\u1ee5: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 dung d\u1ecbch kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y m\u1ed1c, ph\u1ee5 gia th\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u1ed1ng, ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m h\u00e0n\/flux h\u00e0n c\u00f3 clorua, mu\u1ed1i amoni clorua.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00ec sao c\u1ea5m: D\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cl- l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i trong khe, ren, g\u1ed1c h\u00e0n g\u00e2y r\u1ed7 nhanh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m\/n\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n<h3>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u1ea5m k\u00e8m theo<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; B\u00f9i nh\u00f9i th\u00e9p carbon, ch\u1ed5i th\u00e9p, b\u1ed9t m\u00e0i c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t s\u1eaft: \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n Fe, sau \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ec9 n\u00e2u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o pin \u0103n m\u00f2n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Mi\u1ebfng c\u1ecd t\u0103ng ma s\u00e1t theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ngang v\u00e2n: l\u00e0m x\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00e1 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-rui-ro-theo-mac-inox-va-dieu-kien-van-hanh\">R\u1ee7i ro theo m\u00e1c inox v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox 201\/430 (\u00edt Ni ho\u1eb7c ferritic): K\u00e9m b\u1ec1n clorua h\u01a1n 304\/316; r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 r\u1ed7 v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y c\u00f3 clo ho\u1eb7c HCl.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 304: D\u1ec5 r\u1ed7\/SCC trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 Cl-, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t >25\u00b0C, \u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u1ebd h\u1edf.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 316\/316L: B\u1ec1n Cl- h\u01a1n 304 nh\u1edd Mo nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u201cmi\u1ec5n nhi\u1ec5m\u201d; v\u1eabn b\u1ecb r\u1ed7 n\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac clo\/axit m\u1ea1nh l\u00e2u, n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ng s\u1ea1ch.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u00e0m n\u1eb7ng th\u00eam: nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u0111\u1ecdng dung d\u1ecbch, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00e1m, khe h\u1edf, \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t k\u00e9o (m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n), mu\u1ed1i bi\u1ec3n\/kh\u00ed h\u1eadu ven bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-nhan-dien-nhanh-tren-nhan-san-pham-tranh-tu-khoa-s\">Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nhanh tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u2013 tr\u00e1nh t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a sau<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Chlorine, hypochlorite, sodium\/calcium hypochlorite, dichloroisocyanurate.<br \/>\n&#8211; Hydrochloric acid, muriatic acid, brick\/tiles cleaner, cement remover.<br \/>\n&#8211; Hydrofluoric acid, fluoride, rust remover m\u1ea1nh (acid).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ferric chloride, cupric chloride, PCB etchant.<br \/>\n&#8211; Caustic soda\/hydroxide (\u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c, d\u00f9ng n\u00f3ng).<br \/>\n&#8211; Flux ch\u1ee9a chloride, \u201canti-spatter\u201d c\u00f3 halogen.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a tr\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng cho inox. T\u00ecm l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u201cchlorine-free\u201d, \u201cacid-free\u201d ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng cho stainless steel.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-hau-qua-thuong-gap-khi-dung-sai-hoa-chat\">H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi d\u00f9ng sai h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u0102n m\u00f2n r\u1ed7 (\u0111\u1ed1m l\u1ed7 kim), nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 quanh gi\u1ecdt\/vi\u1ec1n n\u01b0\u1edbc.<br \/>\n&#8211; X\u1ec9n m\u00e0u loang l\u1ed5, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u201cch\u00e1y\u201d m\u1ed1c sau khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y.<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u1ee9t \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t quanh m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n\/chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i.<br \/>\n&#8211; R\u1ec9 n\u00e2u t\u00e1i di\u1ec5n do nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n s\u1eaft.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-giai-phap-thay-the-an-toan-de-ve-sinh-inox\">Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh inox<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; V\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Dung d\u1ecbch trung t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec1m nh\u1eb9 (pH ~7\u201310) kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a clo.<br \/>\n  &#8211; N\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m + x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng r\u1eeda b\u00e1t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p; kh\u0103n m\u1ec1m theo chi\u1ec1u v\u00e2n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Tr\u00e1ng th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch, lau kh\u00f4 ngay \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh v\u1ec7t kho\u00e1ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ea9y v\u1ebft b\u1ea9n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u1ea7u m\u1ee1: dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m nh\u1eb9, isopropyl\/ethanol 70% (kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a clo), r\u1eeda l\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ed0 kho\u00e1ng\/c\u1eb7n v\u00f4i: dung d\u1ecbch axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1 nh\u1eb9 (citric ho\u1eb7c acetic 5\u201310%), th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, tr\u00e1ng k\u1ef9.<br \/>\n  &#8211; V\u1ebft tr\u00e0 \u1ed1\/\u0111\u1ed1m nh\u1eb9: b\u1ed9t baking soda v\u1edbi \u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh \u201cpaste\u201d, ch\u00e0 nh\u1eb9 theo v\u00e2n, r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng: dung d\u1ecbch hydrogen peroxide ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed3n (ethanol\/isopropyl) kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a clo; r\u1eeda v\u00e0 lau kh\u00f4.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau thi c\u00f4ng\/h\u00e0n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng b\u1ed9 dung d\u1ecbch pickling\/passivation chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng (\u01b0u ti\u00ean g\u1ed1c citric) theo chu\u1ea9n ASTM A380\/A967, b\u1edfi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 tay ngh\u1ec1, trung h\u00f2a v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 tr\u00e1ng \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-xu-ly-khan-cap-khi-lo-dung-hoa-chat-cam\">X\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p khi l\u1ee1 d\u00f9ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea5m<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1eebng ngay, x\u1ea3 tr\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n (kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh l\u00fac n\u00e0y).<br \/>\n&#8211; Trung h\u00f2a nh\u1eb9 n\u1ebfu ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u00ednh ki\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trung h\u00f2a b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ch\u00fat axit citric; d\u00ednh axit nh\u1eb9 trung h\u00f2a b\u1eb1ng dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m r\u1ea5t lo\u00e3ng). Kh\u00f4ng pha khi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u2013 \u01b0u ti\u00ean x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u00e0m kh\u00f4 nhanh; ki\u1ec3m tra r\u1ed7, x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u, m\u00e9p k\u1ebd.<br \/>\n&#8211; Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1i th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a (passivation) v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ed7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang lan r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-vi-du-thuc-te-tai-cong-trinhxuong-o-viet-nam\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh\/x\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; B\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: D\u00f9ng Javen kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng m\u1eb7t b\u00e0n 304 sau ca l\u00e0m \u2192 m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea5m t\u1ea5m r\u1ed7 quanh ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 khe n\u1ed1i. Chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u1ed3n 70% + r\u1eeda n\u01b0\u1edbc \u2192 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh thang m\u00e1y: D\u00f9ng t\u1ea9y b\u1ed3n c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 HCl \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y v\u1ec7t \u1ed1 s\u00e0n, n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y d\u1ecdc m\u00e9p c\u1eeda inox 201 \u2192 x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u loang v\u00e0 r\u1ed7 \u1edf c\u1ea1nh trong 24\u201348 gi\u1edd. Kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c: r\u1eeda n\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng nh\u1eb9, passivation l\u1ea1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; X\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed: D\u00f9ng b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i th\u00e9p carbon + b\u1ed9t t\u1ea9y clo \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch lan can inox 304 \u2192 r\u1ec9 n\u00e2u t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t. Kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c: lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng pad kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t, t\u1ea9y nh\u1eb9 b\u1eb1ng citric, r\u1eeda v\u00e0 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-tom-tat-danh-sach-den-can-nho\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u201cdanh s\u00e1ch \u0111en\u201d c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; C\u1ea5m: Javen\/NaOCl, Ca(OCl)2, dung d\u1ecbch kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 clo; HCl\/HBr; HF; H2SO4 \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c\/n\u00f3ng; FeCl3\/CuCl2; ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y xi m\u0103ng\/nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh ch\u1ee9a axit m\u1ea1nh; ki\u1ec1m m\u1ea1nh d\u00f9ng n\u00f3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng clorua t\u1eeb flux, ph\u1ee5 gia, ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng b\u00f9i nh\u00f9i th\u00e9p carbon\/b\u1ed9t m\u00e0i ch\u1ee9a s\u1eaft tr\u00ean inox.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-nguon-tham-khao-ky-thuat\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; British Stainless Steel Association (BSSA) \u2013 Stainless steel and chlorine; Care and maintenance of stainless steel: https:\/\/bssa.org.uk<br \/>\n&#8211; Nickel Institute \u2013 Chloride stress corrosion cracking; Stainless steels in caustic solutions; Care and cleaning guidance: https:\/\/nickelinstitute.org<br \/>\n&#8211; ASSDA \u2013 Care and maintenance of stainless steel: https:\/\/www.assda.asn.au\/technical-faqs\/care-and-maintenance-of-stainless-steel<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu \u2013 Chemical resistance of stainless steels: https:\/\/www.outokumpu.com\/experience\/technical-support\/chemical-resistance<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM A380\/A967 \u2013 L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a inox.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Mu\u1ed1n inox b\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb9p l\u00e2u n\u0103m, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d v\u1edbi clo (Javen, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i, t\u1ea9y b\u1ed3n c\u1ea7u), axit HCl\/HF v\u00e0 c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch halide\/ki\u1ec1m m\u1ea1nh d\u00f9ng n\u00f3ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ph\u00e1 l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00e2y r\u1ed7, n\u1ee9t v\u00e0 x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u nhanh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi 201\/304. H\u00e3y d\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y trung t\u00ednh\/ki\u1ec1m nh\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a clo, axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1 nh\u1eb9 (citric\/acetic) cho c\u1eb7n kho\u00e1ng, c\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c hydrogen peroxide \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n tr\u00e1ng \u2013 lau kh\u00f4 k\u1ef9. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ee1 d\u00f9ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea5m, x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngay v\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng lan r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p theo m\u00e1c inox v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox Cuong Thinh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<br \/>\nHotline: 0343.417.281<br \/>\nEmail: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tr\u00e1nh h\u1ecfng inox: Li\u1ec7t k\u00ea h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea5m d\u00f9ng (Javen, HCl, HF, FeCl3&#8230;), c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n, r\u1ee7i ro theo m\u00e1c th\u00e9p v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t thay th\u1ebf an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec7 sinh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1074,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1513","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1513","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1513"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1513\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1074"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1513"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1513"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1513"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}