{"id":1555,"date":"2026-01-15T12:33:49","date_gmt":"2026-01-15T05:33:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-chi-tiet-a-z-2\/"},"modified":"2026-01-15T12:33:49","modified_gmt":"2026-01-15T05:33:49","slug":"inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-chi-tiet-a-z-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-chi-tiet-a-z-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Inox v\u00e0 Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? So s\u00e1nh chi ti\u1ebft A\u2013Z"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-1-khai-niem-va-ban-chat-vat-lieu\">1) Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-2-thanh-phan-hoa-hoc-diem-khac-biet-cot-loi\">2) Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc: \u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-3-co-tinh-va-tinh-chat-vat-ly\">3) C\u01a1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-4-chong-an-mon-va-tuoi-tho\">4) Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-5-gia-cong-han-va-xu-ly-be-mat\">5) Gia c\u00f4ng, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-6-chi-phi-va-tong-chi-phi-so-huu-tco\">6) Chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1edf h\u1eefu (TCO)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-7-ung-dung-thuc-te-va-goi-y-chon-mac\">7) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i \u00fd ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-8-cach-nhan-biet-va-kiem-tra-nhanh\">8) C\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra nhanh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-9-tieu-chuan-va-quy-cach-pho-bien-tai-viet-nam\">9) Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 quy c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-10-loi-lua-chon-vat-lieu-thuong-gap-va-cach-tranh\">10) L\u1ed7i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-11-so-sanh-nhanh-theo-tieu-chi-quan-trong\">11) So s\u00e1nh nhanh theo ti\u00eau ch\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-11-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-12-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u01a1 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn inox hay th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd, chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: inox v\u00e0 th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, n\u00ean d\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o trong t\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ngay.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-1-khai-niem-va-ban-chat-vat-lieu\">1) Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox (th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9): L\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u kho\u1ea3ng 10,5% Cr, t\u1ea1o l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng Cr2O3 t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, gi\u00fap ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh: Austenitic (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 201, 304, 316), Ferritic (430), Martensitic (410, 420) v\u00e0 Duplex (2205).<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng: Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 th\u00e9p cacbon v\u00e0 th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim th\u1ea5p (Cr t\u1ed5ng < 10,5%). Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0ng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, n\u00ean c\u1ea7n s\u01a1n, m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9.\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-2-thanh-phan-hoa-hoc-diem-khac-biet-cot-loi\">2) Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc: \u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox austenitic th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304\/304L: Cr 18\u201320%, Ni 8\u201310,5%. C th\u1ea5p v\u1edbi \u201cL\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t, gi\u1ea3m \u0103n m\u00f2n li\u00ean tinh.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316\/316L: Cr 16\u201318%, Ni 10\u201314%, Mo 2\u20133% t\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 pitting trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chloride.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: Cr 16\u201318%, Ni 3,5\u20135,5% (Ni th\u1ea5p, Mn v\u00e0 N cao). Gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n 304 nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh:<br \/>\n  &#8211; A36\/SS400\/Q235: Th\u00e9p cacbon th\u1ea5p, C ~0,2\u20130,26%, Mn ~0,6\u20131,2%.<br \/>\n  &#8211; C45\/S45C: Th\u00e9p cacbon trung b\u00ecnh, C ~0,45% cho chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t luy\u1ec7n.<br \/>\n\u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t: Cr \u226510,5% trong inox t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9; th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-3-co-tinh-va-tinh-chat-vat-ly\">3) C\u01a1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u01a1 t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y\/yield (MPa):<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304\/316: kho\u1ea3ng 200\u2013240 MPa (kh\u00f4ng h\u00f3a b\u1ec1n ngu\u1ed9i).<br \/>\n  &#8211; A36\/SS400: kho\u1ea3ng 235\u2013250 MPa.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o\/UTS (MPa):<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304: kho\u1ea3ng 520\u2013720 MPa; 316: kho\u1ea3ng 515\u2013690 MPa.<br \/>\n  &#8211; A36: kho\u1ea3ng 400\u2013550 MPa.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo: Inox austenitic v\u00e0 th\u00e9p cacbon th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ebbo t\u1ed1t; inox austenitic l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ngu\u1ed9i t\u0103ng b\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng: T\u00f9y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i; martensitic c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ee9ng cao, austenitic kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h3>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang: inox ~7,9 g\/cm\u00b3; th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng ~7,85 g\/cm\u00b3 (x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 nhau).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t: inox austenitic ~15\u201317 W\/m\u00b7K (th\u1ea5p); th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng ~50\u201360 W\/m\u00b7K (cao h\u01a1n).<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t: inox austenitic ~16\u201317 \u00b5m\/m\u00b7K; th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng ~11\u201313 \u00b5m\/m\u00b7K.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1eeb t\u00ednh: inox austenitic th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m sau bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ngu\u1ed9i); ferritic\/martensitic v\u00e0 th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: inox gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t k\u00e9m h\u01a1n th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng; c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn khe h\u1edf gi\u00e3n n\u1edf, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-4-chong-an-mon-va-tuoi-tho\">4) Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a inox: m\u00e0ng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e0u Cr t\u1ef1 l\u00e0nh khi b\u1ecb x\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 oxy. H\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 Mo (316) v\u00e0 N c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 do chloride.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng: g\u1ec9 nhanh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m\/s\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1i; b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (s\u01a1n, m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 PREN (\u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7): PREN \u2248 %Cr + 3,3\u00d7%Mo + 16\u00d7%N.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304: PREN ~18\u201319 (ch\u1ec9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chloride nh\u1eb9).<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316: PREN ~24 (t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n r\u00f5 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a Cl-).<\/p>\n<h3>\u1ee8ng x\u1eed theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Trong nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o: th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng n\u1ebfu s\u01a1n t\u1ed1t; inox 201\/304 cho th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, \u00edt b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba (kh\u00f4ng g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n): 304 \u1ed5n cho lan can, m\u00e1i che; th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i s\u01a1n\/m\u1ea1 t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ven bi\u1ec3n\/kh\u00ed h\u1eadu m\u1eb7n: \u01b0u ti\u00ean 316; 304 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u1ed1 tr\u00e0 (tea staining); 201 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ven bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, y t\u1ebf: 304\/316 v\u00ec v\u1ec7 sinh, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec7 sinh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9\/ng\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc: 304 cho n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch; 316 khi c\u00f3 chloride\/axit y\u1ebfu; ki\u1ec3m tra pH, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, ion Cl- th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-5-gia-cong-han-va-xu-ly-be-mat\">5) Gia c\u00f4ng, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; C\u1eaft g\u1ecdt: inox austenitic h\u00f3a b\u1ec1n ngu\u1ed9i nhanh; d\u00f9ng dao c\u1ee9ng, g\u00f3c c\u1eaft h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u00f9ng dung d\u1ecbch tr\u01a1n ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<br \/>\n&#8211; U\u1ed1n\/d\u1eadp: inox austenitic d\u1ec5 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh; c\u1ea7n b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh r\u1ea1n n\u1ee9t do h\u00f3a b\u1ec1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ch\u1ecdn que\/d\u00e2y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p: 308L cho 304; 316L cho 316; d\u00f9ng \u201cL\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a Cr-carbide.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch sau h\u00e0n; pickling-passivation \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i m\u00e0ng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n d\u1ec5, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u00f9ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n n\u1ebfu l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t inox: 2B, BA, HL, No.4\u2026 B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e0ng m\u1ecbn c\u00e0ng ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-6-chi-phi-va-tong-chi-phi-so-huu-tco\">6) Chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1edf h\u1eefu (TCO)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Gi\u00e1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: th\u01b0\u1eddng, 304 \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng 2,5\u20134 l\u1ea7n theo kg; 316 \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n 304; 201 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n 304. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nickel\/molybdenum.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gia c\u00f4ng: inox t\u1ed1n dao c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n; b\u00f9 l\u1ea1i \u00edt ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u01a1n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi: th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i s\u01a1n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3; inox, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec th\u1ea5p. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ven bi\u1ec3n\/\u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, inox \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n t\u00ednh tr\u00ean v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-7-ung-dung-thuc-te-va-goi-y-chon-mac\">7) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i \u00fd ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, khung nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng trong \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n: th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng A36\/SS400 s\u01a1n\/m\u1ea1; d\u00f9ng inox khi \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, v\u1ec7 sinh, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Lan can, \u1ed1p m\u1eb7t d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb: 304 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t HL\/No.4; ven bi\u1ec3n xem x\u00e9t 316.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m: 304 cho b\u00e0n, ch\u1eadu, k\u1ec7; 316 cho khu v\u1ef1c mu\u1ed1i m\u1eb7n, n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3, s\u1ed1t\/ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9\/n\u01b0\u1edbc: 304\/316 theo Cl-, pH, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9; 201 ch\u1ec9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb9, trong nh\u00e0.<br \/>\n&#8211; Chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec7t luy\u1ec7n: th\u00e9p cacbon trung b\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 C45\/S45C.<\/p>\n<p>Checklist nhanh khi ch\u1ecdn:<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, chloride, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t?<br \/>\n&#8211; Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn?<br \/>\n&#8211; Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 vs chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi?<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gia c\u00f4ng, h\u00e0n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3?<br \/>\n&#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh?<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-8-cach-nhan-biet-va-kiem-tra-nhanh\">8) C\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra nhanh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Nam ch\u00e2m: ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u01a1 b\u1ed9; inox austenitic th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00fat nh\u1eb9 sau c\u00e1n\/\u0111\u1eadp; kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra tia l\u1eeda: th\u00e9p cacbon ph\u00e1t tia nhi\u1ec1u, ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh; inox austenitic tia \u00edt h\u01a1n. C\u1ea7n kinh nghi\u1ec7m.<br \/>\n&#8211; Thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed Mo (moly drop): ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 304 v\u1edbi 316 (316 cho ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh do c\u00f3 Mo).<br \/>\n&#8211; PMI\/XRF: ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\/tem nh\u00e3n: ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 Mill Test Certificate (MTC), k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-9-tieu-chuan-va-quy-cach-pho-bien-tai-viet-nam\">9) Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 quy c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox:<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n: ASTM A240\/A480; JIS G4304\/G4305; EN 10088. M\u00e1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: 201, 304\/304L (SUS304), 316\/316L (SUS316), 430.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n\/\u0111\u00fac: ASTM A312\/A554; JIS G3448\/G3463.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Thanh\/\u0111\u1eb7c: ASTM A276.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng:<br \/>\n  &#8211; T\u1ea5m: ASTM A36; JIS G3101 SS400; GB Q235.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ed0ng: ASTM A106\/A53; JIS G3452\/G3444.<br \/>\nL\u01b0u \u00fd: T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM\/JIS\/EN t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u MTC r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-10-loi-lua-chon-vat-lieu-thuong-gap-va-cach-tranh\">10) L\u1ed7i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; D\u00f9ng inox 201 cho h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ven bi\u1ec3n: d\u1ec5 \u1ed1 v\u00e0 r\u1ed7. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: chuy\u1ec3n 304 v\u1edbi ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c 316.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng \u201ctest nam ch\u00e2m\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh 304: d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea7m v\u1edbi 201. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: d\u00f9ng PMI ho\u1eb7c test Mo, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u MTC.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n inox kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y \u201cL\u201d, kh\u00f4ng pickling-passivation: g\u00e2y \u0103n m\u00f2n m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: 308L\/316L v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd sau h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gia c\u00f4ng inox b\u1eb1ng chung d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u1edbi th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng: nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n Fe sinh g\u1ec9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ri\u00eang, v\u1ec7 sinh\/passivation.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 s\u01a1n m\u1ecfng: nhanh bong tr\u00f3c, g\u1ec9. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: h\u1ec7 s\u01a1n chu\u1ea9n, m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecdn inox.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-11-so-sanh-nhanh-theo-tieu-chi-quan-trong\">11) So s\u00e1nh nhanh theo ti\u00eau ch\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n: inox 316 > 304 >> 201 > th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u01a1n\/m\u1ea1.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u00e1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng < 201 < 304 < 316.\n- Gia c\u00f4ng d\u1ec5: th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u2265 inox ferritic > inox austenitic.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, v\u1ec7 sinh: inox v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i.<br \/>\n&#8211; Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t\/d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n: th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng cao h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\/ven bi\u1ec3n: \u01b0u ti\u00ean 316; 304 cho n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba; th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-11-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Nickel Institute \u2013 Stainless Steels: An Introduction and Their Properties: https:\/\/www.nickelinstitute.org<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu Stainless Steel Handbook: https:\/\/www.outokumpu.com\/handbook<br \/>\n&#8211; SSINA \u2013 General Stainless Steel Information (304\/316 data): https:\/\/www.ssina.com<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM International \u2013 Material Standards (A240, A276, A312, A36): https:\/\/www.astm.org<br \/>\n&#8211; AZoM Materials \u2013 Stainless Steel 304 and 316 Property Datasheets: https:\/\/www.azom.com<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-12-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa inox v\u00e0 th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m \u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n do th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n Cr trong inox t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 t\u00ednh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, hai nh\u00f3m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng inox c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd, th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m, c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9. Ch\u1ecdn 316 cho ven bi\u1ec3n\/h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 chloride, 304 cho n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba\/\u0111\u1ed3 gia d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh trong nh\u00e0, 201 cho h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o \u00edt kh\u1eaft khe v\u1ec1 \u0103n m\u00f2n, v\u00e0 th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng cho k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kinh t\u1ebf khi c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Lu\u00f4n x\u00e1c minh m\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng MTC ho\u1eb7c PMI \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n nhanh theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb m\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Hotline: 0343.417.281. Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t inox vs th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb A\u2013Z: th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, gia c\u00f4ng, gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng; k\u00e8m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nhanh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1049,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1555","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1555","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1555"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1555\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1049"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1555"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1555"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1555"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}