{"id":1557,"date":"2026-01-16T00:34:32","date_gmt":"2026-01-15T17:34:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/vi-sao-co-inox-hut-nam-cham-co-loai-lai-khong-giai-thich-chuan\/"},"modified":"2026-01-16T00:34:32","modified_gmt":"2026-01-15T17:34:32","slug":"vi-sao-co-inox-hut-nam-cham-co-loai-lai-khong-giai-thich-chuan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/vi-sao-co-inox-hut-nam-cham-co-loai-lai-khong-giai-thich-chuan\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00ec sao c\u00f3 inox h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m, c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng? Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chu\u1ea9n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-co-che-tu-tinh-trong-thep-khong-gi-di-tu-goc-vi-ki\">C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1eeb t\u00ednh trong th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9: \u0111i t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c vi kim lo\u1ea1i<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-cac-nhom-inox-pho-bien-va-muc-do-hut-nam-cham\">C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m inox ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-vi-sao-304316-doi-khi-van-hut-nam-cham\">V\u00ec sao 304\/316 \u0111\u00f4i khi v\u1eabn h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-tu-tinh-co-lien-quan-den-chong-an-mon-khong\">T\u1eeb t\u00ednh c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-khi-nao-nen-chon-inox-hut-hay-khong-hut-nam-cham\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn inox h\u00fat hay kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-cach-kiem-tra-nhanh-tai-xuong-tranh-bay-nam-cham\">C\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra nhanh t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng: tr\u00e1nh \u201cb\u1eaby\u201d nam ch\u00e2m<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-nhung-hieu-lam-thuong-gap\">Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-khuyen-nghi-lua-chon-cho-cong-trinh-tai-viet-nam\">Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-nguon-tham-khao-chinh\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n tai \u201cinox chu\u1ea9n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m\u201d, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 inox h\u00fat r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh (nh\u01b0 430), s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat (nh\u01b0 316 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ee7), v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat nh\u01b0ng sau u\u1ed1n\/\u00e9p l\u1ea1i h\u00fat nh\u1eb9 (nh\u01b0 304). B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00ec sao c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-co-che-tu-tinh-trong-thep-khong-gi-di-tu-goc-vi-ki\">C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1eeb t\u00ednh trong th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9: \u0111i t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c vi kim lo\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh t\u1eeb<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Austenitic (m\u1eb7t kh\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u2013 FCC, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c m\u00e1c 200\/300 nh\u01b0 201, 304, 316): v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 phi t\u1eeb t\u00ednh (paramagnetic), g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m khi \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ee7 (annealed).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ferritic (kh\u1ed1i t\u00e2m kh\u1ed1i \u2013 BCC, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 409, 430): s\u1eaft t\u1eeb (ferromagnetic) n\u00ean h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Martensitic (kh\u1ed1i t\u00e2m th\u1ec3 t\u00edch bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u2013 BCT, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 410, 420): s\u1eaft t\u1eeb, h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i, ram \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; Duplex (pha k\u00e9p austenite + ferrite, nh\u01b0 2205): c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ferrite \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh \u1edf m\u1ee9c v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn: FCC \u2248 kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat; BCC\/BCT \u2248 h\u00fat.<\/p>\n<h3>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Cr\u00f4m (Cr) \u2248 10,5% tr\u1edf l\u00ean t\u1ea1o l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9; kh\u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u00ednh t\u1eeb.<br \/>\n&#8211; Niken (Ni) \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh pha austenite (FCC) \u2192 gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. 304\/316 c\u00f3 Ni 8\u201312% n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat.<br \/>\n&#8211; Mangan (Mn), Nit\u01a1 (N) c\u0169ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh austenite nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n Ni. 201\/202 d\u00f9ng Mn + N thay m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n Ni \u2192 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1eeb h\u00f3a khi gia c\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Cacbon (C) cao th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y martensite \u1edf nh\u00f3m 400 \u2192 t\u0103ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-cac-nhom-inox-pho-bien-va-muc-do-hut-nam-cham\">C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m inox ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Series 300 (304\/304L, 316\/316L): kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ee7; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00fat nh\u1eb9 sau c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i, d\u1eadp, u\u1ed1n g\u1ea5p, ti\u1ec7n ngu\u1ed9i do bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i austenite \u2192 martensite c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Series 200 (201\/202): t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 300 nh\u01b0ng \u00edt Ni h\u01a1n, nh\u1ea1y bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n \u2192 sau gia c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00fat nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eeba; ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 k\u00e9m h\u01a1n 304\/316.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ferritic 400 (430, 409): h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t; ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 trung b\u00ecnh, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t\/khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o.<br \/>\n&#8211; Martensitic 400 (410, 420, 440): h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh; d\u00f9ng cho dao k\u00e9o, tr\u1ee5c, chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Duplex (2205, 2507): h\u00fat m\u1ee9c v\u1eeba do c\u00f3 pha ferrite; ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t do \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cl-.<\/p>\n<p>Ghi ch\u00fa: \u0110\u1ed9 \u201ch\u00fat m\u1ea1nh\u201d hay \u201ch\u00fat nh\u1eb9\u201d c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ngu\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-vi-sao-304316-doi-khi-van-hut-nam-cham\">V\u00ec sao 304\/316 \u0111\u00f4i khi v\u1eabn h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng ngu\u1ed9i: C\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i, d\u1eadp s\u00e2u, u\u1ed1n g\u1ea5p, k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n austenite chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh martensite c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u2192 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb t\u00ednh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf m\u00e9p u\u1ed1n, v\u00f9ng l\u1ed7 d\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i No.4\/BA c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0n: M\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a delta-ferrite \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t n\u00f3ng, n\u00ean h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n d\u00f9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n bi\u00ean: 201\/304 bi\u00ean th\u1ea5p Ni ho\u1eb7c 304 thay th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n Ni b\u1eb1ng Mn\/N (\u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng) s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb t\u00ednh h\u01a1n sau gia c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng: 304 \u201ch\u00fat nh\u1eb9\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-tu-tinh-co-lien-quan-den-chong-an-mon-khong\">T\u1eeb t\u00ednh c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng?<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng. T\u1eeb t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n Cr, Mo, N, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<br \/>\n&#8211; 430 h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 k\u00e9m h\u01a1n 304 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m\/m\u1eb7n.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng pitting v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i nh\u1edd Mo, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n\/Cl-.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304 h\u00fat nh\u1eb9 sau u\u1ed1n v\u1eabn ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 304 \u1ee7 n\u1ebfu l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n\/kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-khi-nao-nen-chon-inox-hut-hay-khong-hut-nam-cham\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn inox h\u00fat hay kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, y t\u1ebf, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n nh\u1eb9: 304 ho\u1eb7c 316L (\u01b0u ti\u00ean kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 t\u1ed1t).<br \/>\n&#8211; Khu v\u1ef1c ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Cl- cao: 316\/316L ho\u1eb7c Duplex 2205 (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i h\u00fat nh\u01b0ng b\u1ec1n \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u01a1n).<br \/>\n&#8211; Trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, chi ph\u00ed t\u1ed1i \u01b0u: 201 ho\u1eb7c 430 (430 h\u00fat, d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng, gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t; c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u1ed1 m\u00e0u\/\u0103n m\u00f2n trong \u1ea9m m\u1eb7n).<br \/>\n&#8211; Dao k\u00e9o, tr\u1ee5c, chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n: 410\/420\/440 (h\u00fat, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng).<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u0103ng t\u1ea3i t\u1eeb, t\u00e1ch s\u1eaft, ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng\/induction: \u01b0u ti\u00ean ferritic\/martensitic (h\u00fat).<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 g\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o nh\u1ea1y t\u1eeb, MRI), ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng austenitic ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao (316L\/310), \u1ee7 chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ngu\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-cach-kiem-tra-nhanh-tai-xuong-tranh-bay-nam-cham\">C\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra nhanh t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng: tr\u00e1nh \u201cb\u1eaby\u201d nam ch\u00e2m<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u1eed nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch:<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u00f9ng nam ch\u00e2m nh\u1ecf, ki\u1ec3m tra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed: v\u00f9ng ph\u1eb3ng \u1ee7, m\u00e9p u\u1ed1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u00fat nh\u1eb9 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 \u1edf 304 sau u\u1ed1n\/h\u00e0n l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u00fat m\u1ea1nh to\u00e0n t\u1ea5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 201\/430.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; S\u00fang PMI\/XRF: cho t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 Cr-Ni-Mo-Mn nhanh v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<br \/>\n  &#8211; B\u00fat \u0111o Mo (moly test) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 304 (kh\u00f4ng Mo) v\u00e0 316 (c\u00f3 Mo).<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00f3a nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; B\u1ed9 test Ni\/Mo th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i cho hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n&#8211; So s\u00e1nh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang v\u00e0 tia l\u1eeda:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb l\u00e0m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u00ednh. Tia l\u1eeda v\u1edbi inox ngh\u00e8o cacbon r\u1ea5t \u00edt, kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (MTC) theo ASTM A240\/EN 10088; ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e1c, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t luy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb9o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf:<br \/>\n&#8211; 201 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00fat nh\u1eb9 sau gia c\u00f4ng, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t d\u1ec5 \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng khi g\u1eb7p \u1ea9m m\u1eb7n, gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 304 kho\u1ea3ng 20\u201335% t\u00f9y th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<br \/>\n&#8211; 430 h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Ni; nam ch\u00e2m b\u00e1m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng ph\u1eb3ng, nh\u01b0ng d\u1ec5 r\u1ec9 n\u00e2u \u1edf ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u1ea9m m\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-nhung-hieu-lam-thuong-gap\">Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u201cInox chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m\u201d: Sai. Nhi\u1ec1u inox chu\u1ea9n (430, 410, duplex) h\u00fat. 304 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00fat nh\u1eb9 sau gia c\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u201cH\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m l\u00e0 inox gi\u1ea3\u201d: Sai. T\u00ednh t\u1eeb ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c pha kim lo\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u201c304 h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 do \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng\u201d: Sai. \u0110\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3; nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng ngu\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i 304.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u201cCh\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nam ch\u00e2m l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 201 v\u1edbi 304\u201d: Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. C\u1ea7n PMI ho\u1eb7c test h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-khuyen-nghi-lua-chon-cho-cong-trinh-tai-viet-nam\">Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; N\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, lan can trong nh\u00e0, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4: 201\/430 (ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m), nh\u01b0ng tr\u00e1nh khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea9m\/m\u01b0a t\u1ea1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ed3n b\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m: 304\/304L; ch\u1ed7 h\u00e0n n\u00ean passivation kh\u1eed s\u1ea1ch x\u1ec9\/\u00f4x\u00edt.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb9: 304; v\u00f9ng g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1i Cl-: 316\/316L.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao: 316L\/317L ho\u1eb7c Duplex 2205.<br \/>\n&#8211; Chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ea7n t\u1eeb t\u00ednh\/\u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng: 410\/420\/440 ho\u1eb7c 430 t\u00f9y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-nguon-tham-khao-chinh\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Outokumpu Stainless Steel Handbook, 11th Edition \u2013 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, t\u00ednh t\u1eeb v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nickel Institute Technical Series: \u201cMagnetic Properties of Stainless Steels\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cComparing 200- and 300-series Stainless Steels\u201d.<br \/>\n&#8211; ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels (ASM International) \u2013 ph\u1ea7n vi kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i martensite c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; International Stainless Steel Forum (ISSF): \u201cThe Stainless Steel Family\u201d v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nh\u00f3m 200\/300\/400.<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM A240\/A240M; EN 10088 \u2013 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea5m\/coil inox.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Inox h\u00fat hay kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o pha vi kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim: austenitic (201\/304\/316) th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat khi \u1ee7 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00fat nh\u1eb9 sau gia c\u00f4ng; ferritic\/martensitic (430\/410\/420) h\u00fat r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t; duplex h\u00fat m\u1ee9c v\u1eeba. T\u1eeb t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn, h\u00e3y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u1eed nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n (PMI\/test Mo\/Ni) v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 nhanh theo h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh: 0343.417.281 \u2013 inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c, \u0111\u00fang \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Inox h\u00fat hay kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi kim lo\u1ea1i, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn 201\/304\/316\/430 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, tr\u00e1nh mua nh\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1030,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1557","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1557","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1557"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1557\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1030"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1557"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1557"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1557"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}