{"id":1572,"date":"2026-01-19T12:33:45","date_gmt":"2026-01-19T05:33:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/ban-do-mac-inox-pho-bien-thanh-phan-chong-an-mon-ung-dung\/"},"modified":"2026-01-25T00:36:15","modified_gmt":"2026-01-24T17:36:15","slug":"ban-do-mac-inox-pho-bien-thanh-phan-chong-an-mon-ung-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/ban-do-mac-inox-pho-bien-thanh-phan-chong-an-mon-ung-dung\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e1c Inox ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"padding: 15px; border-left: 4px solid #0073aa; background-color: #f7f7f7; margin: 20px 0;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>\u27a1\ufe0f B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-thuong-va-thu-nhanh-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Inox 201, 304, 316, 430 b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 th\u1eed nhanh<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 15px; border-left: 4px solid #0073aa; background-color: #f7f7f7; margin: 20px 0;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>\u27a1\ufe0f B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/bang-xep-hang-mac-inox-theo-chong-an-mon-304-316-duplex-904l\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">B\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng m\u00e1c inox theo ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n: 304, 316, Duplex, 904L<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 15px; border-left: 4px solid #0073aa; background-color: #f7f7f7; margin: 20px 0;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>\u27a1\ufe0f B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-duplex-la-gi-cau-truc-tinh-nang-mac-thep-va-ung-dung\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Inox Duplex l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng, m\u00e1c th\u00e9p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 15px; border-left: 4px solid #0073aa; background-color: #f7f7f7; margin: 20px 0;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>\u27a1\ufe0f B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-chiu-nhiet-310s-309s-va-304h-so-sanh-va-cach-chon-toi-uu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t 310S, 309S v\u00e0 304H: so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 15px; border-left: 4px solid #0073aa; background-color: #f7f7f7; margin: 20px 0;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>\u27a1\ufe0f B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-304l-va-304h-la-gi-khac-gi-so-voi-inox-304-tieu-chuan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Inox 304L v\u00e0 304H l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Kh\u00e1c g\u00ec so v\u1edbi Inox 304 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 15px; border-left: 4px solid #0073aa; background-color: #f7f7f7; margin: 20px 0;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>\u27a1\ufe0f B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/thanh-phan-inox-304-vai-tro-quyet-dinh-cua-niken-va-crom\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n Inox 304: Vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Niken v\u00e0 Crom<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 15px; border-left: 4px solid #0073aa; background-color: #f7f7f7; margin: 20px 0;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>\u27a1\ufe0f B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-430-thanh-phan-dac-tinh-ung-dung-va-vi-sao-hut-nam-cham\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Inox 430: Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 v\u00ec sao h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 15px; border-left: 4px solid #0073aa; background-color: #f7f7f7; margin: 20px 0;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>\u27a1\ufe0f B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-316-316l-chong-an-mon-toi-uu-cho-bien-va-nganh-hoa-chat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Inox 316\/316L: Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 15px; border-left: 4px solid #0073aa; background-color: #f7f7f7; margin: 20px 0;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>\u27a1\ufe0f B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-201-uu-nhuoc-diem-so-sanh-304-va-ung-dung-phu-hop-nhat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Inox 201: \u01afu nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m, so s\u00e1nh 304 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 15px; border-left: 4px solid #0073aa; background-color: #f7f7f7; margin: 20px 0;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0;\"><strong>\u27a1\ufe0f B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-304-la-gi-thanh-phan-tinh-chat-va-ly-do-pho-bien-nhat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Inox 304 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00fd do ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-toan-canh-sau-ve-cac-mac-inox-chon-dung-thi-cong-c\">To\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u00e1c Inox: ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang, thi c\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n, b\u1ec1n l\u00e2u<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-nen-tang-inox-la-gi-va-vi-sao-phai-chon-mac-dung\">N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng: Inox l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 v\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c \u0111\u00fang?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-nhung-bien-so-quyet-dinh-khi-chon-mac-inox\">Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh khi ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c Inox<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-chu-de-chuyen-sau-di-tu-chon-dung-den-thi-cong-chu\">Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u: \u0111i t\u1eeb \u201cch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang\u201d \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cthi c\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-ung-dung-thuc-te-va-khuyen-nghi-chuyen-gia\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb chuy\u00ean gia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-ket-luan-chon-dung-mac-inox-ngay-tu-dau-de-toi-uu-\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c inox ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-toan-canh-sau-ve-cac-mac-inox-chon-dung-thi-cong-c\">To\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u00e1c Inox: ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang, thi c\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n, b\u1ec1n l\u00e2u<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u1ecdn sai m\u00e1c inox trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0103n m\u00f2n s\u1edbm, n\u1ee9t do \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t, ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao\u2014t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi \u201cti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u\u201d. V\u1edbi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu n\u00f3ng \u1ea9m, mu\u1ed1i bi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu \u1edf ven bi\u1ec3n B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n Trung, c\u00f9ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u2013 chi ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 x\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u c\u00e1c m\u00e1c inox ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn (201, 304\/304L\/304H, 316\/316L, 430, 309S, 310S, Duplex), l\u00e0m r\u00f5 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u2013 vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u2013 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u2013 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng\/h\u00e0n \u2013 h\u00e0nh vi \u0103n m\u00f2n, k\u00e8m c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau: gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (LCC), v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u2013 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u2013 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. \u0110i k\u00e8m l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u khi c\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-nen-tang-inox-la-gi-va-vi-sao-phai-chon-mac-dung\">N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng: Inox l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 v\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c \u0111\u00fang?<\/h2>\n<p>Inox (th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9) l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim s\u1eaft ch\u1ee9a t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u ~10,5% Crom (Cr). L\u1edbp oxit Cr2O3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng) gi\u00fap ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Niken (Ni), Molypden (Mo), Nit\u01a1 (N), Cacbon (C) v\u00e0 Mangan (Mn) \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac (austenitic, ferritic, duplex, v.v.) v\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; H\u1ecd austenitic (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 201, 304, 316): b\u1ec1n dai, d\u1ec5 h\u00e0n, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t; th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ee7.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ecd ferritic (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 430): nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ecd ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t (309S, 310S): \u01b0u th\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng \u00f4xy h\u00f3a \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ecd duplex (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 2205): k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u1ec1n \u2013 c\u1ee9ng cao v\u1edbi ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t do \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c inox l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kinh t\u1ebf \u2013 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a Cl- (bi\u1ec3n, n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eeda), h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m; duy tr\u00ec an to\u00e0n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao; v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed t\u1ed5ng v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi so v\u1edbi \u201cgi\u00e1 mua \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\u201d.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-nhung-bien-so-quyet-dinh-khi-chon-mac-inox\">Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh khi ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c Inox<\/h2>\n<h3>1) Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac: g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Crom (Cr) t\u1ea1o l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng: c\u00e0ng cao, c\u00e0ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Niken (Ni) \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh austenite, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t SCC trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Molypden (Mo) t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7\/\u0103n k\u1ebd (pitting\/crevice) trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua.<br \/>\n&#8211; Cacbon (C) \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a (sensitization) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n ch\u1ea3y \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao (304H).<br \/>\n&#8211; Nit\u01a1 (N) t\u0103ng b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng pitting, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng \u1edf Duplex.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: 316L (Cr-Ni-Mo) ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 304L trong h\u01a1i mu\u1ed1i \u1edf ven bi\u1ec3n; 430 (ferritic) \u00edt t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<h3>2) \u0102n m\u00f2n: c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u201cx\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng\u201d<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p: \u0103n m\u00f2n r\u1ed7\/\u0103n k\u1ebd (Cl-), \u0103n m\u00f2n l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng do c\u1eb7n b\u1ea9n, \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd h\u1edf do gio\u0103ng\/\u0111i\u1ec3m gh\u00e9p, \u0103n m\u00f2n li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1ea1t sau h\u00e0n, n\u1ee9t \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t (SCC). Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 tham kh\u1ea3o PREN \u2248 %Cr + 3,3\u00d7%Mo + 16\u00d7%N; cao h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. 316L c\u00f3 PREN cao h\u01a1n 304L; Duplex 2205 cao h\u01a1n 316L. Tuy nhi\u00ean, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (tr\u00e1nh khe h\u1edf), ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 \u2013 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a sau h\u00e0n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h3>3) Gia c\u00f4ng, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u201cL\u201d (Low C) nh\u01b0 304L\/316L gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a v\u00f9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec7t, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1ea1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn d\u00e2y\/que h\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: ER316L cho 316L), ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o.<br \/>\n&#8211; Sau h\u00e0n: t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 \u2013 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a (pickling\/passivation) kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1edbp Cr2O3; l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e0ng m\u1ecbn (BA, 2B, No.4 chu\u1ea9n) c\u00e0ng \u00edt gi\u1eef mu\u1ed1i\/b\u1ea9n, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 r\u1ed7.<\/p>\n<h3>4) Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 \u00f4xy h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 310S (~25Cr-20Ni) ch\u1ed1ng \u00f4xy h\u00f3a v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i t\u1edbi ~1100\u20131150\u00b0C.<br \/>\n&#8211; 309S (~23Cr-13Ni) t\u1ed1t t\u1edbi ~1000\u20131050\u00b0C.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304H t\u1ed1i \u01b0u b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o \u1edf 500\u2013700\u00b0C nh\u1edd h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C cao h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 trong clorua kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng 316L.<\/p>\n<h3>5) Kinh t\u1ebf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 Ni khi\u1ebfn 201\/430 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ee7i ro \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9: ASTM (A240 t\u1ea5m, A312 \u1ed1ng, A276 thanh), EN\/JIS t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng, MTR \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Ngu\u1ed3n cung nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n gi\u00fap \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0n\/m\u1ea1.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-chu-de-chuyen-sau-di-tu-chon-dung-den-thi-cong-chu\">Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u: \u0111i t\u1eeb \u201cch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang\u201d \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cthi c\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n\u201d<\/h2>\n<p>Khi c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t m\u00e1c \u201cchu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\u201d c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa gi\u00e1 \u2013 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u2013 gia c\u00f4ng, 304 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho b\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u01a1 kh\u00ed t\u1ea5m, lan can n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 l\u00fd do 304 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_1 --><\/p>\n<p>\u1ede ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed cho n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c chi ti\u1ebft \u00edt ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u1ea9m\/mu\u1ed1i, 201 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh \u2013 \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n tr\u00e1nh \u201c\u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1ea7m\u201d 201 \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua khi\u1ebfn r\u1ed7 s\u1edbm.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_2 --><\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 \u2013 trung b\u00ecnh, hay th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1i, 316\/316L th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u201cb\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p\u201d hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1edd Mo t\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7\/\u0103n k\u1ebd r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_3 --><\/p>\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 cao nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng, trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4), 430 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn; hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb gi\u00fap tr\u00e1nh nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi \u201cinox gi\u1ea3\u201d.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_4 --><\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu 304 l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n tham chi\u1ebfu, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u201cm\u1ed5 x\u1ebb\u201d vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Cr v\u00e0 Ni trong 304 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh vi \u0103n m\u00f2n, t\u00ednh h\u00e0n v\u00e0 l\u00fd do bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 L\/H ra \u0111\u1eddi.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_5 --><\/p>\n<p>Khi chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng sang h\u00e0n d\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, 304L v\u00e0 304H t\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh hai \u201cnh\u00e1nh\u201d t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau: m\u1ed9t cho ch\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a, m\u1ed9t cho b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_6 --><\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u00f4xy h\u00f3a tr\u00ean 900\u00b0C (l\u00f2, \u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p), so s\u00e1nh 310S, 309S v\u00e0 304H s\u1ebd cho th\u1ea5y m\u00e1c n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_7 --><\/p>\n<p>Khi c\u1ea7n v\u1eeba b\u1ec1n cao v\u1eeba ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t SCC trong clorua, Duplex l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ec3n, b\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n, ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_8 --><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u201cb\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 nhanh\u201d khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh s\u1ebd gi\u00fap r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_9 --><\/p>\n<p>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u1edf c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c x\u01b0\u1edfng, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c m\u00e1c inox b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nhanh (nam ch\u00e2m, thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed, XRF c\u1ea7m tay) gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00e0n l\u1eafp.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_10 --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-ung-dung-thuc-te-va-khuyen-nghi-chuyen-gia\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb chuy\u00ean gia<\/h2>\n<p>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng g\u1ee3i \u00fd theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng:<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng: 430, 201 (\u01b0u ti\u00ean trong nh\u00e0, tr\u00e1nh clorua).<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, c\u01a1 kh\u00ed t\u1ea5m ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng: 304\/304L; b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t 2B\/BA ho\u1eb7c No.4; b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 sau h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb xa bi\u1ec3n, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a nh\u1eb9: 304L v\u1edbi ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t; tr\u00e1nh k\u1ebd h\u1edf \u0111\u1ecdng b\u1ea9n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9: 316\/316L; \u01b0u ti\u00ean thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u00edn, h\u00e0n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a k\u1ef9.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao (l\u00f2\/\u1ed1ng x\u1ea3\/gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 nhi\u1ec7t): 309S\/310S ho\u1eb7c 304H (t\u00f9y d\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i).<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u bi\u1ec3n, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n\/kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n: Duplex (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 2205) cho b\u1ec1n \u2013 ch\u1ed1ng SCC t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh:<br \/>\n&#8211; Lan can ven bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ed3 S\u01a1n: 304 b\u1ecb r\u1ed7 sau 12\u201318 th\u00e1ng. Chuy\u1ec3n sang 316L No.4, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t, th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a sau l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u2192 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd t\u0103ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec gi\u1ea3m.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ed3n tr\u1ed9n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m m\u1eb7n: 201 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ed7 quanh m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n. Thay 304L, d\u00f9ng ER308L, t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9\/\u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u2192 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n r\u1ed7 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p>5 l\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng (tr\u00e1nh l\u1ed7i t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m):<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1eebng d\u00f9ng 201\/430 cho ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 phun s\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; Lu\u00f4n t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 \u2013 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a sau h\u00e0n; b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u (heat tint) l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0103n m\u00f2n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft: d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 m\u00e0i\/ch\u1ed5i th\u00e9p carbon d\u00f9ng ri\u00eang cho inox; r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sau gia c\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn \u201cL\u201d khi c\u00f3 h\u00e0n d\u00e0y\/nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a; ch\u1ecdn \u201cH\u201d khi c\u1ea7n b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao; \u0111\u1eebng ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i.<br \/>\n&#8211; Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecdng b\u1ea9n\/khe h\u1edf; \u01b0u ti\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t; ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 MTR tr\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7m thu.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-ket-luan-chon-dung-mac-inox-ngay-tu-dau-de-toi-uu-\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c inox ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00e1c inox ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u201c\u0111\u1ee7 d\u00f9ng\u201d m\u00e0 c\u00f2n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi. H\u00e3y xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c (clorua, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec7t), thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (khe h\u1edf, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n), quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n \u2013 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, v\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n. Khi c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a 304\/316 cho \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p Duplex cho bi\u1ec3n \u2013 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, ho\u1eb7c 309S\/310S cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p>Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n m\u00e1c inox, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, v\u1eadt t\u01b0 h\u00e0n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p; ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 danh m\u1ee5c t\u1ea5m\/\u1ed1ng\/thanh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1eb5n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00e1c m\u00e1c inox 201\/304\/316\/430, 304L-H, 310S, Duplex: th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, h\u00e0n, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1003,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1572","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1572","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1572"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1572\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1003"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1572"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1572"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1572"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}