{"id":1587,"date":"2026-01-23T12:34:22","date_gmt":"2026-01-23T05:34:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-chiu-nhiet-310s-309s-va-304h-so-sanh-va-cach-chon-toi-uu\/"},"modified":"2026-01-23T12:34:22","modified_gmt":"2026-01-23T05:34:22","slug":"inox-chiu-nhiet-310s-309s-va-304h-so-sanh-va-cach-chon-toi-uu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-chiu-nhiet-310s-309s-va-304h-so-sanh-va-cach-chon-toi-uu\/","title":{"rendered":"Inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t 310S, 309S v\u00e0 304H: so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-tong-quan-nhanh-ve-tung-mac\">T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh v\u1ec1 t\u1eebng m\u00e1c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-kha-nang-chiu-nhiet-va-chong-oxy-hoa\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-anh-huong-cua-moi-truong-lo\">\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00f2<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-gia-cong-han-va-xu-ly-nhiet\">Gia c\u00f4ng, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-chi-phi-hieu-nang-nen-dung-mac-nao-cho-bai-toan-cu\">Chi ph\u00ed \u2013 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng: n\u00ean d\u00f9ng m\u00e1c n\u00e0o cho b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-thong-so-so-sanh-chinh-tom-tat-ky-thuat\">Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 so s\u00e1nh ch\u00ednh (t\u00f3m t\u1eaft k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-ung-dung-thuc-te-tai-viet-nam\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-quy-cach-hang-hoa-va-kiem-dinh\">Quy c\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-tai-lieu-tham-khao\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>C\u00e1c m\u00e1c Inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cho l\u00f2 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1t, bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1t hay c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t chu k\u1ef3. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y so s\u00e1nh s\u00e2u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Inox 310S, 309S v\u00e0 304H \u2014 ba m\u00e1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong nh\u00f3m ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u2014 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-tong-quan-nhanh-ve-tung-mac\">T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh v\u1ec1 t\u1eebng m\u00e1c<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 310S (UNS S31008, theo ASTM A240\/A213): Austenitic Cr-Ni cao (~25Cr\u201320Ni), h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C th\u1ea5p (S = low carbon) gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m \u0103n m\u00f2n sau h\u00e0n. M\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu carbu h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 309S\/304H.<br \/>\n&#8211; 309S (UNS S30908): Austenitic Cr-Ni trung b\u00ecnh cao (~23Cr\u201313Ni), C th\u1ea5p. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho ch\u1ecbu oxy h\u00f3a\/ nhi\u1ec7t chu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 1000\u00b0C, gi\u00e1 m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n 310S.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304H (UNS S30409): Bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 \u201cH\u201d c\u1ee7a 304 v\u1edbi C cao h\u01a1n (0,04\u20130,10%) nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o (creep) \u1edf 500\u2013650\u00b0C cho chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i\/\u00e1p. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u00e1c ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ef1c cao, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kinh t\u1ebf cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p: ASTM A240 (t\u1ea5m), A213\/A312 (\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00fac\/\u1ed1ng h\u00e0n), ASME Section II-D (\u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-kha-nang-chiu-nhiet-va-chong-oxy-hoa\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 310S<br \/>\n  &#8211; Kh\u00e1ng oxy h\u00f3a kh\u00f4 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u0129nh\/tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 1100\u20131150\u00b0C (t\u00f9y \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ch\u1ecbu s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u1edd Ni cao; \u00edt bong tr\u00f3c c\u00e1u \u00f4x\u00edt h\u01a1n trong chu k\u1ef3 nung\u2013l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i.<br \/>\n&#8211; 309S<br \/>\n  &#8211; Kh\u00e1ng oxy h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 980\u20131050\u00b0C, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00f2 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao trung b\u00ecnh, t\u1ea3i c\u01a1 nh\u1ecf.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304H<br \/>\n  &#8211; Kh\u00e1ng oxy h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 870\u00b0C. \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh n\u1eb1m \u1edf b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o trong v\u00f9ng 500\u2013650\u00b0C cho c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i\/\u00e1p; kh\u00f4ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho >900\u00b0C ho\u1eb7c chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u201cgi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n\u201d ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n (kh\u00f4\/\u1ea9m, oxy h\u00f3a\/kh\u1eed), chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t, t\u1ea3i c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft. Lu\u00f4n th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h3>Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i (creep) so v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u201ckh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i\u201d (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u00e1ng\/ t\u1ea5m che trong l\u00f2): 309S v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t 310S gi\u1eef c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao, nh\u1edd Cr-Ni cao v\u00e0 l\u1edbp \u00f4x\u00edt b\u1ec1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u201cch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i\/\u00e1p\u201d (\u1ed1ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, bao h\u01a1i, superheater): 304H th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho 500\u2013650\u00b0C v\u00ec \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p (ASME) thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Tr\u00ean ~650\u2013700\u00b0C, 309S\/310S c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng cho chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u l\u00f2, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t theo m\u00e3 ASME.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-anh-huong-cua-moi-truong-lo\">\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00f2<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Oxy h\u00f3a kh\u00f4 (kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n s\u1ea1ch, nhi\u1ec1u O2): 310S t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t >1000\u00b0C; 309S t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn ~1000\u00b0C; 304H \u0111\u1ee7 d\u00f9ng <900\u00b0C.  \n- Carbu h\u00f3a (kh\u00ed gi\u00e0u CO\/CH4, l\u00f2 th\u1ea5m cacbon, cracking): 310S ch\u1ed1ng carbu h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong ba m\u00e1c. 309S trung b\u00ecnh; 304H d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb carbu h\u00f3a.  \n- Nitrid h\u00f3a (NH3, N2 ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a): T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 austenitic chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec1u k\u00e9m; c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee7.  \n- L\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh\/kh\u00ed SO2, H2S (sulfid h\u00f3a): 309S\/310S\/304H \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng; khi S cao n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc h\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 Si\/Al cao ho\u1eb7c nikel-base chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng.\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-gia-cong-han-va-xu-ly-nhiet\">Gia c\u00f4ng, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Gia c\u00f4ng\/\u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh: T\u00ednh d\u1ebbo t\u1ed1t (austenitic). 310S\/309S c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 304H n\u00ean t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gia c\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u1ea3m, d\u00f9ng dao h\u1ee3p kim t\u1ed1t, t\u01b0\u1edbi ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 310S\/309S: D\u00f9ng que\/kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1n E310\/ER310 ho\u1eb7c 309L cho m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n d\u1ecb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (th\u00e9p C\/304). \u201cS\u201d gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00f9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304H: D\u00f9ng 308H (ho\u1eb7c 308L\/H) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o; ch\u00fa \u00fd nguy c\u01a1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a \u1edf 450\u2013850\u00b0C.<br \/>\n&#8211; X\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t: Ho\u00e0n nguy\u00ean (solution anneal) 1040\u20131120\u00b0C, l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec austenite v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a Cr-carbide. Th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u201cstress relieve\u201d \u1edf v\u00f9ng 400\u2013850\u00b0C v\u00ec nguy c\u01a1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a, tr\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf\/ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-chi-phi-hieu-nang-nen-dung-mac-nao-cho-bai-toan-cu\">Chi ph\u00ed \u2013 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng: n\u00ean d\u00f9ng m\u00e1c n\u00e0o cho b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; M\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 tham kh\u1ea3o (bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng): 309S ~1,7\u20132,2 l\u1ea7n 304; 310S ~2,5\u20133,5 l\u1ea7n 304. 304H x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 304 (ch\u00eanh nh\u1eb9 do ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t C v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 H).<br \/>\n&#8211; G\u1ee3i \u00fd t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t:<br \/>\n  &#8211; N\u1ebfu m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao (>1000\u00b0C) v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng oxy h\u00f3a kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 carbu h\u00f3a nh\u1eb9 \u2192 310S.<br \/>\n  &#8211; N\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn ~1000\u00b0C, t\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9, mu\u1ed1n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed \u2192 309S.<br \/>\n  &#8211; N\u1ebfu 500\u2013650\u00b0C, chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i\/\u00e1p, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb theo m\u00e3 ASME \u2192 304H.<\/p>\n<h3>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ecdn nhanh theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9\/m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 400\u2013600\u00b0C, c\u00f3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c\/t\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c: 304H.<br \/>\n&#8211; 600\u2013900\u00b0C, oxy h\u00f3a kh\u00f4, t\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9\u2013trung b\u00ecnh: 309S; chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u: \u01b0u ti\u00ean 310S.<br \/>\n&#8211; 900\u20131100\u00b0C, oxy h\u00f3a kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 carbu h\u00f3a: 310S.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00ed c\u00f3 l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh\/nitrid h\u00f3a: c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c; n\u1ebfu bu\u1ed9c d\u00f9ng, gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u0103ng b\u00f9 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-thong-so-so-sanh-chinh-tom-tat-ky-thuat\">Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 so s\u00e1nh ch\u00ednh (t\u00f3m t\u1eaft k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 310S: ~25% Cr, ~20% Ni, C \u22640,08%.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 309S: ~23% Cr, ~13% Ni, C \u22640,08%.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304H: ~18% Cr, ~8% Ni, C 0,04\u20130,10%.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng oxy h\u00f3a (kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4, tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u00e0 SX): 304H ~870\u00b0C; 309S ~980\u20131050\u00b0C; 310S ~1100\u20131150\u00b0C.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ec1n r\u00e3o (\u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh): 500\u2013650\u00b0C \u2192 304H t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c; >700\u00b0C \u2192 310S \u2265 309S cho k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t: 310S\/309S th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 304H (t\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t cao h\u01a1n, gia nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n).<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf: t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00f3m austenitic; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t khe co gi\u00e3n, neo gi\u00e3n n\u1edf khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00f2.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-ung-dung-thuc-te-tai-viet-nam\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 310S: t\u1ea5m che v\u00e0 ray l\u00f2 nung g\u1ed1m B\u00e1t Tr\u00e0ng, \u1ed1ng radiant l\u00f2 gia nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1n th\u00e9p, bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1t l\u00f2 r\u00e1c c\u00f3 chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn.<br \/>\n&#8211; 309S: v\u1ecf l\u00f2 \u1ee7, b\u0103ng t\u1ea3i l\u00f2 s\u1ea5y\u2013nung d\u01b0\u1edbi 1000\u00b0C, v\u00e1ch ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t, gi\u1ecf nung.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304H: \u1ed1ng superheater\/economizer trong l\u00f2 h\u01a1i m\u00eda \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, xi m\u0103ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n sinh kh\u1ed1i (500\u2013620\u00b0C).<br \/>\nKinh nghi\u1ec7m thi c\u00f4ng: v\u1edbi chi ti\u1ebft m\u1ecfng ch\u1ecbu chu k\u1ef3, 310S cho tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u1edd l\u1edbp scale \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c trung nhi\u1ec7t, 304H mang l\u1ea1i chi ph\u00ed tr\u1ecdn v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-quy-cach-hang-hoa-va-kiem-dinh\">Quy c\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ea1ng h\u00e0ng: t\u1ea5m No.1 (HR, t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9), \u1ed1ng h\u00e0n\/\u0111\u00fac, thanh tr\u00f2n, thanh d\u1eb9t, l\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: MTC theo ASTM\/ASME, ki\u1ec3m tra PMI th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, th\u1eed c\u01a1 t\u00ednh l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y\/b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; G\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng: x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed, t\u1ea3i\/\u00e1p, chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd mong mu\u1ed1n; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 H cho 304H theo ASME n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 304H c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 310S trong l\u00f2 1000\u00b0C kh\u00f4ng? Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean: 304H kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu oxy h\u00f3a\/chu k\u1ef3 t\u1ed1t \u1edf >900\u00b0C; 310S ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; 309S c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 cho l\u00f2 950\u20131000\u00b0C chu k\u1ef3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c? C\u00f3 th\u1ec3, n\u1ebfu t\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea1ch; n\u1ebfu chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u, \u01b0u ti\u00ean 310S.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n 310S v\u1edbi th\u00e9p carbon d\u00f9ng que g\u00ec? D\u00f9ng 309L\/ER309L cho h\u00e0n d\u1ecb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u; cho 310S\u2013310S d\u00f9ng 310.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ea1i sao ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn 304H (kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i 304\/304L) cho \u1ed1ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c 550\u2013600\u00b0C? V\u00ec 304H c\u00f3 b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o cao h\u01a1n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t nh\u1edd C cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ASME c\u1ea5p \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho d\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-tai-lieu-tham-khao\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; ASTM A240\/A213 \u2013 Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Plate\/Tube.<br \/>\n&#8211; ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section II, Part D \u2013 Allowable Stresses.<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu Stainless Steel Handbook &#038; Datasheets (309S, 310\/310S, 304H): https:\/\/www.outokumpu.com\/<br \/>\n&#8211; ATI (Allegheny Technologies) Technical Data Sheets, 309\/309S and 310\/310S: https:\/\/www.atimetals.com\/<br \/>\n&#8211; Cleveland-Cliffs (AK Steel) Product Data Sheets, Type 304H\/309\/310: https:\/\/www.clevelandcliffs.com\/<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9: <900\u00b0C \u01b0u ti\u00ean 304H (ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i\/\u00e1p); 900\u20131000\u00b0C 309S cho t\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9; >1000\u00b0C 310S cho oxy h\u00f3a\/cycle n\u1eb7ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: carbu h\u00f3a \u2192 310S; oxy h\u00f3a s\u1ea1ch \u2192 309S\/310S; sulfid h\u00f3a\/nitrid h\u00f3a \u2192 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc h\u1ee3p kim chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn theo chi ph\u00ed: 309S v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t 310S \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n 304H; h\u00e3y c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro d\u1eebng m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chi ti\u1ebft theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox Cuong Thinh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Hotline: 0343.417.281. Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu 310S, 309S v\u00e0 304H v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a, creep, h\u00e0n, chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00f2.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1057,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1587","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1587"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1587\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1057"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1587"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}