{"id":1591,"date":"2026-01-24T12:35:05","date_gmt":"2026-01-24T05:35:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/bang-xep-hang-mac-inox-theo-chong-an-mon-304-316-duplex-904l\/"},"modified":"2026-01-24T12:35:05","modified_gmt":"2026-01-24T05:35:05","slug":"bang-xep-hang-mac-inox-theo-chong-an-mon-304-316-duplex-904l","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/bang-xep-hang-mac-inox-theo-chong-an-mon-304-316-duplex-904l\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng m\u00e1c inox theo ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n: 304, 316, Duplex, 904L"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-tom-tat-xep-hang-nhanh-theo-moi-truong-thuong-gap\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng nhanh (theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-phuong-phap-xep-hang-va-chi-so-ky-thuat\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-xep-hang-chi-tiet-theo-mac-tu-cao-xuong-thap-ve-ch\">X\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng chi ti\u1ebft theo m\u00e1c (t\u1eeb cao xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 trong clo)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-lua-chon-theo-ung-dung-tai-viet-nam\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-cac-yeu-to-anh-huong-hieu-nang-thuc-te\">C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-du-lieu-tham-khao-ky-thuat-nhanh\">D\u1eef li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhanh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c inox theo kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 x\u01b0\u1edfng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c m\u00e1c inox ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (PREN, CPT), c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ee9c tranh \u201cPh\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u00e1c inox ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn\u201d, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ngay.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-tom-tat-xep-hang-nhanh-theo-moi-truong-thuong-gap\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng nhanh (theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n trong \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n (\u00edt clo, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t): 304\/304L \u2248 321 \u2248 430 < 316\/316L < 439\/444 < 2205 \u2248 904L < 2507 < 254SMO\n- Ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u01a1i mu\u1ed1i, b\u1eafn t\u00f3e n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n: 316\/316L (t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u) < 444 (t\u1ea5m m\u00e1i, \u1ed1p) < 2205 \u2248 904L < 2507 < 254SMO\n- Ng\u00e2m\/tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n: 2205 \u2248 904L < 2507 < 254SMO; 316L ch\u1ec9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p\n- M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng axit kh\u1eed (H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng, axit phosphoric c\u00f3 l\u1eabn Cl-): 316L < 2205 \u2248 904L (904L tr\u1ed9i trong H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng) < 254SMO\n- Nguy c\u01a1 n\u1ee9t do \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t trong clo n\u00f3ng (SCC): austenit 304\/316 k\u00e9m < 904L (kh\u00e1 h\u01a1n) < duplex 2205\/2507 (t\u1ed1t) < ferrit 444 (r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t)\n- Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n gi\u1eefa h\u1ea1t sau h\u00e0n: 304L\/316L (gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m) \u2248 321\/347 (\u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng Ti\/Nb) > 304\/316<\/p>\n<p>Ghi nh\u1edb nhanh:<br \/>\n&#8211; 304 \u0111\u1ee7 cho kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n s\u1ea1ch; 316L t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u cho ven bi\u1ec3n; 2205 l\u00e0 \u201cchu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n\u201d cho n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n; 2507 v\u00e0 254SMO d\u00e0nh cho nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00e1c m\u00e1c ferrit 444\/439 ch\u1ed1ng SCC t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 pitting t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 316 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ecfng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng cho k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-phuong-phap-xep-hang-va-chi-so-ky-thuat\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 PREN (Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number) \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7: PREN \u2248 %Cr + 3,3\u00d7%Mo + 16\u00d7%N. PREN c\u00e0ng cao, ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clo.<br \/>\n&#8211; CPT\/ CCT (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n g\u00e2y r\u1ed7\/khe) \u0111o b\u1eb1ng ASTM G48\/G150 gi\u00fap so s\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp trong 3,5% NaCl.<br \/>\n&#8211; SCC (Stress Corrosion Cracking) trong clo n\u00f3ng: austenit Ni cao nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u01a1n; ferrit v\u00e0 duplex kh\u00e1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0102n m\u00f2n gi\u1eefa h\u1ea1t sau h\u00e0n: c\u00e1c m\u00e1c \u201cL\u201d (C th\u1ea5p) v\u00e0 m\u00e1c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh Ti\/Nb (321\/347) kh\u00e1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 304\/316 th\u01b0\u1eddng; \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng ASTM A262.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u01b0u \u00fd: hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecdng b\u1ea9n\/khe, x\u1eed l\u00fd sau h\u00e0n (t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9, th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a), v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c d\u00f2ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-xep-hang-chi-tiet-theo-mac-tu-cao-xuong-thap-ve-ch\">X\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng chi ti\u1ebft theo m\u00e1c (t\u1eeb cao xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 trong clo)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 254SMO (UNS S31254, \u201c6Mo\u201d)<br \/>\n  &#8211; PREN x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 42\u201345; CPT r\u1ea5t cao (>50\u00b0C trong 3,5% NaCl).<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh: pitting\/khe v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, t\u1ed1t trong H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u1ea5m; kh\u00e1ng SCC t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n austenit th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu: gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t cao; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u00e0n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Super Duplex 2507 (S32750\/S32760)<br \/>\n  &#8211; PREN ~41\u201343; pitting\/khe g\u1ea7n 254SMO; SCC r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh: c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 t\u00ednh cao + ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n; ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu: y\u00eau c\u1ea7u quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n gi\u1eef c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng pha; nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; Duplex 2205 (S32205\/S31803)<br \/>\n  &#8211; PREN ~34\u201336; pitting t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 904L; SCC t\u1ed1t; ch\u1ed1ng khe v\u01b0\u1ee3t 316L.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh: \u201cchu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng\u201d cho n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n m\u00e1t, b\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1i, b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m m\u1eb7n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu: ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u00e0n; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 n\u1ebfu b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u00e9m s\u1ea1ch.<br \/>\n&#8211; 904L (N08904)<br \/>\n  &#8211; PREN ~33\u201336; pitting t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 2205; kh\u00e1ng t\u1ed1t axit sulfuric lo\u00e3ng.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh: austenit Ni cao, h\u00e0n d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n duplex; d\u00f9ng t\u1ed1t trong axit phosphoric c\u00f3 Cl-.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu: c\u01a1 t\u00ednh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n duplex; gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n 316L.<br \/>\n&#8211; 444 (S44400) \u2013 ferrit Mo<br \/>\n  &#8211; PREN ~24\u201326; pitting t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 316L; SCC r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t; ch\u1ecbu CLO\u2082 t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh: t\u1ea5m m\u00e1i, \u1ed1ng kh\u00f3i, b\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng ven bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu: kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu va \u0111\u1eadp\/h\u00e0n d\u00e0y ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316\/316L (S31600\/S31603)<br \/>\n  &#8211; PREN ~24\u201326; chu\u1ea9n cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clo nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh: ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t; 316L kh\u00e1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n gi\u1eefa h\u1ea1t sau h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu: kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 cho ng\u00e2m n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c hay n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i n\u00f3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; 321\/347 (S32100\/S34700)<br \/>\n  &#8211; PREN ~18\u201319 (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 304) nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n gi\u1eefa h\u1ea1t sau h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t nh\u1edd Ti\/Nb.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: \u1ed1ng x\u1ea3, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00f3 chu k\u1ef3; m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clo nh\u1eb9.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304\/304L (S30400\/S30403)<br \/>\n  &#8211; PREN ~18\u201319; t\u1ed1t trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n s\u1ea1ch, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng m\u1eb7n\/axit m\u1ea1nh.<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf: ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a Cl-, n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eeda c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; 439\/430Ti (S43035\/S43940) \u2013 ferrit \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<br \/>\n  &#8211; PREN ~18\u201319; t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 430 v\u1ec1 h\u00e0n\/IGC; ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; 430 (S43000) \u2013 ferrit<br \/>\n  &#8211; PREN ~16\u201318; d\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4; kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ven bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; 17-4PH (S17400)<br \/>\n  &#8211; PREN ~15\u201316; l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00ec c\u01a1 t\u00ednh cao, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n; d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb r\u1ed7 trong clo.<br \/>\n&#8211; 410\/420 (S41000\/S42000) \u2013 mactenxit<br \/>\n  &#8211; PREN ~12\u201313; kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n; d\u00f9ng dao khu\u00f4n, chi ti\u1ebft ma s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p>Ghi ch\u00fa th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: 201\/202 (d\u00f2ng 200, Mn cao) c\u00f3 PREN x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 16\u201318 t\u00f9y l\u00f4; trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1i\/ven bi\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9m h\u01a1n 304 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-lua-chon-theo-ung-dung-tai-viet-nam\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ven bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ea3o, khu resort<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t \u1ed1p trang tr\u00ed, lan can: 316L t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u; d\u00f9ng 2205 cho khu v\u1ef1c b\u1eafn t\u00f3e\/m\u00f9 mu\u1ed1i; 444 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kinh t\u1ebf cho m\u00e1i\/t\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00edn n\u01b0\u1edbc.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1ecdc b\u1ebfn, c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3ng (splash\/tidal zone): 2205; v\u00f9ng x\u00f3i m\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh d\u00f9ng 2507; bu l\u00f4ng\/neo n\u00ean d\u00f9ng duplex t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec: r\u1eeda n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3; tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y c\u00f3 Cl-.<\/p>\n<h3>X\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i, b\u1ec3 c\u00e1 c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; B\u01a1m, van, \u1ed1ng, trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t: 2205 ho\u1eb7c 2507; 316L ch\u1ec9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng x\u1ea3\/ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 <25\u00b0C.\n- Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c d\u00f2ng >1 m\/s \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eb7n; tr\u00e1nh khe; h\u00e0n s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9.<\/p>\n<h3>Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m &#038; \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; S\u1eefa, bia, \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1eb7n\/kh\u00f4ng Cl-: 304\/304L.<br \/>\n&#8211; Mu\u1ed1i, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm, h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n, n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1t m\u1eb7n: 316L; thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng 2205.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1ec7 sinh CIP c\u00f3 axit\/nhi\u1ec7t: \u01b0u ti\u00ean 316L; sau h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a theo ASTM A380\/A967.<\/p>\n<h3>H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Axit sulfuric lo\u00e3ng (\u226435% \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng): 904L th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u01b0\u1ee3t 316L; 2205 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng\/nh\u1ec9nh h\u01a1n trong h\u1ec7 c\u00f3 Cl-.<br \/>\n&#8211; Axit phosphoric \u01b0\u1edbt c\u00f3 Cl-: 904L\/2205; nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c Cl- >1000 ppm: c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc 2507\/254SMO.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u01b0u \u00fd: HCl kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng; c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc h\u1ee3p kim Ni \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h3>N\u01b0\u1edbc sinh ho\u1ea1t, HVAC, PCCC<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng trong nh\u00e0: 304\/304L.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ec3\/\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c clo t\u1ef1 do cao: 316L; ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 mu\u1ed1i: 2205.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh gh\u00e9p c\u1eb7p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng\/\u0111\u1ed3ng thau trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-cac-yeu-to-anh-huong-hieu-nang-thuc-te\">C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eb5n cao (No.4 fine, 2B, BA) v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a gi\u00fap t\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7; v\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7t sau h\u00e0n c\u1ea7n t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9\/pickle v\u00e0 passivate.<br \/>\n&#8211; Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: tr\u00e1nh khe h\u1edf, t\u00fai b\u1ea9n; d\u1ec5 tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed; d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n khi gh\u00e9p kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n: ch\u1ecdn que\/kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 2209 cho 2205, 316L filler cho 316L); ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng pha (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t duplex).<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh\/b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec: r\u1eeda \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt; tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y ch\u1ee9a Cl-; lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u1eb7n b\u00e1m (crevice).<br \/>\n&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9: clo n\u00f3ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 SCC cho austenit 304\/316; \u01b0u ti\u00ean duplex\/ferrit khi >60\u00b0C trong clo.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-du-lieu-tham-khao-ky-thuat-nhanh\">D\u1eef li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhanh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c PREN: %Cr + 3,3\u00d7%Mo + 16\u00d7%N; so s\u00e1nh pitting t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i trong clo.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m pitting\/khe: ASTM G48 (FeCl3), ASTM G150 (\u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a); SCC: th\u1eed theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao ch\u1ee9a Cl-; IGC: ASTM A262.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n sau ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o: ASTM A380\/A967 (l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9, th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n: ISO 9223 (C1\u2013C5\/CX) \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 304 hay 316 cho ven bi\u1ec3n? 316\/316L. 304 ch\u1ec9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c xa bi\u1ec3n; ven bi\u1ec3n 304 d\u1ec5 r\u1ed7 nhanh do mu\u1ed1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; 2205 c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 316L? Trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, mu\u1ed1i, clo n\u00f3ng: 2205 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 316L v\u1ec1 pitting\/khe v\u00e0 SCC; nh\u01b0ng gia c\u00f4ng\/h\u00e0n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; 904L hay 2205? Pitting t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng; 904L tr\u1ed9i trong H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng, h\u00e0n d\u1ec5; 2205 c\u01a1 t\u00ednh cao, SCC t\u1ed1t, gi\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u01a1n cho n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; 201 c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi? Kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u1edf ven bi\u1ec3n\/h\u01a1i mu\u1ed1i. Trong n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n 304.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Nickel Institute \u2013 Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steels; Guidelines for Selection of Stainless Steels in Chloride Environments.<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu Stainless Steel Handbook; Outokumpu Corrosion Handbook (PREN, CPT\/CCT d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh).<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM International: G48, G150, A262, A380, A967 (c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t).<br \/>\n&#8211; ISO 9223: Corrosion of metals and alloys \u2013 Corrosivity of atmospheres.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; V\u1ec1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n trong clo: 254SMO \u2265 2507 > 2205 \u2248 904L > 316L > 304L > 430 > 410.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 theo m\u00e1c \u201cquen d\u00f9ng\u201d: 316L t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u cho ven bi\u1ec3n; 2205 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn an to\u00e0n cho n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n; 2507\/254SMO cho \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t; 304 ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean d\u00f9ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n s\u1ea1ch\/n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t; 444 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ed1t cho t\u1ea5m m\u00e1i\/\u1ed1p ven bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; X\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng khe, quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh 50% hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n theo d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Hotline: 0343.417.281. Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>X\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng inox theo ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n cho \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam: 304, 316, 321, 904L, Duplex 2205\/2507, 254SMO. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean PREN, CPT, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1017,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1591","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1591","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1591"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1591\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1017"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1591"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1591"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1591"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}