{"id":1696,"date":"2026-02-20T00:34:46","date_gmt":"2026-02-19T17:34:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-phu-kien-inox-304-va-201-chuan-xac-tranh-hang-gia\/"},"modified":"2026-02-20T00:34:46","modified_gmt":"2026-02-19T17:34:46","slug":"cach-phan-biet-phu-kien-inox-304-va-201-chuan-xac-tranh-hang-gia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-phu-kien-inox-304-va-201-chuan-xac-tranh-hang-gia\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n Inox 304 v\u00e0 201 chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c, tr\u00e1nh h\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-tong-quan-nhanh-304-vs-201-khac-nhau-o-dau\">T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh: 304 vs 201 kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-vi-sao-thi-truong-de-bi-trao-mac-201-thanh-304\">V\u00ec sao th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb tr\u00e1o m\u00e1c 201 th\u00e0nh 304?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-10-phuong-phap-phan-biet-tu-hien-truong-den-phong-\">10 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t: t\u1eeb hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-so-sanh-chi-tiet-tinh-chat-ky-thuat-tham-khao-data\">So s\u00e1nh chi ti\u1ebft t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (tham kh\u1ea3o datasheet)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-dau-hieu-nhan-biet-phu-kien-304-gia-pho-bien-tai-v\">D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n \u201c304 gi\u1ea3\u201d ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-ung-dung-khuyen-nghi-de-khong-dung-sai-mac\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u201cd\u00f9ng sai m\u00e1c\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-quy-trinh-mua-hang-an-toan-checklist-7-buoc\">Quy tr\u00ecnh mua h\u00e0ng an to\u00e0n: Checklist 7 b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n inox cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Inox 304 v\u00e0 Inox 201 l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n cho ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201c\u1ea3o\u201d. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nhanh t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ki\u1ec3m tra chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u, c\u00f9ng ti\u00eau ch\u00ed mua h\u00e0ng gi\u00fap k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, th\u1ea7u c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 x\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u00e1nh mua nh\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb tr\u00e1o m\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-tong-quan-nhanh-304-vs-201-khac-nhau-o-dau\">T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh: 304 vs 201 kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; H\u1ec7 m\u00e1c th\u00e9p:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304 (SUS304\/1.4301): Austenitic 18\/8, Ni cao.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201 (SUS201): Austenitic 200-series, Ni th\u1ea5p, Mn v\u00e0 N cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304: T\u1ed1t h\u01a1n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m, h\u01a1i mu\u1ed1i nh\u1eb9.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: Ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean d\u00f9ng trong nh\u00e0, kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o; d\u1ec5 l\u00ean g\u1ec9 \u201ctea-stain\u201d ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\/ven bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1eeb t\u00ednh:<br \/>\n  &#8211; C\u1ea3 hai nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb; sau c\u00e1n\/l\u1ed1c\/\u0111\u1ed9t d\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb nh\u1eb9. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u01a1 t\u00ednh:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o cao h\u01a1n; 304 d\u1ebbo h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh s\u00e2u, h\u00e0n \u0111\u1eb9p.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u00e1:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201 th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n 15\u201335% t\u00f9y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng Nickel. Gi\u00e1 qu\u00e1 r\u1ebb cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o \u201c304\u201d l\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc tham kh\u1ea3o theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf:<br \/>\n&#8211; 304: Cr 18\u201320%, Ni 8\u201310.5%, Mn \u22642%, C \u22640.08% (ASTM A240).<br \/>\n&#8211; 201: Cr 16\u201318%, Ni 3.5\u20135.5%, Mn 5.5\u20137.5%, C \u22640.15% (ho\u1eb7c \u22640.03% v\u1edbi 201L). N c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi 0.25%.<br \/>\nNgu\u1ed3n: ASTM A240; Nickel Institute \u2013 The 200 Series of Stainless Steels; Outokumpu\/AK Steel datasheets.<\/p>\n<p>Tham kh\u1ea3o:<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM A240\/A240M \u2013 Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip (th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n danh \u0111\u1ecbnh).<br \/>\n&#8211; Nickel Institute: \u201cThe 200 Series of Stainless Steels\u201d (https:\/\/nickelinstitute.org).<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu Datasheets: Core 304\/4301 v\u00e0 Core 201\/201LN (https:\/\/www.outokumpu.com).<br \/>\n&#8211; AK Steel\/Cleveland-Cliffs: Type 201 Stainless Steel (https:\/\/www.clevelandcliffs.com).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-vi-sao-thi-truong-de-bi-trao-mac-201-thanh-304\">V\u00ec sao th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb tr\u00e1o m\u00e1c 201 th\u00e0nh 304?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 do h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nickel: 201 d\u00f9ng Mn v\u00e0 N thay Ni n\u00ean r\u1ebb h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf (co, t\u00ea, c\u00f9m treo, b\u1ea3n l\u1ec1, ch\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee5p lan can, c\u00fat clamp, n\u1ed1i ren\u2026) kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0ng gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng s\u00e1ng d\u1ec5 \u201c\u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba\u201d c\u1ea3m quan.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i\/kh\u1eafc m\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, thi\u1ebfu truy xu\u1ea5t Heat No.\/MTC.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-10-phuong-phap-phan-biet-tu-hien-truong-den-phong-\">10 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t: t\u1eeb hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m<\/h2>\n<h3>1) Ki\u1ec3m tra gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd \u2013 MTC v\u00e0 truy xu\u1ea5t Heat Number (\u0111\u00e1ng tin nh\u1ea5t khi mua s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p xu\u1ea5t Mill Test Certificate (MTC) theo l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng; MTC ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (ASTM A240\/A403, JIS G4304\/4305\u2026 t\u00f9y lo\u1ea1i).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, v\u00e0 Heat Number.<br \/>\n  &#8211; T\u00ean nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e1c th\u00e9p.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu Heat Number tr\u00ean MTC v\u1edbi d\u1ea5u kh\u1eafc\/tem tr\u00ean ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n\/bao b\u00ec.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u00fa \u00fd \u201c304\/304L\u201d cho ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n h\u00e0n (ASTM A403 WP304\/304L). 201 hi\u1ebfm khi c\u00f3 trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<h3>2) PMI b\u1eb1ng XRF c\u1ea7m tay (chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 trong 5\u201330 gi\u00e2y)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Handheld XRF cho bi\u1ebft %Cr, %Ni, %Mn t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304 th\u01b0\u1eddng Ni ~8\u201310%, Mn \u22642%.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201 th\u01b0\u1eddng Ni ~3.5\u20135.5%, Mn ~6\u20137.5%.<br \/>\n&#8211; Quy tr\u00ecnh g\u1ee3i \u00fd:<br \/>\n  &#8211; L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (lau d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1, b\u1ee5i).<br \/>\n  &#8211; B\u1eafn XRF \u1edf \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 2\u20133 \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u01b0u ti\u00ean v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea1\/kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; L\u01b0u bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n PMI k\u00e8m \u1ea3nh.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5: Olympus Vanta, Thermo Niton, Hitachi X-MET\u2026<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u01b0u \u00fd: XRF \u0111o l\u1edbp b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t 50\u2013200 \u00b5m; tr\u00e1nh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<h3>3) Th\u1eed nam ch\u00e2m \u2013 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc nhanh, kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 304 v\u00e0 201 \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd austenitic, nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m.<br \/>\n&#8211; Sau u\u1ed1n\/l\u1ed1c\/d\u1eadp, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn pha, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb nh\u1eb9:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201 th\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb r\u00f5 h\u01a1n 304 khi bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ngu\u1ed9i n\u1eb7ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: N\u1ebfu h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i 304\/201 (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 430\/410). N\u1ebfu h\u00fat r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa 304 v\u00e0 201.<\/p>\n<h3>4) Quan s\u00e1t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 m\u00e0u \u00e1nh<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 304 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u00e1nh \u201cb\u1ea1c l\u1ea1nh\u201d \u0111\u1ec1u, \u00edt ng\u1ea3 v\u00e0ng\/t\u00edm sau th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn.<br \/>\n&#8211; 201 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e1nh t\u1ed1i h\u01a1n nh\u1eb9; trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m d\u1ec5 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec7t g\u1ec9 n\u00e2u (tea staining) s\u1edbm h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3m quan l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba.<\/p>\n<h3>5) C\u00e2n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng so v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc danh \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng danh \u0111\u1ecbnh: 304 \u2248 8.0 g\/cm\u00b3; 201 \u2248 7.9\u20137.95 g\/cm\u00b3.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n 201 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n 1\u20132% so v\u1edbi 304 c\u00f9ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc\/th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y.<br \/>\n&#8211; Sai s\u1ed1 gia c\u00f4ng\/\u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y k\u00e9m tin c\u1eady n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<h3>6) Th\u1eed \u0103n m\u00f2n mu\u1ed1i (NaCl 5%) \u2013 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, d\u1ec5 l\u00e0m t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; M\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n\/\u1ea9m:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Pha dung d\u1ecbch NaCl 5% b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Nh\u1ecf 3\u20135 gi\u1ecdt l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea9y d\u1ea7u; \u0111\u1eb7t hai m\u1eabu k\u1ec1 nhau (nghi 201 v\u00e0 nghi 304).<br \/>\n  &#8211; B\u1ecdc \u1ea9m nh\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01a1i \u00edt gi\u00f3; quan s\u00e1t 24\u201372 gi\u1edd.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p:<br \/>\n  &#8211; M\u1eabu 201 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u li ti s\u1edbm h\u01a1n (24\u201348h).<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304 gi\u1eef s\u00e1ng l\u00e2u h\u01a1n, \u00edt\/v\u1eafng \u0111\u1ed1m trong c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u01b0u \u00fd an to\u00e0n: R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, trung h\u00f2a sau th\u1eed; kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 giao n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<h3>7) Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00f9ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 201 d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y x\u00e9m, kh\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u00e0u sau h\u00e0n; v\u00f9ng \u201cheat tint\u201d d\u1ec5 \u0103n m\u00f2n n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng pickling\/passivation t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304 h\u00e0n \u201cng\u1ecdt\u201d h\u01a1n; sau x\u1eed l\u00fd ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (pickling + passivation) b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u01b0u \u00fd: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m x\u01b0\u1edfng; kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf cho PMI\/MTC.<\/p>\n<h3>8) Tia l\u1eeda khi m\u00e0i \u2013 ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng khi b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 kh\u00e1ng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u00ec l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng h\u00e0ng. 200-series c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng tia l\u1eeda d\u00e0y, s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi 300-series; tuy nhi\u00ean r\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 quan v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<h3>9) Ki\u1ec3m tra \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng\/ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u1ec7 sinh, clamp, b\u00edch theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m\/vi sinh g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh 304\/316. 201 hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn do r\u1ee7i ro g\u1ec9.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tay v\u1ecbn\/lan can ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, bi\u1ec3n: 304\/316. 201 ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean d\u00f9ng trong nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4.<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 b\u00e1n n\u00f3i \u201c201 d\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n v\u1eabn t\u1ed1t\u201d m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng \u2013 n\u00ean c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3>10) So\u00e1t gi\u00e1, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Gi\u00e1 \u201c304\u201d th\u1ea5p b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o r\u1ee7i ro.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p uy t\u00edn cung c\u1ea5p:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, MTC\/CO-CQ, xu\u1ea5t kho theo Heat No.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu PMI kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp m\u00e1c.<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 test m\u1eabu mu\u1ed1i\/PMI tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ed1t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-so-sanh-chi-tiet-tinh-chat-ky-thuat-tham-khao-data\">So s\u00e1nh chi ti\u1ebft t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (tham kh\u1ea3o datasheet)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304: Cr 18\u201320%, Ni 8\u201310.5%, Mn \u22642% (ASTM A240; Outokumpu Core 304\/4301).<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: Cr 16\u201318%, Ni 3.5\u20135.5%, Mn 5.5\u20137.5% (AK Steel\/Outokumpu 201\/201LN; Nickel Institute).<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u01a1 t\u00ednh (annealed, danh \u0111\u1ecbnh):<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304: Tensile ~515 MPa, Yield ~205 MPa, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: Tensile ~620\u2013860 MPa, Yield ~275\u2013380 MPa, h\u00f3a b\u1ec1n ngu\u1ed9i m\u1ea1nh.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304: T\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1t, ch\u1ecbu m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, \u1ea9m, th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0a axit nh\u1eb9; c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u1edf v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: Kh\u00e1ng k\u00e9m h\u01a1n do Ni th\u1ea5p; d\u1ec5 tea staining ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n\/ngu\u1ed3n Clo.<br \/>\nNgu\u1ed3n: Outokumpu; AK Steel\/Cleveland-Cliffs; Nickel Institute.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-dau-hieu-nhan-biet-phu-kien-304-gia-pho-bien-tai-v\">D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n \u201c304 gi\u1ea3\u201d ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1eafc\/\u0111\u00f3ng \u201cSUS304\u201d nh\u01b0ng:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Heat No.\/kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp MTC.<br \/>\n  &#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nhanh x\u1ec9n, \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u ch\u1ec9 sau 1\u20132 tu\u1ea7n ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n m\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n c\u00f9ng model t\u1eeb h\u00e3ng uy t\u00edn.<br \/>\n  &#8211; M\u1ed1i h\u00e0n th\u00f4, m\u00e0u ch\u00e1y loang; \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng che khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Gi\u00e1 ch\u00eanh th\u1ea5p qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn so v\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 20\u201330% so v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 l\u1edbn).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i chung chung, thi\u1ebfu logo\/h\u00e3ng, tem in m\u1edd; kh\u00f4ng ghi xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-ung-dung-khuyen-nghi-de-khong-dung-sai-mac\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u201cd\u00f9ng sai m\u00e1c\u201d<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; N\u00ean d\u00f9ng 304 cho:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n lan can, tay v\u1ecbn, \u1ed1p trang tr\u00ed ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u1ec7 sinh, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, d\u01b0\u1ee3c (khi kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u 316).<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110\u1ed3 g\u00e1 x\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u1ea9m, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9, khu v\u1ef1c r\u1eeda n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng 201 cho:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t trong nh\u00e0: n\u1eb9p, \u1ed1p trang tr\u00ed, khung k\u1ec7 kh\u00f4, tay v\u1ecbn trong nh\u00e0.<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c t\u1ea1m, ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, chi ph\u00ed h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng 201 \u1edf:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i (clo), b\u00e3i r\u1eeda, khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-quy-trinh-mua-hang-an-toan-checklist-7-buoc\">Quy tr\u00ecnh mua h\u00e0ng an to\u00e0n: Checklist 7 b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd mong mu\u1ed1n; quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e1c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u (304\/316).<br \/>\n&#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 k\u00e8m: m\u00e1c th\u00e9p, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, MTC m\u1eabu, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u1ea5y 1\u20132 m\u1eabu th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf; l\u00e0m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m NaCl 5% trong 48\u201372h ho\u1eb7c PMI n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt so v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng chu\u1ea9n; xem k\u1ef9 m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n\/\u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ghi r\u00f5 m\u00e1c th\u00e9p tr\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng\/h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng; \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t PMI.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1ea5u\/tem\/Heat No. khi nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng; ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh l\u01b0u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 sau l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi): r\u1eeda n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch, lau kh\u00f4, v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m tea staining ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi 304.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<h3>304 c\u00f3 h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n<p>Nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng; tuy nhi\u00ean sau d\u1eadp\/u\u1ed1n m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb nh\u1eb9. V\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn 304 hay 201.<\/p>\n<h3>201 c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb. 201 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh l\u00ean g\u1ec9 m\u00e0u tr\u00e0 trong kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1ea9m, m\u01b0a axit nh\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c s\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1i. N\u1ebfu b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c, c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec r\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9.<\/p>\n<h3>201 c\u00f3 an to\u00e0n cho th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m?<\/h3>\n<p>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u01b0u ti\u00ean 304\/316 v\u00ec ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1ec7 sinh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. 201 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec7 sinh\/vi sinh; tham kh\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n<h3>XRF c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng m\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n<p>L\u1edbp m\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch \u0111o. C\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, ch\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0i nh\u1eb9 b\u1ecf l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 (n\u1ebfu cho ph\u00e9p) ho\u1eb7c \u0111o \u1edf v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea1. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean PMI s\u1ebd t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; ASTM A240\/A240M \u2013 Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nickel Institute: The 200 Series of Stainless Steels (https:\/\/nickelinstitute.org).<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu Product Datasheets: Core 304\/4301, Core 201\/201LN (https:\/\/www.outokumpu.com).<br \/>\n&#8211; AK Steel (Cleveland-Cliffs): Type 201 Stainless Steel (https:\/\/www.clevelandcliffs.com).<br \/>\n&#8211; Olympus\/Thermo Fisher \u2013 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn PMI b\u1eb1ng XRF c\u1ea7m tay.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; C\u1ed1t l\u00f5i kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t: 304 c\u00f3 Ni cao (\u22488\u201310.5%), ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i; 201 Ni th\u1ea5p (\u22483.5\u20135.5%), Mn cao, gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9m b\u1ec1n g\u1ec9 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh mua nh\u1ea7m\/h\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3:<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u01afu ti\u00ean MTC + truy xu\u1ea5t Heat No.; PMI XRF khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn.<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u00f9ng th\u1eed NaCl 5% \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh nhanh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa m\u1eabu nghi 201 v\u00e0 304.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nam ch\u00e2m, m\u00e0u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t hay c\u1ea3m quan.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Coi ch\u1eebng m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 \u201c304\u201d th\u1ea5p b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu d\u1ea5u nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9\/k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c, ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 PMI? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<br \/>\nHotline: 0343.417.281<br \/>\nEmail: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>So s\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 10 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 l\u1eabn chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n Inox 304 v\u00e0 201, tr\u00e1nh mua nh\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1004,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1696","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1696","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1696"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1696\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1004"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1696"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1696"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1696"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}