{"id":1789,"date":"2026-03-16T12:35:32","date_gmt":"2026-03-16T05:35:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/chon-inox-chiu-nhiet-cho-lo-hoi-lo-nung-304h-321h-347h-310s-253ma\/"},"modified":"2026-03-16T12:35:32","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T05:35:32","slug":"chon-inox-chiu-nhiet-cho-lo-hoi-lo-nung-304h-321h-347h-310s-253ma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/chon-inox-chiu-nhiet-cho-lo-hoi-lo-nung-304h-321h-347h-310s-253ma\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1ecdn inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cho l\u00f2 h\u01a1i, l\u00f2 nung: 304H\u2013321H\u2013347H\u2013310S\u2013253MA"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-nhung-co-che-hu-hong-chu-dao-o-nhiet-do-cao\">Nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-tieu-chi-cot-loi-khi-chon-inox-chiu-nhiet\">Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i khi ch\u1ecdn inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-cac-mac-inox-chiu-nhiet-khuyen-nghi-cho-lo-hoi-lo-\">C\u00e1c m\u00e1c inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho l\u00f2 h\u01a1i, l\u00f2 nung<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-chon-nhanh-theo-dai-nhiet-do-va-moi-truong\">Ch\u1ecdn nhanh theo d\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-tieu-chuan-san-pham-va-nhan-dang-mac\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng m\u00e1c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-han-gia-cong-va-thiet-ke-de-ben-nhiet\">H\u00e0n, gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-vi-du-chon-mac-theo-bai-toan-thuc-te\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c theo b\u00e0i to\u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-loi-ich-nguon-cung-va-dich-vu-tai-ha-noi\">L\u1ee3i \u00edch ngu\u1ed3n cung v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u), c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf 600\u20131100\u00b0C nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t\/\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t l\u1ea1i, bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1t, radiant tubes, gi\u1ecf\/gi\u00e1 k\u1ec7 l\u00f2 nung\u2026 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c m\u00e1c inox ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho l\u00f2 h\u01a1i v\u00e0 l\u00f2 nung, c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u2013 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u2013 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u01b0u \u00fd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-nhung-co-che-hu-hong-chu-dao-o-nhiet-do-cao\">Nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Oxy h\u00f3a\/\u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1u \u00f4x\u00edt: t\u1ea1o l\u1edbp scale l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, bong tr\u00f3c g\u00e2y m\u00f2n x\u00f3i. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng nhanh tr\u00ean 800\u00b0C v\u00e0 trong d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed gi\u00e0u O2.<br \/>\n&#8211; Sunfit h\u00f3a (SO2\/H2S) v\u00e0 clo h\u00f3a: b\u00e0o m\u00f2n nhanh \u1edf kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed1t d\u1ea7u n\u1eb7ng\/than l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh, r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1ea5m cacbon\/nit\u01a1 (carburizing\/nitriding): m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ebfu oxy, gi\u00e0u CO\/CH4\/NH3 g\u00e2y gi\u00f2n, n\u1ee9t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Creep (r\u00e3o): bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng do t\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao; l\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n cho \u1ed1ng l\u00f2 h\u01a1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t: chu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed1t \u2013 d\u1eebng g\u00e2y n\u1ee9t do gi\u00e3n n\u1edf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0102n m\u00f2n ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 khi ngu\u1ed9i: H2SO4\/HCl t\u1eeb kh\u00f3i l\u00e0m \u01b0\u1edbt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-tieu-chi-cot-loi-khi-chon-inox-chiu-nhiet\">Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i khi ch\u1ecdn inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c: d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p theo m\u00e3 ASME.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n: \u00f4xy h\u00f3a hay kh\u1eed; c\u00f3 SO2\/H2S\/Cl2; xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ea5m cacbon\/nit\u01a1.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi: ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c \u201cH\u201d c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n creep cao cho \u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t\/treo t\u1ea3i.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh: chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t, d\u1eebng\/kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, r\u1ee7i ro sigma phase (600\u2013900\u00b0C k\u00e9o d\u00e0i).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1eb5n c\u00f3, d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf: ASTM\/ASME, \u1ed1ng li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch\/h\u00e0n, t\u1ea5m\/thanh, chi ph\u00ed \u2013 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-cac-mac-inox-chiu-nhiet-khuyen-nghi-cho-lo-hoi-lo-\">C\u00e1c m\u00e1c inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho l\u00f2 h\u01a1i, l\u00f2 nung<\/h2>\n<h3>304H (UNS S30409) \u2014 600\u2013800\u00b0C, \u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t m\u1ee9c trung<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh: 18Cr\u20138Ni, C 0.04\u20130.10% (t\u0103ng b\u1ec1n creep).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: \u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t\/thu h\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn ~750\u2013800\u00b0C kh\u00ed kh\u00f3i; bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i v\u1eeba.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n: Ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1edbi ~870\u2013925\u00b0C, nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf creep th\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u2264800\u00b0C. Nh\u1ea1y sigma n\u1ebfu 600\u2013900\u00b0C k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n: ASTM A213\/A213M TP304H (\u1ed1ng), ASTM A240 304H (t\u1ea5m).  <\/p>\n<h3>321\/321H (UNS S32100\/S32109) \u2014 b\u1ec1n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, \u0111\u1ebfn ~870\u00b0C<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng Ti ch\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u1ea1t ranh gi\u1edbi; phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n H t\u0103ng b\u1ec1n creep.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: \u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t, \u1ed1ng kh\u00ed x\u1ea3, v\u00f9ng h\u00e0n nhi\u1ec1u chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m: Gi\u1eef b\u1ec1n \u1edf 650\u2013850\u00b0C t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 304H trong v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n: ASTM A213 TP321H, ASTM A312 321\/321H. Khuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0n lo\u1ea1i 347 cho m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n 321 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3>347\/347H (UNS S34700\/S34709) \u2014 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n cho qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t\/reheat<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh Nb (columbium) cho b\u1ec1n creep v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i trong 650\u2013900\u00b0C, kh\u00e1ng m\u00f2n h\u1ea1t do h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: superheater\/reheater trong l\u00f2 h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed1t than\/sinh kh\u1ed1i, b\u1ed9 ti\u1ec1n gia nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00ed.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n: ASTM A213 TP347H, ASTM A312 347\/347H.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf: M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sunfit h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t 253MA ho\u1eb7c Ni-base.<\/p>\n<h3>316H (UNS S31609) \u2014 khi c\u1ea7n Mo v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n creep, t\u1edbi ~800\u00b0C<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 16\u201318Cr, 10\u201314Ni, 2\u20133Mo; b\u1ec1n creep nh\u1ec9nh h\u01a1n 304H; t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m\/axit y\u1ebfu \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: \u1ed1ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00f9ng \u1ea9m \u2013 m\u1eb7n, ph\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed9i c\u00f3 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5; \u00edt d\u00f9ng cho v\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t >800\u00b0C.<\/p>\n<h3>309S (UNS S30908) \u2014 c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i 900\u20131000\u00b0C<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; ~23Cr\u201313Ni, C th\u1ea5p; kh\u00e1ng oxy h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t t\u1edbi ~1000\u20131050\u00b0C; kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu cacbon h\u00f3a trung b\u00ecnh.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: t\u1ea5m che l\u00f2, \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3, m\u00e1ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf: b\u1ec1n creep k\u00e9m h\u01a1n 310S\/253MA; tr\u00e1nh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sunfit kh\u1eed.<\/p>\n<h3>310\/310S (UNS S31000\/S31008) \u2014 25Cr\u201320Ni cho 1000\u20131100\u00b0C<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ecbu oxy h\u00f3a b\u1ec1n, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn ~1100\u00b0C (gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1edbi ~1150\u00b0C); ch\u1ecbu cacbon h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c m\u00e1c 300 kh\u00e1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: radiant tubes, muffles, gi\u1ecf\/khay, ghi l\u00f2, gia c\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ed1ng gia nhi\u1ec7t l\u00f2 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u01b0u \u00fd: Nguy c\u01a1 t\u1ea1o sigma 600\u2013900\u00b0C khi gi\u1eef l\u00e2u; c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ee7 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<h3>253MA (UNS S30815) \u2014 \u201c\u0111\u1ec9nh\u201d trong inox austenitic ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t 850\u20131150\u00b0C<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Si + N + \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm (Ce) t\u0103ng b\u1ec1n m\u00e0ng \u00f4x\u00edt v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n creep; kh\u00e1ng sunfit h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: linh ki\u1ec7n v\u00f9ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda, bu\u1ed3ng nung, x\u00edch t\u1ea3i l\u00f2, t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn, \u1ed1ng radiant kh\u1eaft khe.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m: Creep v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng oxy h\u00f3a\/sunfit v\u01b0\u1ee3t 309S, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng\/nh\u1ec9nh 310S \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n; b\u1ec1n m\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n: ASTM A240 S30815 (t\u1ea5m), ASTM A312 S30815 (\u1ed1ng) t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h3>446 (UNS S44600) \u2014 ferritic 26Cr, ch\u1ed1ng scale cao nh\u01b0ng gi\u00f2n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a t\u1edbi ~1100\u00b0C, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf th\u1ea5p; ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p b\u1ed9 thu h\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec7t, ghi l\u00f2, l\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1eafn kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf: Creep y\u1ebfu, kh\u00f3 h\u00e0n, gi\u00f2n 475\u00b0C v\u00e0 sau l\u00e3o h\u00f3a; kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho \u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<h3>Khi n\u00e0o c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ngo\u00e0i inox?<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; >1100\u00b0C li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n kh\u1eed m\u1ea1nh\/cacbon h\u00f3a n\u1eb7ng: h\u1ee3p kim n\u1ec1n Ni (Inconel 600, Incoloy 800H\/800HT) ho\u1eb7c gang\/th\u00e9p \u0111\u00fac ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t HP\/HK (ASTM A297).<br \/>\n&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 500\u2013620\u00b0C nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea3i creep r\u1ea5t cao trong l\u00f2 h\u01a1i c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn: th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim ferritic Cr\u2013Mo\u2013V (T91\/T92) th\u01b0\u1eddng kinh t\u1ebf h\u01a1n inox, t\u00f9y \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-chon-nhanh-theo-dai-nhiet-do-va-moi-truong\">Ch\u1ecdn nhanh theo d\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u2264600\u00b0C, c\u00f3 \u1ea9m\/axit ng\u01b0ng: 304L\/316L (kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u201cch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t\u201d, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n l\u1ea1nh t\u1ed1t).<br \/>\n&#8211; 600\u2013750\u00b0C, t\u1ea3i v\u1eeba: 304H ho\u1eb7c 316H; n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n\/chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t, \u01b0u ti\u00ean 321H\/347H.<br \/>\n&#8211; 750\u2013900\u00b0C, t\u1ea3i cao: 347H\/321H; m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sunfit nh\u1eb9 xem 253MA.<br \/>\n&#8211; 900\u20131000\u00b0C: 309S (t\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9\u2013v\u1eeba), 310S (t\u1ea3i v\u1eeba\u2013cao), 253MA (\u01b0u ti\u00ean khi c\u00f3 SOx\/chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t).<br \/>\n&#8211; 1000\u20131100\u00b0C: 310S ho\u1eb7c 253MA; m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cacbon h\u00f3a n\u1eb7ng xem 310S\/330 ho\u1eb7c Ni-base.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00f3 SO2\/H2S: tr\u00e1nh 304H\/309S th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng; \u01b0u ti\u00ean 253MA ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p kim Ni.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00f3 carburizing: 310S\/253MA t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c m\u00e1c 300 kh\u00e1c; m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb7ng d\u00f9ng Ni-base.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-tieu-chuan-san-pham-va-nhan-dang-mac\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng m\u00e1c<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea5m\/coil: ASTM A240 (304H, 321H, 347H, 309S, 310S, S30815-253MA, 446).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng l\u00f2 h\u01a1i\/si\u00eau nhi\u1ec7t: ASTM A213\/A213M (TP304H, TP321H, TP347H, TP310S, S30815).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: ASTM A312\/A312M (304H\/321H\/347H\/309S\/310S\/253MA).<br \/>\n&#8211; Thanh\/tr\u00f2n: ASTM A276.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u00fac ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t: ASTM A297 (HK, HP\u2026) cho gi\u1ecf\/\u1ed1ng radiant \u0111\u00fac.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-han-gia-cong-va-thiet-ke-de-ben-nhiet\">H\u00e0n, gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0n: 304H d\u00f9ng 308H\/309; 321\/321H th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng que\/d\u00e2y 347; 347\/347H d\u00f9ng 347; 309S d\u00f9ng 309; 310\/310S d\u00f9ng 310; 253MA d\u00f9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0n chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng 253MA ho\u1eb7c 309\/ERNiCr-3 cho m\u1ed1i d\u1ecb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t).<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n preheat cho austenitic; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp <150\u2013200\u00b0C; tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i nhanh g\u00e2y n\u1ee9t n\u00f3ng.  \n- Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u00e3n n\u1edf: b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed g\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1ee3t\/khe gi\u00e3n n\u1edf; gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t t\u1eadp trung \u1edf g\u1ed1i treo \u1ed1ng.  \n- B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n m\u1ecbn, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi mu\u1ed1i\/b\u1ee5i halogen; tr\u00e1nh d\u00ednh tro d\u1ea7u n\u1eb7ng ch\u1ee9a V\/Na (g\u00e2y n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y \u0103n m\u00f2n).  \n- V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh: h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t s\u1ed1c; v\u1ec7 sinh scale \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t; theo d\u00f5i bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng creep v\u00e0 \u0111o b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y.\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-vi-du-chon-mac-theo-bai-toan-thuc-te\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c theo b\u00e0i to\u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; B\u00e0i to\u00e1n A (l\u00f2 h\u01a1i sinh kh\u1ed1i, superheater 820\u00b0C kh\u00ed, SO2 nh\u1eb9, t\u1ea3i cao, 20 n\u0103m): \u01afu ti\u00ean 347H cho \u1ed1ng; n\u1ebfu SOx dao \u0111\u1ed9ng cao v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc 253MA cho tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd creep \u2013 oxy h\u00f3a v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u00e0i to\u00e1n B (l\u00f2 nung nhi\u1ec7t luy\u1ec7n 1000\u20131050\u00b0C, kh\u00ed oxy h\u00f3a, chu k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y): 310S cho radiant tubes; 253MA cho gi\u1ecf\/khay\/\u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1 ch\u1ecbu m\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u00e0i to\u00e1n C (l\u00f2 cracking\/carburizing 950\u20131050\u00b0C, kh\u00ed kh\u1eed, gi\u00e0u CO\/CH4): 310S\/253MA cho \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1 nh\u1eb9; radiant tubes t\u1ea3i cao xem x\u00e9t h\u1ee3p kim Ni-base ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00fac HP\/HK.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-loi-ich-nguon-cung-va-dich-vu-tai-ha-noi\">L\u1ee3i \u00edch ngu\u1ed3n cung v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox Cuong Thinh cung \u1ee9ng kho s\u1eb5n: 304H, 321\/321H, 347\/347H, 309S, 310S; nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1eb7t 253MA v\u00e0 446 theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ea1ng h\u00e0ng: \u1ed1ng A213\/A312, t\u1ea5m A240, thanh A276; c\u1eaft quy c\u00e1ch, gia c\u00f4ng m\u00e9p h\u00e0n, test PMI, MTC k\u00e8m l\u00f4.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c theo t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u2013 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u2013 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n; gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf kinh t\u1ebf theo v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; ASTM A213\/A213M \u2013 Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger Tubes (astm.org)<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM A240\/A240M \u2013 Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip (astm.org)<br \/>\n&#8211; ASM International \u2013 Stainless Steels, Heat-Resistant Grades, design considerations (asminternational.org)<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu 253 MA (UNS S30815) Datasheet \u2013 High temperature properties, oxidation and creep (outokumpu.com)<br \/>\n&#8211; Alleima\/Sandvik materials datasheets for 309S, 310S, 321H, 347H \u2013 Heat resistance and application notes (alleima.com)<br \/>\n&#8211; SSINA \u2013 Heat-Resisting Stainless Steels overview (ssina.com)<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1c inox \u201cv\u1ea1n n\u0103ng\u201d cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o d\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t (oxy h\u00f3a t\u1ed1i \u0111a), m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (SOx, kh\u1eed, cacbon h\u00f3a), t\u1ea3i creep v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t. V\u1edbi l\u00f2 h\u01a1i v\u00e0 l\u00f2 nung th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng: 304H\/316H ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p 600\u2013750\u00b0C; 321H\/347H l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn an to\u00e0n cho 650\u2013900\u00b0C c\u00f3 h\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i; 309S cho ~1000\u00b0C t\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9; 310S v\u00e0 253MA l\u00e0 \u201cchu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng\u201d 900\u20131100\u00b0C, trong \u0111\u00f3 253MA n\u1ed5i tr\u1ed9i khi c\u00f3 SOx v\u00e0 m\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec7t. Tr\u00ean 1100\u00b0C li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c cacbon h\u00f3a n\u1eb7ng, h\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc h\u1ee3p kim n\u1ec1n Ni ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00fac ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chi ti\u1ebft theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf d\u1ef1 \u00e1n? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox Cuong Thinh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Hotline: 0343.417.281. Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ecdn inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cho l\u00f2 h\u01a1i, l\u00f2 nung: 304H\/321H\/347H (600\u2013900\u00b0C), 309S\/310S\/253MA (t\u1edbi 1100\u00b0C), ti\u00eau ch\u00ed m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, creep, ASTM.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1045,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1789","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1789","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1789"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1789\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1045"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1789"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1789"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1789"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}