{"id":1802,"date":"2026-03-20T00:34:55","date_gmt":"2026-03-19T17:34:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-y-te-cay-ghep-mac-316l-316lvm-va-cac-tieu-chuan-bat-buoc\/"},"modified":"2026-03-20T00:34:55","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T17:34:55","slug":"inox-y-te-cay-ghep-mac-316l-316lvm-va-cac-tieu-chuan-bat-buoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-y-te-cay-ghep-mac-316l-316lvm-va-cac-tieu-chuan-bat-buoc\/","title":{"rendered":"Inox y t\u1ebf c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p: M\u00e1c 316L\/316LVM v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-vi-sao-inox-duoc-dung-trong-cay-ghep\">V\u00ec sao inox \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-cac-mac-thep-inox-chuyen-dung-cho-cay-ghep\">C\u00e1c m\u00e1c th\u00e9p inox chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-tieu-chuan-thu-nghiem-va-yeu-cau-bat-buoc\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-so-sanh-nhanh-inox-316lvm-vs-titan-va-cocr\">So s\u00e1nh nhanh: Inox 316LVM vs Titan v\u00e0 CoCr<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-quy-trinh-gia-cong-va-han-cho-xuong\">Quy tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0n cho x\u01b0\u1edfng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-loi-thuong-gap-khi-mua-inox-cay-ghep-tai-viet-nam-\">L\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi mua inox c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-ung-dung-dien-hinh-cua-316l316lvm\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a 316L\/316LVM<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-quy-cach-cung-ung-va-dich-vu-tu-inox-cuong-thinh\">Quy c\u00e1ch cung \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1eeb Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-tai-lieu-tham-khao\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Inox d\u00f9ng cho c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u y sinh, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch luy\u1ec7n kim, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa inox c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00e1c th\u00e9p inox chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t 316L\/316LVM), ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u01b0u \u00fd mua h\u00e0ng cho nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ee9c tranh l\u1edbn Inox cho C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p S\u1ea1ch (th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, y t\u1ebf, d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m), nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1eaft khe ri\u00eang cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-vi-sao-inox-duoc-dung-trong-cay-ghep\">V\u00ec sao inox \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh l\u00fd (clorua, protein, CO2 h\u00f2a tan) \u1edf 37\u00b0C.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng, gi\u00e1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd so v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p kim titan v\u00e0 CoCr trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i cao (\u2248193 GPa) gi\u00fap c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eefng, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 \u201cstress shielding\u201d so v\u1edbi x\u01b0\u01a1ng; do \u0111\u00f3 inox th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng cho n\u1eb9p, v\u00edt, \u0111inh n\u1ed9i t\u1ee7y, d\u00e2y cerclage, K-wire v\u00e0 c\u00e1c implant t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd: Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn implant v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n, ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n hi\u1ec7n nay \u01b0u ti\u00ean titan ho\u1eb7c CoCr. Inox c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n y sinh chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay b\u1eb1ng 316L c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-cac-mac-thep-inox-chuyen-dung-cho-cay-ghep\">C\u00e1c m\u00e1c th\u00e9p inox chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p<\/h2>\n<h3>316L y t\u1ebf (UNS S31673) theo ASTM F138\/F139 v\u00e0 ISO 5832-1<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t: Th\u00e9p austenitic 18Cr-14Ni-2.5Mo, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd\/l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Ni.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u1ea5u luy\u1ec7n: Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u luy\u1ec7n trong ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng (VIM) v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i n\u1ea5u h\u1ed3 quang ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng (VAR) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m v\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng kim lo\u1ea1i, sulfur v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u00f2a tan. Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi 316LVM (Low Carbon Vacuum Melted).<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m:<br \/>\n  &#8211; ASTM F138: Thanh v\u00e0 d\u00e2y (wrought bar, wire) cho implant ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt.<br \/>\n  &#8211; ASTM F139: T\u1ea5m, b\u0103ng, l\u00e1 (sheet, strip, plate) cho implant ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt.<br \/>\n  &#8211; ISO 5832-1: V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i cho implant \u2014 Ph\u1ea7n 1: Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 r\u00e8n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Cr 17.0\u201319.0%, Ni 13.0\u201315.0%, Mo 2.25\u20133.00%, C \u22640.030%, Mn \u22642.00%, Si \u22640.75%, P \u22640.025%, S \u22640.010%, N \u22640.10% (gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n chi ti\u1ebft theo t\u1eebng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n).<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u01a1 t\u00ednh: Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng ngu\u1ed9i; gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 550 MPa (\u1ee7) \u0111\u1ebfn >1000 MPa (bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng ngu\u1ed9i cho v\u00edt\/n\u1eb9p). Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ASTM F138\/F139 ho\u1eb7c ISO 5832-1 cho k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc\/d\u1ea1ng h\u00e0ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 sung: Kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb nh\u1eb9 sau bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ngu\u1ed9i cao.<\/p>\n<h3>Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi inox c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 316L c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (UNS S31603) theo ASTM A240\/A276 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u implant. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ea5u luy\u1ec7n, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a 316L y t\u1ebf kh\u1eaft khe h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 410, 420, 440C, 17-4PH theo ASTM F899 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-tieu-chuan-thu-nghiem-va-yeu-cau-bat-buoc\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c<\/h2>\n<h3>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; ASTM F138: Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18Cr-14Ni-2.5Mo d\u1ea1ng thanh v\u00e0 d\u00e2y cho implant ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt (UNS S31673). Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, vi s\u1ea1ch luy\u1ec7n kim v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM F139: Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 18Cr-14Ni-2.5Mo d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5m\/\u0111ai\/l\u00e1 cho implant.<br \/>\n&#8211; ISO 5832-1 \/ EN ISO 5832-1: Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 r\u00e8n cho implant. T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CE\/FDA.<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM F86: Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u implant kim lo\u1ea1i (t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch, th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a, kh\u1eafc d\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t).<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM F2129: Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c chu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0103n m\u00f2n l\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a implant c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng sinh l\u00fd.<br \/>\n&#8211; ISO 10993 (chu\u1ed7i): \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 sinh h\u1ecdc trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch sinh h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m, h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng, v.v.).<\/p>\n<h3>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u vi s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 truy xu\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 sulfur th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t \u0103n m\u00f2n l\u1ed7\/\u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 luy\u1ec7n kim v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng: EN 10204 Type 3.1 n\u00eau r\u00f5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng (ASTM F138\/F139 ho\u1eb7c ISO 5832-1), ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ea5u luy\u1ec7n (VIM\/VAR), th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed \u0103n m\u00f2n n\u1ebfu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<br \/>\n&#8211; Truy xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t luy\u1ec7n\/th\u1ecfi (heat lot traceability) \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng thanh\/d\u00e2y\/t\u1ea5m.<\/p>\n<h3>X\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cung c\u1ea5p<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u1ee6 h\u00f2a tan \u1edf 1010\u20131120\u00b0C v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1ea1y h\u00f3a, sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng ngu\u1ed9i c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u01a1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a v\u00edt\/n\u1eb9p; c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch b\u1ea9n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; B\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a theo ASTM F86 ho\u1eb7c ASTM A967 (citric\/nitric) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i l\u1eadp l\u1edbp oxit Cr \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<br \/>\n&#8211; Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng (electropolishing) cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Ra th\u1ea5p, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf vi g\u1edd c\u1eaft, gi\u1ea3m v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 b\u00e1m vi khu\u1ea9n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh:<br \/>\n  &#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1ee3t\/kh\u1edbp: Ra \u22640.2\u20130.4 \u00b5m.<br \/>\n  &#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u1eb9p\/v\u00edt: th\u01b0\u1eddng Ra \u22640.8 \u00b5m (t\u00f9y thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf).<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n s\u1eaft t\u1ef1 do do ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1 th\u00e9p carbon; s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1eb9p b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a\/\u0111\u1ed3ng-thau ho\u1eb7c inox s\u1ea1ch ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-so-sanh-nhanh-inox-316lvm-vs-titan-va-cocr\">So s\u00e1nh nhanh: Inox 316LVM vs Titan v\u00e0 CoCr<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316LVM: R\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh l\u00fd, nh\u1ea1y l\u1ed7\/k\u1ebd h\u01a1n Ti\/CoCr.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ti-6Al-4V ELI: Xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi m\u00e0ng oxit TiO2 t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i.<br \/>\n  &#8211; CoCr (F75): Xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc, t\u1ed1t cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u01a1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u1ecfi:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316LVM: B\u1ec1n k\u00e9o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao nh\u1edd bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng ngu\u1ed9i; m\u00f4 \u0111un cao.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Titan: M\u00f4 \u0111un th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n (\u2248110 GPa) gi\u1ea3m stress shielding; m\u1ecfi t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; CoCr: C\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, m\u1ecfi t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316LVM: D\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Titan v\u00e0 CoCr: Gia c\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n, chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-quy-trinh-gia-cong-va-han-cho-xuong\">Quy tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0n cho x\u01b0\u1edfng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Gia c\u00f4ng c\u1eaft g\u1ecdt:<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u00f9ng dao s\u1eafc, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea1y dao \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u1edbp bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng ngu\u1ed9i.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Tr\u00e1nh d\u1ea7u c\u1eaft c\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 gia l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh clo h\u00f3a g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n; ch\u1ecdn d\u1ea7u\/nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng y sinh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch, d\u1ec5 t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Sau gia c\u00f4ng: t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc, si\u00eau \u00e2m, kh\u1eed ion; th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a theo F86.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n: Th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf tr\u00ean implant. N\u1ebfu b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c:<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u00f9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0n 316L ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (ER316L\/ER316LSi), ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o, gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c pass ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch.<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u1eadu x\u1eed l\u00fd: t\u1ea9y-\u0111\u1ee5c ng\u00e0, th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a; ki\u1ec3m tra \u0103n m\u00f2n khe.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (VT, PT).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m, bavia, g\u00f3c bo, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ch\u00e2n ren theo b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd y sinh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-loi-thuong-gap-khi-mua-inox-cay-ghep-tai-viet-nam-\">L\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi mua inox c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Nh\u1ea7m 316L c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh 316L y t\u1ebf:<br \/>\n  &#8211; C\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh: Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ghi r\u00f5 UNS S31673, ASTM F138\/F139 ho\u1eb7c ISO 5832-1 tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 3.1; n\u00eau ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ea5u luy\u1ec7n (VIM\/VAR).<br \/>\n&#8211; Thi\u1ebfu th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p:<br \/>\n  &#8211; C\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh: V\u1edbi chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf\/\u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n cao, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1eed ASTM F2129 m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m ch\u00e9o trong gia c\u00f4ng:<br \/>\n  &#8211; C\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh: Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh khu v\u1ef1c\/k\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ed3\/d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ri\u00eang cho inox y t\u1ebf; quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ef1a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o PMI\/XRF c\u1ea7m tay:<br \/>\n  &#8211; C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o: XRF kh\u00f4ng \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c C, N, S ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu MTC v\u00e0, khi c\u1ea7n, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u00f2ng lab (OES\/combustion).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-ung-dung-dien-hinh-cua-316l316lvm\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a 316L\/316LVM<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; N\u1eb9p v\u00edt x\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111inh n\u1ed9i t\u1ee7y, t\u1ea5m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p x\u01b0\u01a1ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00e2y cerclage, K-wire, Steinmann pin.<br \/>\n&#8211; Khung c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngo\u00e0i, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 can thi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian l\u01b0u ng\u1eafn trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n n\u1eb7ng trong implant nha khoa\/CMF theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-quy-cach-cung-ung-va-dich-vu-tu-inox-cuong-thinh\">Quy c\u00e1ch cung \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1eeb Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed3n kho \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng y t\u1ebf:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Thanh tr\u00f2n 316L\/316LVM: \u00d82\u201325 mm; tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng ngu\u1ed9i theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u00e2y 316LVM: 0.5\u20133.0 mm cho K-wire\/cerclage.<br \/>\n  &#8211; T\u1ea5m\/\u0111ai 316L (F139): 0.5\u20136.0 mm cho n\u1eb9p, \u0111\u1ec7m.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9: Cung c\u1ea5p MTC 3.1, h\u00f3a- c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ea5u luy\u1ec7n; t\u00f9y d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e8m bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a theo ASTM F86\/A967.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 gia c\u00f4ng s\u01a1 b\u1ed9: C\u1eaft quy c\u00e1ch, m\u00e0i th\u00f4, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng s\u01a1, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i s\u1ea1ch, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn quy tr\u00ecnh passivation\/electropolishing.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf (Titan, CoCr) khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-tai-lieu-tham-khao\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; ASTM F138 \u2013 Standard Specification for Wrought 18Chromium-14Nickel-2.5Molybdenum Stainless Steel Bar and Wire for Surgical Implants (UNS S31673), ASTM International.<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM F139 \u2013 Standard Specification for Wrought 18Chromium-14Nickel-2.5Molybdenum Stainless Steel Sheet and Strip for Surgical Implants, ASTM International.<br \/>\n&#8211; ISO 5832-1 \u2013 Implants for surgery \u2014 Metallic materials \u2014 Part 1: Wrought stainless steel, International Organization for Standardization.<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM F86 \u2013 Standard Practice for Surface Preparation and Marking of Metallic Surgical Implants, ASTM International.<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM F2129 \u2013 Standard Test Method for Conducting Cyclic Potentiodynamic Polarization Measurements to Determine the Corrosion Susceptibility of Small Implant Devices, ASTM International.<br \/>\n&#8211; ISO 10993-1 \u2013 Biological evaluation of medical devices \u2014 Part 1: Evaluation and testing within a risk management process, ISO.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 316L\/316LVM (UNS S31673) l\u00e0 m\u00e1c inox ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c cho c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u khi tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t ASTM F138\/F139 ho\u1eb7c ISO 5832-1, k\u00e8m x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t theo ASTM F86.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i gi\u1eefa 316L y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 316L c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb1m \u1edf luy\u1ec7n kim ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n\/sinh h\u1ecdc.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u00fap r\u00fat ng\u1eafn ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n nhanh v\u1ec1 316L\/316LVM, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh. Hotline: 0343.417.281. Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1ed5ng quan m\u00e1c inox c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p 316L\/316LVM, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM F138\/F139, ISO 5832-1, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 l\u01b0u \u00fd mua h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1039,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1802","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1802","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1802"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1802\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1039"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1802"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1802"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1802"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}