{"id":1887,"date":"2026-04-10T12:33:42","date_gmt":"2026-04-10T05:33:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/tieu-chuan-gb-cho-inox-nhap-khau-cach-doc-so-sanh-va-mua-dung\/"},"modified":"2026-04-10T12:33:42","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T05:33:42","slug":"tieu-chuan-gb-cho-inox-nhap-khau-cach-doc-so-sanh-va-mua-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/tieu-chuan-gb-cho-inox-nhap-khau-cach-doc-so-sanh-va-mua-dung\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB cho inox nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u: c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc, so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 mua \u0111\u00fang"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-he-thong-tieu-chuan-gb-ap-dung-cho-inox-ban-can-bi\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho inox: b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-cach-doc-mac-inox-theo-gbt-20878\">C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc m\u00e1c inox theo GB\/T 20878<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-quy-doi-mac-giua-gb-astm-jis-en-tuong-duong-nhung-\">Quy \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e1c gi\u1eefa GB \u2013 ASTM \u2013 JIS \u2013 EN: t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng lu\u00f4n \u201cb\u1eb1ng nhau\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-thong-so-hoa-hoc-va-co-tinh-diem-khac-biet-thuong-\">Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u01a1 t\u00ednh: \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-ong-inox-theo-gb-chon-dung-tieu-chuan-cho-ung-dung\">\u1ed0ng inox theo GB: ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-ho-so-cocq-mtc-va-truy-xuat-bat-buoc-khi-mua-inox-\">H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 CO\/CQ, MTC v\u00e0 truy xu\u1ea5t: b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c khi mua inox GB<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-so-sanh-gb-voi-astmjisen-nhung-khac-biet-co-the-an\">So s\u00e1nh GB v\u1edbi ASTM\/JIS\/EN: nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-checklist-ky-thuat-khi-dat-mua-inox-gb\">Checklist k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt khi \u0111\u1eb7t mua inox GB<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-nhan-dien-va-tranh-rui-ro-thuong-gap\">Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-vi-du-dat-hang-dung-ong-han-304l-cho-nuoc-ro\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00fang: \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n 304L cho n\u01b0\u1edbc RO<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-kiem-tra-nhanh-khi-nghiem-thu-tai-kho\">Ki\u1ec3m tra nhanh khi nghi\u1ec7m thu t\u1ea1i kho<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-11-thue-hs-va-nhap-khau-tham-khao\">Thu\u1ebf, HS v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u (tham kh\u1ea3o)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-12-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-13-khi-nao-nen-uu-tien-mac-gb-khi-nao-nen-giu-astmjis\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean m\u00e1c GB, khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean gi\u1eef ASTM\/JIS?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-14-ket-luan-mua-inox-gb-dung-chuan-bat-dau-tu-tieu-ch\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: mua inox GB \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, m\u00e1c v\u00e0 MTC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Inox theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB (Trung Qu\u1ed1c) chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn trong ngu\u1ed3n cung nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u1ec3 mua \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T (s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m), c\u00e1ch quy \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e1c v\u1edbi ASTM\/JIS, \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c GB nh\u01b0 06Cr19Ni10, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd CO\/CQ v\u00e0 MTC. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 tin \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7m thu inox GB.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-he-thong-tieu-chuan-gb-ap-dung-cho-inox-ban-can-bi\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho inox: b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB\/T (GuoBiao\/Recommended) quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t cho th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 theo d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m:<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i: GB\/T 3280-2015 Cold-rolled stainless steel plate, sheet and strip<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng: GB\/T 4237-2015 Hot-rolled stainless steel plate, sheet and strip<br \/>\n&#8211; Thanh tr\u00f2n\/thanh th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9: GB\/T 1220-2016 Stainless steel bars<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n d\u00f9ng cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n (d\u1eabn l\u01b0u ch\u1ea5t): GB\/T 12771-2019 Welded stainless steel pipes for corrosion resisting applications<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u: GB\/T 12770-2017 Welded stainless steel tubes for mechanical\/structural purposes<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng \u0111\u00fac d\u1eabn l\u01b0u ch\u1ea5t: GB\/T 14976-2021 Seamless stainless steel pipes for fluid transport<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u m\u00e1c v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc chung: GB\/T 20878-2007\/2021 Stainless and heat-resisting steels \u2014 Designation and chemical composition<\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd:<br \/>\n&#8211; \u201cGB\/T\u201d l\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh\/kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn th\u00eam ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 GB\/T 4334 th\u1eed \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd h\u1ea1t).<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u1ed7i PO n\u00ean ghi r\u00f5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u0103m (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u201cGB\/T 3280-2015, finish 2B, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y 2.0 mm, chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng 1219 mm, dung sai theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u201d).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-cach-doc-mac-inox-theo-gbt-20878\">C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc m\u00e1c inox theo GB\/T 20878<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1c GB bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fang th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C t\u1ed1i \u0111a:<br \/>\n&#8211; Hai ho\u1eb7c ba s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n C t\u1ed1i \u0111a x1000. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 06Cr19Ni10 \u2248 C \u2264 0,06% (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 304)<br \/>\n  &#8211; 022Cr17Ni12Mo2 \u2248 C \u2264 0,022% (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 316L)<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 g\u1ea7n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb %: Cr19 \u2248 19% Cr, Ni10 \u2248 10% Ni, Mo2 \u2248 2% Mo.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 b\u1ed5 sung: Ti (\u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a), Nb, N,&#8230;<br \/>\n&#8211; GB kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u201cL\u201d nh\u01b0 ASTM\/JIS; thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea1 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 C (022 thay cho \u201cL\u201d).<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 nhanh:<br \/>\n&#8211; 06Cr19Ni10 \u2192 18\/8 austenitic, C\u22640,06% \u2192 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng AISI 304<br \/>\n&#8211; 022Cr19Ni10 \u2192 304L (C th\u1ea5p)<br \/>\n&#8211; 06Cr17Ni12Mo2 \u2192 316<br \/>\n&#8211; 022Cr17Ni12Mo2 \u2192 316L<br \/>\n&#8211; 06Cr18Ni11Ti \u2192 321 (\u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh Ti)<br \/>\n&#8211; 1Cr17 \u2192 ferritic t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 430<br \/>\n&#8211; 12Cr17Mn6Ni5N \u2192 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00f3m 201 (th\u1ea5p Ni, cao Mn+N). L\u01b0u \u00fd gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n Ni trong 201 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 304.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-quy-doi-mac-giua-gb-astm-jis-en-tuong-duong-nhung-\">Quy \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e1c gi\u1eefa GB \u2013 ASTM \u2013 JIS \u2013 EN: t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng lu\u00f4n \u201cb\u1eb1ng nhau\u201d<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 304: GB 06Cr19Ni10 \u2248 ASTM\/ASME A240\/A276 Type 304 \u2248 JIS G4304\/G4305 SUS304 \u2248 EN 1.4301<br \/>\n&#8211; 304L: GB 022Cr19Ni10 \u2248 ASTM 304L \u2248 SUS304L \u2248 EN 1.4307<br \/>\n&#8211; 316\/316L: GB 06Cr17Ni12Mo2 \/ 022Cr17Ni12Mo2 \u2248 ASTM 316\/316L \u2248 SUS316\/316L \u2248 EN 1.4401\/1.4404<br \/>\n&#8211; 321: GB 06Cr18Ni11Ti \u2248 ASTM 321 \u2248 SUS321 \u2248 EN 1.4541<br \/>\n&#8211; 430: GB 1Cr17 \u2248 ASTM 430 \u2248 SUS430 \u2248 EN 1.4016<br \/>\n&#8211; 201: GB 12Cr17Mn6Ni5N g\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng AISI 201, nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>Quan tr\u1ecdng:<br \/>\n&#8211; \u201cT\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng; khi r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, h\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh b\u1ea3ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u01a1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 MTC c\u1ee7a l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e9p \u201cti\u1ebft Ni\u201d (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 304J1, 304D, 201Cu&#8230;) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 304 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n theo ASTM\/JIS\/GB; c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n Ni\/Cr.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-thong-so-hoa-hoc-va-co-tinh-diem-khac-biet-thuong-\">Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u01a1 t\u00ednh: \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<h3>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc (GB\/T 20878 so v\u1edbi ASTM\/JIS)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ea3i Cr\/Ni c\u1ee7a GB th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1t v\u1edbi AISI\/ASTM; v\u00ed d\u1ee5 06Cr19Ni10: Cr 18.0\u201320.0%, Ni 8.0\u201311.0%.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00e1c 201 theo GB c\u00f3 Ni th\u1ea5p (th\u01b0\u1eddng 3.5\u20135.5%) v\u00e0 Mn, N cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh austenite; v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u00e9m 304, d\u1ec5 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb nh\u1eb9 sau gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u201cL\u201d trong ASTM\/JIS ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh C \u2264 0,03%; trong GB bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng \u201c022\u201d (0,022%) ho\u1eb7c \u201c017\u201d.<\/p>\n<h3>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 theo GB\/T 3280 &#038; 4237)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 sai kh\u00e1c nh\u1ecf so v\u1edbi ASTM A240\/A480 do ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (2B\/BA\/No.1).<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t:<br \/>\n  &#8211; No.1: t\u1ea5m c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng, \u1ee7 t\u1ea9y<br \/>\n  &#8211; 2B: c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i, \u1ee7 t\u1ea9y, da c\u00e1 nh\u1eb9<br \/>\n  &#8211; BA: \u1ee7 b\u00f3ng (bright anneal)<br \/>\n  &#8211; HL: Hairline<br \/>\n&#8211; Dung sai \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y\/\u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng: GB\/T 3280 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh theo b\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y; m\u1ee9c \u201cth\u1eaft\u201d dung sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c ASTM A480. Khi c\u1ea7n l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, h\u00e3y ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 l\u1edbp dung sai (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u201ctight tolerance\u201d ho\u1eb7c m\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 theo ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a GB\/T 3280).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-ong-inox-theo-gb-chon-dung-tieu-chuan-cho-ung-dung\">\u1ed0ng inox theo GB: ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u1ed0ng \u0111\u00fac d\u1eabn l\u01b0u ch\u1ea5t: GB\/T 14976-2021<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c\/kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y (eddy current\/UT) theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n (n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9): GB\/T 12771-2019<br \/>\n  &#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 h\u00e0n (TIG\/Plasma), x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n (pickling\/passivation), th\u1eed k\u00edn.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u (khung, lan can): GB\/T 12770-2017<br \/>\n  &#8211; T\u1eadp trung c\u01a1 t\u00ednh\/\u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eb3ng\/\u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4van; kh\u00f4ng lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n<p>Khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u1ed1ng, n\u00ean n\u00eau:<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00e1c (GB) v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u201cn\u01b0\u1edbc RO\u201d), chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m trong\/ngo\u00e0i, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed (hydrotest, eddy current), y\u00eau c\u1ea7u passivation, n\u1ed9i soi m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-ho-so-cocq-mtc-va-truy-xuat-bat-buoc-khi-mua-inox-\">H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 CO\/CQ, MTC v\u00e0 truy xu\u1ea5t: b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c khi mua inox GB<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; CO (Certificate of Origin): v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u01b0u ti\u00ean C\/O Form E (ACFTA) \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng thu\u1ebf \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ean nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00f9ng nh\u00e3n ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 MTC.<br \/>\n&#8211; CQ\/MTC (Mill Test Certificate):<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ghi r\u00f5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (GB\/T 3280, 4237, 12771&#8230;), m\u00e1c GB (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 06Cr19Ni10), s\u1ed1 heat\/lot, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 NDT (n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u1ed1ng).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1eef k\u00fd\/tem \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, d\u1ea5u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 TISCO, BaoSteel, Tsingshan, LISCO), ng\u00e0y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Truy xu\u1ea5t: m\u1ed7i coil\/t\u1ea5m\/\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n heat number; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u in\/kh\u1eafc m\u00e1c + ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n + heat tr\u00ean m\u00e9p coil\/\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-so-sanh-gb-voi-astmjisen-nhung-khac-biet-co-the-an\">So s\u00e1nh GB v\u1edbi ASTM\/JIS\/EN: nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n: ASTM\/JIS c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nh\u1ecbp v\u1edbi GB; h\u00e3y \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201cphi\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u0103m\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<br \/>\n&#8211; Dung sai k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng: GB\/T 3280 c\u00f3 d\u1ea3i dung sai ri\u00eang; n\u1ebfu d\u1ef1 \u00e1n theo ASTM A480, h\u00e3y n\u00eau r\u00f5 c\u1ea7n \u201cequivalent or better\u201d.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1eed \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd h\u1ea1t: m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tham chi\u1ebfu ASTM A262 ho\u1eb7c GB\/T 4334; kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi MTC.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t BA: y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00f2 BA \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n; BA \u201c\u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng c\u01a1\u201d kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng BA \u1ee7 b\u00f3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef: GB d\u00f9ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u m\u00e1c theo th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n (06Cr19Ni10), ASTM d\u00f9ng \u201cType 304\u201d; tr\u00e1nh nh\u1ea7m trong PO\/h\u1ed3 s\u01a1.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-checklist-ky-thuat-khi-dat-mua-inox-gb\">Checklist k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt khi \u0111\u1eb7t mua inox GB<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e1c GB ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c + ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m + phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 022Cr17Ni12Mo2 theo GB\/T 3280-2015).<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: 2B\/BA\/No.1\/HL, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u PVC\/PE b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n gia c\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc: d\u00e0y x r\u1ed9ng\/d\u00e0i (t\u1ea5m) ho\u1eb7c OD x WT (\u1ed1ng), dung sai theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u201ctighter\u201d.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t: \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a (HV\/HRB), \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m Ra (n\u1ebfu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u).<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m: PMI\/XRF 100%, IGC (n\u1ebfu h\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m\/\u00e1p l\u1ef1c), hydrotest\/NDT cho \u1ed1ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i, ghi nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 heat\/standard\/grade, pallet g\u1ed7 hun tr\u00f9ng, ch\u1ed1ng \u1ea9m.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ed3 s\u01a1: C\/O Form E, MTC theo heat, packing list, invoice, \u1ea3nh nh\u00e3n ki\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc giao.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao: Incoterms, lead time, ch\u00eanh d\u00e0y \u00e2m t\u1ed1i \u0111a ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, b\u00f9 m\u00e9p\/trim.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-nhan-dien-va-tranh-rui-ro-thuong-gap\">Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 201 gi\u1ea3 304: d\u00f9ng nam ch\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7; 201 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb y\u1ebfu sau gia c\u00f4ng, 304 ngu\u1ed9i m\u1ea1nh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: PMI\/XRF v\u00e0 xem Ni tr\u00ean MTC.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304 \u201cti\u1ebft Ni\u201d (304J1\/304D) b\u00e1n nh\u01b0 304: kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng Type 304 theo ASTM\/GB; ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e1c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u00ean MTC\/nh\u00e3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Dung sai \u00e2m qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c: coil\/t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n danh ngh\u0129a, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u\/c\u1eaft laser. \u0110o b\u1eb1ng panme v\u00e0 so v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng dung sai GB\/T 3280.<br \/>\n&#8211; BA gi\u1ea3: b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00f3ng do \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i BA \u1ee7 b\u00f3ng; ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f3 l\u00f2 BA v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u d\u00f9ng cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n: GB\/T 12770 kh\u00f4ng thay cho GB\/T 12771; m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-vi-du-dat-hang-dung-ong-han-304l-cho-nuoc-ro\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00fang: \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n 304L cho n\u01b0\u1edbc RO<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u: 022Cr19Ni10, GB\/T 12771-2019, OD 50.8 mm x WT 1.5 mm, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong\/ngo\u00e0i pickled &#038; passivated, Ra trong \u2264 0.8 \u03bcm, hydrotest 100%, eddy current 100%, m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n TIG, BA (n\u1ebfu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u), MTC k\u00e8m k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 IGC theo GB\/T 4334 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p E.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ed3 s\u01a1: C\/O Form E, MTC heat-based, ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn v\u1ec7 sinh n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-kiem-tra-nhanh-khi-nghiem-thu-tai-kho\">Ki\u1ec3m tra nhanh khi nghi\u1ec7m thu t\u1ea1i kho<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu nh\u00e3n ki\u1ec7n v\u1edbi PO v\u00e0 MTC: m\u00e1c, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, heat, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, finish.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 dung sai t\u1ea1i 3\u20135 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed\/ki\u1ec7n.<br \/>\n&#8211; PMI\/XRF x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh Cr\/Ni\/Mn\/Mo; \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi 201\/304\/316.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1ea7u, r\u1ed7; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi BA\/HL y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u1edbp film b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1edbi \u1ed1ng: ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4van, \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eb3ng, soi m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, th\u1eed \u00e1p n\u1ebfu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-11-thue-hs-va-nhap-khau-tham-khao\">Thu\u1ebf, HS v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u (tham kh\u1ea3o)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; HS ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: 7219\u20137220 (t\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9), 7222\/7223 (thanh\/d\u00e2y), 7304 (\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00fac), 7306 (\u1ed1ng h\u00e0n).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u01afu \u0111\u00e3i thu\u1ebf: C\/O Form E gi\u00fap h\u01b0\u1edfng \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i ACFTA n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng quy t\u1eafc xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-12-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; GB\/T 20878 \u2014 Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steels: Designation and Chemical Composition (SAC\/TC 183)<br \/>\n&#8211; GB\/T 3280-2015 \u2014 Cold-rolled stainless steel plate, sheet and strip<br \/>\n&#8211; GB\/T 4237-2015 \u2014 Hot-rolled stainless steel plate, sheet and strip<br \/>\n&#8211; GB\/T 12771-2019 \u2014 Welded stainless steel pipes for corrosion resisting applications<br \/>\n&#8211; GB\/T 14976-2021 \u2014 Seamless stainless steel pipes for fluid transport<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM A240\/A480 (t\u1ea5m), ASTM A312 (\u1ed1ng), JIS G4304\/G4305 (t\u1ea5m\/cuon), JIS G4303 (thanh)<br \/>\n&#8211; Catalog k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Baosteel, TISCO, Tsingshan (b\u1ea3ng m\u00e1c v\u00e0 d\u1ea3i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y)<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-13-khi-nao-nen-uu-tien-mac-gb-khi-nao-nen-giu-astmjis\">Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean m\u00e1c GB, khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean gi\u1eef ASTM\/JIS?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba Trung Qu\u1ed1c, chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Trung Qu\u1ed1c: d\u00f9ng GB gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, s\u1eb5n h\u00e0ng, gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ef1 \u00e1n theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n\/gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i: duy tr\u00ec ASTM\/JIS\/EN ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u201cGB t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n\u201d + quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau quan tr\u1ecdng (h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, th\u1eed \u0103n m\u00f2n, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-14-ket-luan-mua-inox-gb-dung-chuan-bat-dau-tu-tieu-ch\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: mua inox GB \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, m\u00e1c v\u00e0 MTC<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; N\u1eafm 3 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t: ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (GB\/T 3280, 4237, 12771, 14976&#8230;), m\u00e1c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc (GB\/T 20878) v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 CO\/CQ\/MTC truy xu\u1ea5t theo heat.<br \/>\n&#8211; Quy \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e1c th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng; \u0111\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc \u201c304\/316\u201d m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn m\u00e1c GB c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (06Cr&#8230;, 022Cr&#8230;) v\u00e0 d\u1ea3i Ni\/Cr tr\u00ean MTC.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ghi r\u00f5 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, dung sai, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong PO; ki\u1ec3m PMI khi nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn 201\/304\/316.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro b\u1eb1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nh\u00e3n ki\u1ec7n, dung sai \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh BA th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho inox GB? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh. Hotline: 0343.417.281. Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec3u chu\u1ea9n GB\/T (3280, 4237, 1220, 12771, 14976), quy \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi ASTM\/JIS, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc m\u00e1c 06Cr19Ni10, ki\u1ec3m CO\/CQ &#038; MTC, tr\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro khi mua inox Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1069,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1887","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1887","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1887"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1887\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1069"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}