{"id":1903,"date":"2026-04-14T12:34:07","date_gmt":"2026-04-14T05:34:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-do-bong-mau-be-mat\/"},"modified":"2026-04-14T12:34:07","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T05:34:07","slug":"phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-do-bong-mau-be-mat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-do-bong-mau-be-mat\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t inox 201\/304\/316\/430 b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft: \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng, m\u00e0u, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-nguyen-tac-va-gioi-han-khi-nhan-biet-bang-mat\">Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n khi nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-cac-tieu-chi-thi-giac-cot-loi\">C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-so-sanh-truc-quan-theo-mac-thep-pho-bien-tai-viet-\">So s\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c quan theo m\u00e1c th\u00e9p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-nhan-biet-theo-dang-san-pham\">Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft theo d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-thu-thuat-thi-giac-de-tranh-bay-tren-thi-truong\">Th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u201cb\u1eaby\u201d tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-quy-trinh-6-buoc-kiem-tra-nhanh-bang-mat-tai-hien-\">Quy tr\u00ecnh 6 b\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3m tra nhanh b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-khi-nao-can-kiem-dinh-them-ngoai-mat-thuong\">Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00eam (ngo\u00e0i \u201cm\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-tinh-huong-thuc-te-tai-viet-nam-va-meo-nhan-biet\">T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 m\u1eb9o nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-co-so-ky-thuat-va-tai-lieu-tham-khao\">C\u01a1 s\u1edf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i inox b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ngay t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng hay c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e9p th\u1eed nam ch\u00e2m, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c XRF. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ba ti\u00eau ch\u00ed th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nhanh nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m m\u00e1c inox ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn (201, 304, 316, 430) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (2B, BA, No.4\/HL, SB, No.8). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh gh\u00e9p quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ed9 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng inox tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed9i dung d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ngay.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-nguyen-tac-va-gioi-han-khi-nhan-biet-bang-mat\">Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n khi nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau: s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc nhanh, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro mua nh\u1ea7m m\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n: 304 v\u00e0 316 kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft do t\u00f4ng m\u00e0u g\u1ea7n nhau; \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n (finish) nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u00e1c th\u00e9p.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n quan s\u00e1t: d\u00f9ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e8n tr\u1eafng CRI cao; lau s\u1ea1ch d\u1ea7u\/m\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7; th\u00e1o film m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n (n\u1ebfu an to\u00e0n) v\u00ec film m\u00e0u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ec7ch nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng: d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t. Khi c\u1ea7n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, h\u00e3y b\u1ed5 sung ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng nam ch\u00e2m, thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed nhanh Mo\/Ni ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y XRF.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-cac-tieu-chi-thi-giac-cot-loi\">C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/h2>\n<h3>1) \u0110\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng (Gloss) v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; No.1 (c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng, t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9): m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c, th\u00f4, v\u00e2n c\u00e1n r\u00f5, d\u00f9ng cho gia c\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp theo (gia c\u00f4ng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7, m\u1ea1).<br \/>\n&#8211; 2B (c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i + c\u00e1n da): b\u00e1n m\u1edd, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t cho t\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<br \/>\n&#8211; BA\/Bright Annealed (\u1ee7 b\u00f3ng): b\u00f3ng s\u00e2u nh\u01b0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eb9, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n v\u1eadt th\u1ec3; b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u201c\u0111\u1ec1u, m\u1ecbn, \u00edt h\u1ea1t\u201d.<br \/>\n&#8211; No.4\/HL (Hairline): v\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edbc tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u; No.4 c\u00f3 x\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecbn ng\u1eafn; HL d\u00e0i, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng.<br \/>\n&#8211; SB\/Scotch-Brite: x\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ee5c, s\u1ee3i ng\u1eafn, th\u00f4 h\u01a1n No.4; d\u00f9ng cho trang tr\u00ed, ch\u1ed1ng l\u00f3e.<br \/>\n&#8211; No.8\/8K (g\u01b0\u01a1ng): g\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, soi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y v\u00e2n.<br \/>\nG\u1ee3i \u00fd: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m BA\/No.8 qu\u00e1 \u201cg\u1eaft\u201d nh\u01b0ng v\u00f9ng b\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u201c\u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u\u201d, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb n\u1ec1n 201 ho\u1eb7c 430 gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb.<\/p>\n<h3>2) M\u00e0u s\u1eafc (Hue\/Tone)<\/h3>\n<p>Quan s\u00e1t trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u1eafng:<br \/>\n&#8211; 201 (Mn cao, Ni th\u1ea5p): t\u00f4ng \u1ea5m h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00f4i khi h\u01a1i ng\u1ea3 v\u00e0ng\/n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t; khi x\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng cho v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1eabm.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304 (Cr-Ni chu\u1ea9n 18\/8): t\u00f4ng trung t\u00ednh, \u201cm\u00e0u th\u00e9p\u201d c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316 (c\u00f3 Mo ~2%): r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n 304; \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u201cx\u00e1m l\u1ea1nh\u201d h\u01a1n \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n 2B\/BA ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. B\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1edbi 304.<br \/>\n&#8211; 430 (ferritic, kh\u00f4ng Ni): x\u00e1m l\u1ea1nh, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 k\u00e9m \u201cs\u00e2u\u201d h\u01a1n BA c\u1ee7a 304; h\u1ea1t c\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 h\u01a1n tr\u00ean 2B.<br \/>\nL\u01b0u \u00fd: s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0u r\u1ea5t tinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 v\u00e0 film PE.<\/p>\n<h3>3) K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (Texture\/Pattern) v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u gia c\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ea5u v\u00e2n c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i: h\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t m\u1ecbn, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean 2B; 430 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u201ch\u1ea1t\u201d r\u00f5 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi 304\/316 t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1ebft t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9\/pickling v\u00f9ng h\u00e0n: m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea9y axit \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n cho m\u00e0u x\u00e1m \u0111\u1ec1u; n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7ng m\u00e0u n\u00e2u xanh (heat tint) r\u1ed9ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u00e1c th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u00e9m.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n d\u1ecdc \u1ed1ng h\u1ed9p (ERW): c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn\/soi ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n th\u1eb3ng; \u1ed1ng BA th\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n kh\u00f3 th\u1ea5y h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; G\u1edd m\u00e9p c\u1eaft: m\u00e9p c\u1eaft plasma\/oxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ec9n; m\u00e9p laser m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng. 201 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u nhanh h\u01a1n \u1edf m\u00e9p tr\u1ea7n ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u1ea9m.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-so-sanh-truc-quan-theo-mac-thep-pho-bien-tai-viet-\">So s\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c quan theo m\u00e1c th\u00e9p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<h3>Tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t 2B<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 201:<br \/>\n  &#8211; T\u00f4ng \u00e1nh \u1ea5m, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nh\u01b0ng \u201cc\u1ea1n\u201d h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u1ea1t c\u00e1n \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u1ed9 r\u00f5, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1ebfu c\u00e1n\/\u1ee7 k\u00e9m.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304:<br \/>\n  &#8211; T\u00f4ng trung t\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u; b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u201cs\u1ea1ch m\u1eaft\u201d, \u00edt h\u1ea1t th\u00f4.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n v\u1edbi 304; \u0111\u00f4i khi h\u01a1i x\u00e1m h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; 430:<br \/>\n  &#8211; X\u00e1m l\u1ea1nh; \u0111\u1ed9 \u201cs\u00e2u\u201d ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 k\u00e9m; h\u1ea1t c\u00e1n hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.  <\/p>\n<h3>Tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n BA (\u1ee7 b\u00f3ng)\/No.8<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 201:<br \/>\n  &#8211; B\u00f3ng \u201cg\u1eaft\u201d nh\u01b0ng n\u00f4ng, d\u1ec5 l\u1ed9 \u201ccam orange peel\u201d khi soi nghi\u00eang; v\u00f9ng b\u00f3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 loang nh\u1eb9.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304:<br \/>\n  &#8211; B\u00f3ng s\u00e2u, m\u1ecbn, ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 r\u00f5 n\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Nh\u01b0 304; tr\u00ean BA ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u00e1nh x\u00e1m l\u1ea1nh tinh t\u1ebf.<br \/>\n&#8211; 430:<br \/>\n  &#8211; B\u00f3ng nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9m \u201cs\u00e2u\u201d; ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu c\u00f3 s\u1eafc l\u1ea1nh.  <\/p>\n<h3>Tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n No.4\/HL\/SB (x\u01b0\u1edbc)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 201:<br \/>\n  &#8211; V\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd tr\u00f4ng s\u1eabm h\u01a1n; \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ed9 v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304\/316:<br \/>\n  &#8211; V\u00e2n s\u1eafc n\u00e9t, s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ec1u; \u00edt v\u1ec7t \u0111en gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u01b0\u1edbc.<br \/>\n&#8211; 430:<br \/>\n  &#8211; V\u00e2n nh\u00ecn \u201ckh\u00f4\u201d, \u00e1nh l\u1ea1nh; d\u1ec5 l\u1ed9 sai l\u1ec7ch khi x\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-nhan-biet-theo-dang-san-pham\">Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft theo d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/h2>\n<h3>T\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Film b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7: nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y in m\u00e1c\/ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00ean film (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u201cAISI 304\/ASTM A240\/2B\u201d). \u0110\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 th\u00f4ng tin in tr\u00ean film\/tem coil.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tem nh\u00e3n c\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9n: th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u00e1c, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, nhi\u1ec7t luy\u1ec7n, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t No.1: n\u1ebfu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trang tr\u00ed nh\u01b0ng giao No.1, c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c v\u00ec No.1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9.<\/p>\n<h3>\u1ed0ng, h\u1ed9p, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u1ed0ng\/h\u1ed9p trang tr\u00ed BA: soi d\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n; BA th\u1eadt x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn; 201 gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y s\u1ecdc b\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u quanh m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n h\u00e0n: v\u00f9ng HAZ r\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u00e9m; v\u1edbi 304\/316 chu\u1ea9n, sau pickling\/passivation, m\u00e0u x\u00e1m \u0111\u1ec1u, \u00edt qu\u1ea7ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fac: 201\/430 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u201cr\u1ed7\u201d h\u01a1n, l\u1ed9 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt \u0111\u00fac r\u00f5 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh nghi\u00eang so v\u1edbi 304\/316 r\u00e8n\/gia c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-thu-thuat-thi-giac-de-tranh-bay-tren-thi-truong\">Th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u201cb\u1eaby\u201d tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u201cC\u00e0ng b\u00f3ng c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t\u201d l\u00e0 sai. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp m\u00e1c th\u00e9p. 201 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh g\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t b\u00f3ng nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ecbu \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n 304\/316.<br \/>\n&#8211; BA \u201c\u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ea1i\u201d t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f3ng g\u1eaft nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebfu chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u, loang \u00e1nh. Soi nghi\u00eang \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u201corange peel\u201d.<br \/>\n&#8211; Film m\u00e0u xanh\/\u0111en l\u00e0m l\u1ec7ch nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0u. Lu\u00f4n quan s\u00e1t ph\u1ea7n tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f3c film v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 lau s\u1ea1ch d\u1ea7u.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf\/x\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 v\u1ebft \u201cnh\u1ea3y x\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d ho\u1eb7c v\u1ec7t xo\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u1ec5 nh\u00ecn tr\u00ean HL\/SB.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-quy-trinh-6-buoc-kiem-tra-nhanh-bang-mat-tai-hien-\">Quy tr\u00ecnh 6 b\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3m tra nhanh b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n<p>1) Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u1eafng, lau s\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec3m quan s\u00e1t.<br \/>\n2) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n (No.1, 2B, BA, No.4\/HL, SB, No.8).<br \/>\n3) Soi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng: nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201corange peel\u201d\/loang.<br \/>\n4) So m\u00e0u: so t\u00f4ng \u1ea5m\/l\u1ea1nh so v\u1edbi m\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3), ch\u00fa \u00fd s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u to\u00e0n t\u1ea5m\/\u1ed1ng.<br \/>\n5) Quan s\u00e1t k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u: v\u00e2n c\u00e1n, v\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n, v\u00f9ng pickling; ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e9p c\u1eaft.<br \/>\n6) Ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u00e3n\/film in m\u00e1c &#8211; ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n &#8211; nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t; \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\/ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 (MTC).<br \/>\nGhi ch\u00fa: N\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, chuy\u1ec3n sang b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eed n\u00e2ng cao (nam ch\u00e2m, thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed Mo\/Ni, XRF).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-khi-nao-can-kiem-dinh-them-ngoai-mat-thuong\">Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00eam (ngo\u00e0i \u201cm\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 304 v\u00e0 316 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn (khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed Mo ho\u1eb7c XRF).<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ef1 \u00e1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb cung c\u1ea5p MTC theo ASTM A240 (t\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n) ho\u1eb7c ASTM A554 (\u1ed1ng trang tr\u00ed), ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e1c tr\u00ean tem coil\/\u1ed1ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n cao (ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t): \u0111\u1eebng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng; b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-tinh-huong-thuc-te-tai-viet-nam-va-meo-nhan-biet\">T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 m\u1eb9o nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 201 gi\u1ea3 304 trong \u1ed1ng\/h\u1ed9p BA: b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u1ea5t b\u00f3ng nh\u01b0ng soi nghi\u00eang d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y loang; nh\u00ecn b\u00ean trong \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u; m\u00e9p c\u1eaft th\u00e2m nhanh khi \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ea9m.<br \/>\n&#8211; 430 tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0o l\u00f4 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n: s\u1eafc l\u1ea1nh, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u201ckh\u00f4\u201d, h\u1ea1t c\u00e1n hi\u1ec7n; nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft d\u1eadp m\u1ecfng tr\u00f4ng \u201ct\u1ebb\u201d h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi 304.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304 th\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t 2B t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u1edbn: t\u00f4ng trung t\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, \u00edt khuy\u1ebft d\u1ea1ng \u201cda cam\u201d; tem\/film in r\u00f5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, l\u00f4 nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-co-so-ky-thuat-va-tai-lieu-tham-khao\">C\u01a1 s\u1edf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; ASTM A480\/A480M \u2013 General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless Steel (\u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n No.1, 2D\/2B, BA, No.4, No.8).<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM A240\/A240M \u2013 Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip.<br \/>\n&#8211; ASSDA (Australian Stainless Steel Development Association) \u2013 Stainless Steel Surface Finishes (assda.asn.au): m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 tr\u1ef1c quan \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u00e1c finish.<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu Stainless Steel Handbook &#038; Surface Finishes (outokumpu.com): d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft h\u1ea1t c\u00e1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nickel Institute \u2013 Guidelines for selection and corrosion resistance (nickelinstitute.org): n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ngo\u1ea1i quan.<br \/>\nC\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n tr\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 ba \u201ct\u00edn hi\u1ec7u\u201d th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc inox: 201 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5m v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng n\u00f4ng; 304 trung t\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ec1u; 316 r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n 304; 430 x\u00e1m l\u1ea1nh, h\u1ea1t c\u00e1n r\u00f5.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tuy nhi\u00ean, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n m\u00e1c th\u00e9p. V\u00ec v\u1eady, quan s\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i \u0111i k\u00e8m x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn nh\u00e3n\/film v\u00e0 (khi c\u1ea7n) th\u1eed n\u00e2ng cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh 6 b\u01b0\u1edbc trong b\u00e0i s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn r\u1ee7i ro ngay t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c, \u0111\u00fang b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<br \/>\nHotline: 0343.417.281<br \/>\nEmail: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft inox 201, 304, 316, 430 b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft qua \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng, t\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, v\u00e2n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (2B, BA, HL), d\u1ea5u m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n; quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra nhanh t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1042,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1903","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1903","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1903"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1903\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1042"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1903"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1903"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1903"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}