{"id":1913,"date":"2026-04-17T00:35:05","date_gmt":"2026-04-16T17:35:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/chieu-tro-gia-inox-304-cach-nhan-biet-va-phong-tranh-hieu-qua\/"},"modified":"2026-04-17T00:35:05","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T17:35:05","slug":"chieu-tro-gia-inox-304-cach-nhan-biet-va-phong-tranh-hieu-qua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/chieu-tro-gia-inox-304-cach-nhan-biet-va-phong-tranh-hieu-qua\/","title":{"rendered":"Chi\u00eau tr\u00f2 gi\u1ea3 Inox 304: c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-vi-sao-inox-304-hay-bi-lam-gia\">V\u00ec sao Inox 304 hay b\u1ecb l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-10-chieu-tro-lam-gia-inox-304-pho-bien\">10 chi\u00eau tr\u00f2 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3 Inox 304 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-he-qua-khi-dung-inox-304-gia\">H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 khi d\u00f9ng Inox 304 gi\u1ea3<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-nhung-meo-sai-lech-thuong-bi-loi-dung\">Nh\u1eefng \u201cm\u1eb9o\u201d sai l\u1ec7ch th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-cach-phong-tranh-quy-trinh-kiem-soat-tung-buoc\">C\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh: Quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-chi-so-ky-thuat-cot-loi-de-phan-biet-nhanh-304-201\">Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nhanh 304 \u2013 201 \u2013 430<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-checklist-nhap-hang-thuc-te-ap-dung-cho-tamonghop\">Checklist nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5m\/\u1ed1ng\/h\u1ed9p)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-vi-du-thuc-te\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Inox 304 l\u00e0 m\u00e1c th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i quan t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1c r\u1ebb h\u01a1n khi\u1ebfn 304 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201c\u0111\u00edch ng\u1eafm\u201d c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u chi\u00eau tr\u00f2 gian l\u1eadn. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3 Inox 304 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u2013 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng inox.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-vi-sao-inox-304-hay-bi-lam-gia\">V\u00ec sao Inox 304 hay b\u1ecb l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi 201\/202\/430 khi\u1ebfn gian th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 tr\u00e1o m\u00e1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sau \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng (BA\/2B\/HL\/No.4) r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nhau b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u201ch\u1ec5 h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i 304\u201d b\u1ecb l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u00e1o kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf 304 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb sau gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i, c\u00f2n 201 c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb; ph\u00e9p th\u1eed nam ch\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 g\u1ee3i \u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c [1].<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-10-chieu-tro-lam-gia-inox-304-pho-bien\">10 chi\u00eau tr\u00f2 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3 Inox 304 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n<h3>1) D\u00e1n\/kh\u1eafc m\u00e1c 304 cho th\u00e9p 201\/202<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; D\u00f9ng d\u1ea3i th\u00e9p 201\/202 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng BA\/2B, d\u00e1n tem\/kh\u1eafc laser \u201cSUS304\/ASTM 304\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf \u1ed1ng trang tr\u00ed, t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng 0.5\u20131.5 mm.<\/p>\n<h3>2) M\u1ea1o danh th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nh\u00e3n cu\u1ed9n\/t\u1ea5m<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Gi\u1ea3 logo nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y (Baosteel, TISCO, POSCO\u2026), in sai font\/chu\u1ea9n m\u00e3 nhi\u1ec7t (heat number).<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e9p t\u1ea5m\/\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 in d\u1ea5u g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<h3>3) Gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (MTC) v\u00e0 CO\/CQ<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MTC 3.1 b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda PDF, QR code kh\u00f4ng truy xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp m\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<h3>4) Tr\u1ed9n l\u00f4 (mixing)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u1ed9n 10\u201330% 201\/430 v\u00e0o ki\u1ec7n\/h\u00f2m 304, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi giao theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y\/t\u1ea5m thay v\u00ec theo kg.<\/p>\n<h3>5) Thi\u1ebfu chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y (under-gauge) v\u00e0 sai tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; B\u00e1n \u201c304 d\u00e0y 1.0 mm\u201d nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c \u0111o 0.85\u20130.92 mm; c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft theo m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ~7.9 g\/cm3.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gian l\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111i k\u00e8m d\u00e1n m\u00e1c sai \u0111\u1ec3 che gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb.<\/p>\n<h3>6) D\u00f9ng 430 (ferritic, kh\u00f4ng Ni) m\u00e0i b\u00f3ng gi\u1ea3 d\u1ea1ng 304<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00f3ng nh\u01b0 304 nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u00e9m; th\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n<h3>7) \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n trang tr\u00ed in sai m\u00e1c<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; D\u00f9ng b\u0103ng th\u00e9p 201 c\u00e1n \u1ed1ng nh\u01b0ng in \u201cSUS304\u201d tr\u00ean th\u00e2n \u1ed1ng; m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea9y x\u1ec9\/pickling \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n<h3>8) K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u\/\u0111\u1ed3 gia d\u1ee5ng \u201chai l\u1edbp\u201d<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; L\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i m\u1ecfng b\u1eb1ng 304, l\u00f5i\/chi ti\u1ebft khu\u1ea5t l\u00e0m t\u1eeb 201\/430 ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng; sau v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0n\/vi\u1ec1n m\u00e9p g\u1ec9 loang.<\/p>\n<h3>9) T\u1ea9y axit, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cche\u201d khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea1o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00e1ng m\u1edbi, che r\u1ed7\/\u1ed1 g\u1ec9 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi; sau l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t nhanh ch\u00f3ng xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<h3>10) \u0110\u00e1nh tr\u00e1o 304L\/304 v\u00e0 m\u00e1c g\u1ea7n (303, 301)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; C\u1ea5p 303 (l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh cao, d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng) hay 301 (Ni th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n) b\u1ecb in 304; ho\u1eb7c 304 carbon cao b\u1ecb n\u00f3i th\u00e0nh 304L.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-he-qua-khi-dung-inox-304-gia\">H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 khi d\u00f9ng Inox 304 gi\u1ea3<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u0102n m\u00f2n r\u1ed7, \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng, n\u1ee9t \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t clorua s\u1edbm h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn.<br \/>\n&#8211; Suy gi\u1ea3m c\u01a1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u; r\u1ee7i ro an to\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Chi ph\u00ed s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, thay th\u1ebf, m\u1ea5t uy t\u00edn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-nhung-meo-sai-lech-thuong-bi-loi-dung\">Nh\u1eefng \u201cm\u1eb9o\u201d sai l\u1ec7ch th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u1eed nam ch\u00e2m: ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc s\u01a1 b\u1ed9; 304 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb nh\u1eb9 sau c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i\/h\u00e0n; 201\/202 c\u0169ng \u00edt nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn d\u1ef1a ri\u00eang nam ch\u00e2m l\u00e0 sai [1].<br \/>\n&#8211; Nh\u00ecn m\u00e0u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: 2B\/BA\/No.4 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1c r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u00e1 qu\u00e1 r\u1ebb: ch\u00eanh 10\u201320% so v\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecf; ch\u00eanh 30\u201340% g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 gian l\u1eadn m\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-cach-phong-tranh-quy-trinh-kiem-soat-tung-buoc\">C\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh: Quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h2>\n<h3>1) Ghi r\u00f5 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ngay t\u1eeb b\u00e1o gi\u00e1\/h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Chu\u1ea9n m\u00e1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n: \u201cASTM A240 Type 304 ho\u1eb7c EN 1.4301 (304)\u201d, v\u1edbi dung sai theo ASTM A480 (t\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n) ho\u1eb7c ASTM A554\/A312 (\u1ed1ng).<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (2B\/BA\/No.4\/HL), chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y danh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 dung sai, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9, m\u00e3 nhi\u1ec7t (heat), y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 EN 10204 Type 3.1.<\/p>\n<h3>2) Ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n tr\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; MTC 3.1 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n: t\u00ean nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, m\u00e1c, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc (%) v\u00e0 c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, s\u1ed1 heat\/coil, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc; s\u1ed1 heat kh\u1eafc\/in tr\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i tr\u00f9ng MTC [2].<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra QR\/serial truy xu\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y khi c\u00f3.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n VAT, CO\/CQ h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7, d\u1ea5u ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<h3>3) Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (PMI) \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; PMI b\u1eb1ng XRF c\u1ea7m tay \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc nhanh Cr, Ni, Mn:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304: Cr ~18\u201320%, Ni ~8\u201310.5%, Mn \u22642% [3].<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: Cr ~16\u201318%, Ni ~3.5\u20135.5%, Mn ~5.5\u20137.5% [4].<br \/>\n  &#8211; 430: Cr ~16\u201318%, Ni \u22480% [5].<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 304 vs 304L: d\u00f9ng OES\/spark \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o C (304L c\u00f3 C \u22640.03%) \u2013 XRF kh\u00f4ng \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c C ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; Thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed Ni (DMG) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nhanh \u201cc\u00f3\/kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Ni\u201d, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf PMI \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u201cMoly-drop test\u201d ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 316 c\u00f3 Mo v\u1edbi 304; kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i 304 vs 201.<\/p>\n<h3>4) Ki\u1ec3m tra k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110o chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y t\u1ea1i \u22655 \u0111i\u1ec3m\/t\u1ea5m b\u1eb1ng panme\/th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o si\u00eau \u00e2m.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00e2n ki\u1ec7n so s\u00e1nh \u201ctr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft\u201d theo m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ~7.9 g\/cm3:<br \/>\n  &#8211; T\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (kg) \u2248 D\u00e0y (mm) \u00d7 R\u1ed9ng (m) \u00d7 D\u00e0i (m) \u00d7 7.93.<br \/>\n&#8211; Sai l\u1ec7ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng >3\u20135% l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n m\u00e1c\/thi\u1ebfu chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h3>5) Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n khi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Phun s\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1i theo ASTM B117 \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh nhanh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n h\u00e0ng khi d\u00f9ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\/g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea9y x\u1ec9\/pickling v\u00e0 passivation \u0111\u00fang (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 theo ASTM A967).<\/p>\n<h3>6) L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p uy t\u00edn<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00f3 kho h\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh tr\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng khi sai m\u00e1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; Cung c\u1ea5p MTC 3.1 truy xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 (PMI).<br \/>\n&#8211; Tham chi\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 cung \u1ee9ng, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-chi-so-ky-thuat-cot-loi-de-phan-biet-nhanh-304-201\">Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nhanh 304 \u2013 201 \u2013 430<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304 (UNS S30400): Cr 18\u201320%, Ni 8\u201310.5%, Mn \u22642% [3].<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201 (UNS S20100): Cr 16\u201318%, Ni 3.5\u20135.5%, Mn 5.5\u20137.5% [4].<br \/>\n  &#8211; 430 (UNS S43000): Cr 16\u201318%, Ni \u22480% (ferritic) [5].<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1eeb t\u00ednh:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 430: nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201\/304 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ee7 chu\u1ea9n: th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t \u00edt ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb; sau c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i\/h\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb nh\u1eb9 (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t 304) [1].<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304 > 201 > 430 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua trung b\u00ecnh; g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n\/th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m m\u1eb7n: xem x\u00e9t 316.<\/p>\n<p>Quy t\u1eafc 30 gi\u00e2y t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng:<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng nam ch\u00e2m neodymium: n\u1ebfu h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh, nghi 430\/410. N\u1ebfu h\u00fat nh\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat: v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n PMI \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh 201\/304.<br \/>\n&#8211; So Ni tr\u00ean PMI: \u22658% l\u00e0 304; 3\u20136% nghi 201; \u22480% nghi 430.<br \/>\n&#8211; So Mn tr\u00ean PMI: ~6\u20137% c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 nghi v\u1ea5n 201.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-checklist-nhap-hang-thuc-te-ap-dung-cho-tamonghop\">Checklist nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5m\/\u1ed1ng\/h\u1ed9p)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u01b0\u1edbc giao h\u00e0ng: y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 ghi r\u00f5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (ASTM\/EN), m\u00e1c, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, dung sai, MTC 3.1, \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng khi sai m\u00e1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; Khi nh\u1eadn:<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu MTC 3.1 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 heat in\/kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110o d\u00e0y, c\u00e2n ki\u1ec7n, ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh tem\/nh\u00e3n\/kh\u1eafc m\u00e1c.<br \/>\n  &#8211; PMI XRF ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean 5\u201310% s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng; l\u01b0u file k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n (\u1ed1ng): m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec1u, \u0111\u00e3 pickling\/passivation; kh\u00f4ng \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng\/\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111en ch\u1ea1y d\u00e0i.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ni\u00eam phong v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang l\u00f4 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nghi ng\u1edd; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (OES\/PMI) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eadp kho.<br \/>\n&#8211; Sau l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t: v\u1ec7 sinh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, tr\u00e1nh b\u1ee5i s\u1eaft b\u00e1m g\u00e2y g\u1ec9 ngo\u1ea1i lai.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-vi-du-thuc-te\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Lan can ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi t\u1ea1i ven bi\u1ec3n d\u00f9ng 201 gi\u1ea3 304: sau 6\u201312 th\u00e1ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng quanh m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 m\u00e9p c\u1eaft; \u0111o PMI Ni ~4.2%, Mn ~6.5%. Thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng 304 (Ni ~8.3%) v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd passivation \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; [1] ASSDA \u2013 Magnetism in Stainless Steel: https:\/\/www.assda.asn.au\/technical-info\/technical-faqs\/73-magnetism-in-stainless-steel<br \/>\n&#8211; [2] EN 10204 Type 3.1 \u2013 Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: T\u00dcV S\u00dcD gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m https:\/\/www.tuvsud.com\/en\/resource-centre\/definitions\/what-is-en-10204-type-3-1<br \/>\n&#8211; [3] Outokumpu \u2013 Core 304\/4301 (th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t): https:\/\/www.outokumpu.com\/en\/grade\/core-304-4301<br \/>\n&#8211; [4] ATI\/AK\/UNS S20100 \u2013 Datasheet Inox 201 (th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh): https:\/\/www.atimetals.com\/resources\/datasheets\/stainless\/ (t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u 201\/UNS S20100)<br \/>\n&#8211; [5] Outokumpu \u2013 Ferritic 430\/1.4016 (th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t): https:\/\/www.outokumpu.com\/en\/grade\/ferritic-430-4016<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u PMI \u2013 Thermo Fisher Scientific: https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/materials\/what-is-positive-material-identification-pmi\/<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM B117 \u2013 Salt Spray (m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p): https:\/\/www.astm.org\/b0117_b0117m-19.html<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Gian l\u1eadn Inox 304 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu xoay quanh tr\u00e1o m\u00e1c 201\/430, gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, thi\u1ebfu chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n l\u00f4. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng hay nam ch\u00e2m l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 g\u1ed3m: y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd (ASTM\/EN + MTC 3.1), ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u2013 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u2013 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, PMI XRF\/OES, v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n khi c\u1ea7n. Ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p uy t\u00edn, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n checklist nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng gi\u00fap k\u1ef9 s\u01b0\/nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o mua \u0111\u00fang 304, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t mua Inox 304 chu\u1ea9n k\u00e8m MTC 3.1, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 PMI t\u1ea1i kho\/c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u2013 Hotline: 0343.417.281. Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Phanh phui th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3 Inox 304 (d\u00e1n m\u00e1c, tr\u1ed9n 201\/430, thi\u1ebfu chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y) v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra PMI, MTC 3.1 gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p mua \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n 304.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1041,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1913","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1913","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1913"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1913\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1041"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1913"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1913"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1913"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}