{"id":1921,"date":"2026-04-19T00:34:21","date_gmt":"2026-04-18T17:34:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-loai-1-vs-loai-2-tai-che-cach-nhan-biet-rui-ro-chi-tiet\/"},"modified":"2026-04-19T00:34:21","modified_gmt":"2026-04-18T17:34:21","slug":"inox-loai-1-vs-loai-2-tai-che-cach-nhan-biet-rui-ro-chi-tiet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-loai-1-vs-loai-2-tai-che-cach-nhan-biet-rui-ro-chi-tiet\/","title":{"rendered":"Inox lo\u1ea1i 1 vs lo\u1ea1i 2 (t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf): C\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft &#038; r\u1ee7i ro chi ti\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-inox-loai-1-va-loai-2-tai-che-thuc-chat-la-gi\">Inox \u201clo\u1ea1i 1\u201d v\u00e0 \u201clo\u1ea1i 2 (t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf)\u201d th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-khac-biet-cot-loi-thanh-phan-luyen-kim-va-hieu-nan\">Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, luy\u1ec7n kim v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-9-cach-phan-biet-nhanh-tai-xuong-uu-tien-theo-do-t\">9 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nhanh t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng (\u01b0u ti\u00ean theo \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-dau-hieu-nhan-biet-hang-loai-2tai-che-ngoai-hien-t\">D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1i 2\/t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ngo\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-rui-ro-tiem-an-khi-dung-inox-loai-2-tai-che\">R\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n khi d\u00f9ng inox lo\u1ea1i 2 (t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-khi-nao-co-the-can-nhac-loai-2-tieu-chi-chap-nhan\">Khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc lo\u1ea1i 2? Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-so-sanh-nhanh-inox-loai-1-vs-loai-2-diem-mau-chot\">So s\u00e1nh nhanh: Inox lo\u1ea1i 1 vs lo\u1ea1i 2 (\u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-quy-trinh-mua-hang-an-toan-ap-dung-ngay\">Quy tr\u00ecnh mua h\u00e0ng an to\u00e0n (\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ngay)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-tinh-huong-thuc-te-thuong-gap\">T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-nguon-tham-khao-chinh\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-11-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u201cinox lo\u1ea1i 1\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cinox lo\u1ea1i 2 (h\u00e0ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf)\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0ng hay g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn sai v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i h\u00e0n, g\u1ec9 s\u00e9t s\u1edbm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, ch\u1ec9 ra kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u2013 r\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p quy tr\u00ecnh\/bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p test th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 anh em k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, th\u1ea7u c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n, ch\u1ee7 x\u01b0\u1edfng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ngay t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u mua h\u00e0ng. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh gh\u00e9p quan tr\u1ecdng trong t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng inox tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-inox-loai-1-va-loai-2-tai-che-thuc-chat-la-gi\">Inox \u201clo\u1ea1i 1\u201d v\u00e0 \u201clo\u1ea1i 2 (t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf)\u201d th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Inox lo\u1ea1i 1 (h\u00e0ng prime, chu\u1ea9n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y): S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb th\u00e9p n\u1ea5u luy\u1ec7n s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p, tinh luy\u1ec7n AOD\/VOD, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1eb7t, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: ASTM A240\/A240M cho t\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n; EN 10088; JIS G4304\/G4305). C\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng (MTC) theo EN 10204 3.1, truy xu\u1ea5t \u201cheat number\u201d \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox lo\u1ea1i 2 (t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf\/second grade\/re-rolled): N\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u, ho\u1eb7c l\u00f4 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1 c\u1ea5p do sai l\u1ec7ch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, l\u1ed7i c\u00e1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t\/\u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n c\u01a1 t\u00ednh\/\u0103n m\u00f2n. Th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ebfu MTC ho\u1eb7c MTC kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp, l\u1eabn t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t (P, S, Cu, Sn&#8230;), th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n Cr, Ni \u201ct\u1ee5t\u201d so v\u1edbi d\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n, l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd: Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201clo\u1ea1i 1\/lo\u1ea1i 2\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h3>Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam: v\u00ec sao d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea7m?<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i d\u00f9ng \u201clo\u1ea1i 1\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0ng m\u1edbi, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1eb9p, c\u00f2n \u201clo\u1ea1i 2\u201d l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 qua thu h\u1ed3i \u2013 c\u00e1n l\u1ea1i; nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u00e0ng 201\/430 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn m\u00e1c 304 \u201clo\u1ea1i 1\u201d.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e1 do Ni\/Mo t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m khi\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, h\u00e0ng pha t\u1ea1p d\u1ec5 \u201c\u0111\u1ed9i l\u1ed1t\u201d m\u00e1c cao (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 201\/430 b\u00e1n nh\u01b0 304) n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-khac-biet-cot-loi-thanh-phan-luyen-kim-va-hieu-nan\">Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, luy\u1ec7n kim v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304 chu\u1ea9n: Cr ~18\u201320%, Ni ~8\u201310.5%, C \u22640.08% (L \u22640.03%), Mn \u22642% (ASTM A240).<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: Gi\u1ea3m Ni (3.5\u20135.5%), t\u0103ng Mn (5.5\u20137.5%) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n 304 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 430 (ferritic, kh\u00f4ng Ni): Cr ~16\u201318%, t\u1eeb t\u00ednh r\u00f5, kh\u00e1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n austenitic.<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u00e0ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf\/lo\u1ea1i 2: Cr, Ni dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, C\/P\/S cao h\u01a1n, t\u1ea1p Cu\/Sn\u2026 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n, t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 n\u1ee9t n\u00f3ng, \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec3m.<br \/>\n&#8211; Luy\u1ec7n kim:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Lo\u1ea1i 1 th\u01b0\u1eddng tinh luy\u1ec7n AOD\/VOD lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf C, S, P; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t N, O \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n \u0103n m\u00f2n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Lo\u1ea1i 2 n\u1ea5u c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t k\u00e9m; ferrite\/austenite kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, d\u1ec5 bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh sau h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Lo\u1ea1i 1: \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, ph\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m theo chu\u1ea9n (2B, BA, No.4\u2026), film b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 chu\u1ea9n, d\u1ea5u c\u00e1n \u2013 mark r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Lo\u1ea1i 2: d\u00e0y m\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u, ph\u1eb3ng k\u00e9m, v\u1ec7t c\u00e1n, g\u1ee3n cam (orange peel) khi d\u1eadp, film d\u1ec5 bong, m\u00e9p cu\u1ed9n n\u1ee9t.<\/p>\n<p>H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3:<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00e1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n: lo\u1ea1i 2 d\u1ec5 g\u1ec9 n\u00e2u, \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m, m\u01b0a axit, g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n (H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh).<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n: d\u1ec5 r\u1ed7 m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, n\u1ee9t n\u00f3ng; v\u00f9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec7t (HAZ) b\u1ecb nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a n\u1ebfu C cao, Cr th\u1ea5p.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u01a1 t\u00ednh \u2013 gia c\u00f4ng: \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u2013 d\u1ebbo kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; u\u1ed1n\/d\u1eadp n\u1ee9t m\u00e9p; bavia nhi\u1ec1u; \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng kh\u00f3 l\u00ean g\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-9-cach-phan-biet-nhanh-tai-xuong-uu-tien-theo-do-t\">9 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nhanh t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng (\u01b0u ti\u00ean theo \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady)<\/h2>\n<h3>Nh\u00f3m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn (khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb)<\/h3>\n<p>1) Ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 \u2013 MTC (EN 10204 3.1):<br \/>\n   &#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu m\u00e1c (304\/201\/316\u2026), th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng (ASTM A240\/EN 10088), heat number tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi d\u1eadp\/\u0111\u00f3ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n2) PMI b\u1eb1ng s\u00fang XRF:<br \/>\n   &#8211; \u0110o nhanh Cr, Ni, Mn, Mo. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ngay 201\/430 \u0111\u1ed9i l\u1ed1t 304; ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u201ct\u1ee5t\u201d Cr\/Ni trong h\u00e0ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. L\u1eadp bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n k\u00e8m \u1ea3nh m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh.<br \/>\n3) \u0110o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u2013 dung sai:<br \/>\n   &#8211; D\u00f9ng panme\/si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111o \u0111a \u0111i\u1ec3m; lo\u1ea1i 2 th\u01b0\u1eddng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e0y m\u1ecfng >\u00b10.05 mm (v\u01b0\u1ee3t T2 c\u1ee7a ASTM\/JIS v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng).<br \/>\n4) Th\u1eed h\u00e0n \u2013 macro ki\u1ec3m tra:<br \/>\n   &#8211; H\u00e0n m\u1eabu WPS d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn; m\u00e0i l\u1ed9 v\u0169ng h\u00e0n ki\u1ec3m tra r\u1ed7\/n\u1ee9t. Lo\u1ea1i 2 d\u1ec5 r\u1ed7 v\u00e0 ch\u00e1y c\u1ea1nh \u1edf c\u00f9ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<h3>Nh\u00f3m g\u1ee3i \u00fd nhanh (kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn)<\/h3>\n<p>5) Nam ch\u00e2m:<br \/>\n   &#8211; 304\/201 austenitic nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat; 430 h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh. Nh\u01b0ng 304 c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i\/h\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i h\u00fat; kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e1c hay ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<br \/>\n6) M\u00e0u \u2013 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng:<br \/>\n   &#8211; 304 chu\u1ea9n m\u00e0u \u201ctr\u1eafng l\u1ea1nh\u201d, \u0111\u1ec1u; 201\/430 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ea3 x\u00e1m, \u201c\u0111\u1ee5c\u201d, v\u1ec7t c\u00e1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng\/m\u1ea1 che m\u1eaft.<br \/>\n7) Tia l\u1eeda khi r\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1:<br \/>\n   &#8211; 430 cho tia v\u00e0ng d\u00e0i, ph\u00e2n ch\u00f9m; 304\/201 tia ng\u1eafn, \u00edt ch\u00f9m. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kinh nghi\u1ec7m, ch\u1ec9 tham kh\u1ea3o.<br \/>\n8) Th\u1eed dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i\/axit nh\u1eb9 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7:<br \/>\n   &#8211; Nh\u1ecf dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i 5% ho\u1eb7c HNO3 lo\u00e3ng tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch d\u1ea7u. 201\/lo\u1ea1i 2 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u1ed1 n\u00e2u nhanh h\u01a1n 304. Lu\u00f4n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9, trung h\u00f2a \u2013 r\u1eeda n\u01b0\u1edbc sau th\u1eed.<br \/>\n9) \u0110o \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t:<br \/>\n   &#8211; Lo\u1ea1i 2 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng do c\u00e1n l\u1ea1i\/bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng. So s\u00e1nh HRB\/HV v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o an to\u00e0n: Kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u00fd d\u00f9ng axit m\u1ea1nh khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u2013 trang b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-dau-hieu-nhan-biet-hang-loai-2tai-che-ngoai-hien-t\">D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1i 2\/t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ngo\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 MTC 3.1 ho\u1eb7c MTC thi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin\/kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp m\u00e3 nhi\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i s\u01a1 s\u00e0i; film b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1ec5 bong, in m\u1edd; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1eadp mark nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, ch\u1ec9 in m\u00e1c chung chung.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa bi\u00ean v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5m; t\u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1eb3ng, \u201cnh\u1ea3y\u201d khi \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean b\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00e9p c\u1eaft x\u00e9, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 kim, v\u1ec7t \u0111en, x\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u \u1ea9n d\u01b0\u1edbi film.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u1ed1i h\u00e0n m\u1eabu s\u1ea1m \u0111en kh\u00f3 t\u1ea9y passivation; xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ec9 tr\u00e0 ngay sau chu k\u1ef3 \u1ea9m \u2013 kh\u00f4 v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-rui-ro-tiem-an-khi-dung-inox-loai-2-tai-che\">R\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n khi d\u00f9ng inox lo\u1ea1i 2 (t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u0102n m\u00f2n s\u1edbm: \u1ed1 n\u00e2u, \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec3m sau v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n \u2013 th\u00e1ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m\/n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eeda c\u00f3 clorua (b\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, khu v\u1ef1c ven bi\u1ec3n).<br \/>\n&#8211; R\u1ee7i ro h\u00e0n: n\u1ee9t n\u00f3ng, r\u1ed7 kh\u00ed; ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng v\u1eadt t\u01b0 (que\/d\u00e2y h\u00e0n, kh\u00ed), t\u0103ng c\u00f4ng t\u1ea9y passivation, \u0111\u1ed9i gi\u1edd c\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n v\u1ec7 sinh: B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft t\u1ef1 do, l\u1eabn t\u1ea1p l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (F&#038;B, d\u01b0\u1ee3c).<br \/>\n&#8211; Chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (LCC) cao: Thay th\u1ebf\/b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh s\u1edbm, m\u1ea5t uy t\u00edn c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, ph\u00e1t sinh ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u2013 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng: Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n \u201c\u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c\/\u0111\u00fang ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u201d, nguy c\u01a1 ph\u1ea1t \u2013 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-khi-nao-co-the-can-nhac-loai-2-tieu-chi-chap-nhan\">Khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc lo\u1ea1i 2? Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc cho h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c trang tr\u00ed trong nh\u00e0, kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\/\u1ea9m m\u1eb7n, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ng\u1eafn.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc: PMI XRF 100% l\u00f4; th\u1eed \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7; h\u00e0n m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u; ghi r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng cho: Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, d\u01b0\u1ee3c, y t\u1ebf; ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi; g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n; b\u1ed3n b\u1ec3, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c; thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec7t \u2013 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-so-sanh-nhanh-inox-loai-1-vs-loai-2-diem-mau-chot\">So s\u00e1nh nhanh: Inox lo\u1ea1i 1 vs lo\u1ea1i 2 (\u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c: Lo\u1ea1i 1 c\u00f3 MTC 3.1; lo\u1ea1i 2 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng\/kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n: Lo\u1ea1i 1 trong d\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n; lo\u1ea1i 2 Cr\/Ni dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ea1p cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u2013 dung sai: Lo\u1ea1i 1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; lo\u1ea1i 2 d\u1ec5 l\u1ed7i c\u00e1n, d\u00e0y m\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n \u2013 \u0103n m\u00f2n: Lo\u1ea1i 1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; lo\u1ea1i 2 r\u1ee7i ro r\u1ed7\/n\u1ee9t, g\u1ec9 nhanh.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed: Lo\u1ea1i 1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u cao h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng LCC th\u1ea5p; lo\u1ea1i 2 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-quy-trinh-mua-hang-an-toan-ap-dung-ngay\">Quy tr\u00ecnh mua h\u00e0ng an to\u00e0n (\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ngay)<\/h2>\n<p>1) Ghi r\u00f5 trong PO:<br \/>\n   &#8211; M\u00e1c, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: AISI 304 theo ASTM A240\/EN 10088), b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (2B\/BA\/No.4), dung sai \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y\/ph\u1eb3ng, xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u MTC EN 10204 3.1.<br \/>\n2) Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u00e8m h\u00e0ng:<br \/>\n   &#8211; MTC 3.1, phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i, nh\u00e3n coil\/t\u1ea5m c\u00f3 heat number; \u1ea3nh d\u1eadp mark tr\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<br \/>\n3) Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o:<br \/>\n   &#8211; PMI XRF l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c 100% v\u1edbi l\u00f4 quan tr\u1ecdng; \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu d\u1eadp mark \u2013 MTC; \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m.<br \/>\n4) Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng:<br \/>\n   &#8211; H\u00e0n m\u1eabu theo WPS; ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sau t\u1ea9y passivation; th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed1m mu\u1ed1i (patch test) trong 48 gi\u1edd.<br \/>\n5) \u0110i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng:<br \/>\n   &#8211; \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i nh\u1eadn n\u1ebfu sai m\u00e1c\/kh\u00f4ng MTC; ph\u1ea1t vi ph\u1ea1m; b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 12\u201324 th\u00e1ng (t\u00f9y h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c).<br \/>\n6) L\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u2013 gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang:<br \/>\n   &#8211; Tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft t\u1eeb d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u00e9p carbon; d\u00f9ng b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i inox; t\u1ea9y passivation theo ASTM A967 khi c\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-tinh-huong-thuc-te-thuong-gap\">T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Lan can ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi t\u1ea1i H\u1ea1 Long d\u00f9ng \u201c304 lo\u1ea1i 2\u201d sau 3\u20136 th\u00e1ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u quanh m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n; ph\u00e2n t\u00edch PMI cho th\u1ea5y Cr ch\u1ec9 ~15.5%, Ni ~5.8% (g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng 201 cao Ni). Kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c: thay \u0111o\u1ea1n, h\u00e0n l\u1ea1i, t\u1ea9y passivation \u2013 t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed >1.8 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi d\u00f9ng 304 chu\u1ea9n ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1eadu r\u1eeda \u201c304\u201d cho b\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 quanh r\u1ed1n x\u1ea3 sau 2 th\u00e1ng; ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng m\u00e9p 0.6 mm trong khi gi\u1eefa 0.8 mm, Mn cao. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: h\u00e0ng re-rolled. Nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i sang 304 2B chu\u1ea9n, b\u1ed5 sung keo b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u2013 tr\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 2 tu\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; D\u00f9ng nam ch\u00e2m c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1eafc 304 v\u1edbi 201\/430 kh\u00f4ng?<br \/>\n  Kh\u00f4ng. Nam ch\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 g\u1ee3i \u00fd. 304 c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i h\u00fat; c\u1ea7n PMI \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o test nhanh 304 v\u00e0 201?<br \/>\n  Moly-drop ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 304\/316; v\u1edbi 201 vs 304 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng th\u1eed mu\u1ed1i\/axit nh\u1eb9 so s\u00e1nh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed1, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 tham kh\u1ea3o. An to\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean.<br \/>\n&#8211; MTC 3.1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u01b0a?<br \/>\n  C\u1ea7n th\u00eam d\u1eadp mark tr\u00f9ng heat number tr\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 PMI x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean\/100% v\u1edbi h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c quan tr\u1ecdng.<br \/>\n&#8211; 201 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u201cx\u1ea5u\u201d kh\u00f4ng?<br \/>\n  201 c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, trang tr\u00ed). V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 g\u1eafn nh\u1ea7m l\u00e0m 304 ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a h\u00e0ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf?<br \/>\n  Kh\u00f4ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 \u201cr\u1ebb b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d so th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ni\/Mo, c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-nguon-tham-khao-chinh\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; ASTM A240\/A240M \u2013 Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip.<br \/>\n&#8211; EN 10088 (Parts 1\u20133) \u2013 Stainless steels.<br \/>\n&#8211; EN 10204 \u2013 Metallic products \u2013 Types of inspection documents (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t 3.1).<br \/>\n&#8211; ASSDA (Australian Stainless Steel Development Association): Grade Selection &#038; 201 vs 304 guidance.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nickel Institute: Guidelines on stainless steel grade selection and corrosion in chlorides.<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu Stainless Steel Handbook.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-11-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u201cInox lo\u1ea1i 1\u201d l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c, \u0111\u00fang ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, c\u00f3 truy xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; \u201clo\u1ea1i 2\/t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf\u201d l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1 c\u1ea5p\/t\u00e1i n\u1ea5u, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u2013 c\u01a1 t\u00ednh \u2013 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, r\u1ee7i ro \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 h\u00e0n cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, \u01b0u ti\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 (MTC 3.1), PMI XRF, \u0111o dung sai, th\u1eed h\u00e0n\/th\u1eed \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7. C\u00e1c m\u1eb9o nh\u01b0 nam ch\u00e2m, quan s\u00e1t m\u00e0u ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh g\u1ee3i \u00fd.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc lo\u1ea1i 2 \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 sau khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m; tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u00e1nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m, clorua, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u2013 y t\u1ebf, ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh mua h\u00e0ng an to\u00e0n gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf r\u1ee7i ro ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m uy t\u00edn c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c, ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh:<br \/>\n&#8211; Hotline: 0343.417.281<br \/>\n&#8211; Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<br \/>\nCh\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n MTC 3.1, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 PMI t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi cho t\u1eebng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t inox lo\u1ea1i 1 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1i 2 (t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf): \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a chu\u1ea9n, kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u2013 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng, 9 c\u00e1ch test nhanh, r\u1ee7i ro \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 checklist mua h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1069,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1921","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1921","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1921"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1921\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1069"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1921"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1921"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1921"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}