{"id":1948,"date":"2026-04-26T00:33:50","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T17:33:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/meo-xu-ly-o-vang-can-canxi-vet-chay-tren-inox-theo-chuan-ky-thuat\/"},"modified":"2026-04-26T00:33:50","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T17:33:50","slug":"meo-xu-ly-o-vang-can-canxi-vet-chay-tren-inox-theo-chuan-ky-thuat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/meo-xu-ly-o-vang-can-canxi-vet-chay-tren-inox-theo-chuan-ky-thuat\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u1eb9o x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng, c\u1eb7n canxi, v\u1ebft ch\u00e1y tr\u00ean inox theo chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-tong-quan-ky-thuat-vi-sao-inox-bi-o-dong-can-va-ch\">T\u1ed5ng quan k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: v\u00ec sao inox b\u1ecb \u1ed1, \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eb7n v\u00e0 ch\u00e1y m\u00e0u?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-nguyen-tac-an-toan-va-thuc-hanh-chung\">Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh chung<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-xu-ly-vet-o-vang-tea-staining-tren-inox\">X\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ebft \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng (tea staining) tr\u00ean inox<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-xu-ly-can-canxi-limescale-tren-inox\">X\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1eb7n canxi (limescale) tr\u00ean inox<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-xu-ly-vet-chay-doi-mau-do-nhiet-tren-inox\">X\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ebft ch\u00e1y, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u do nhi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean inox<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-bao-ve-be-mat-sau-khi-lam-sach-keo-dai-thoi-gian-s\">B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sau khi l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch: k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian \u201cs\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0 m\u1edbi\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-nhung-loi-pho-bien-can-tranh\">Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-checklist-dung-cu-va-hoa-chat-nen-co-tai-xuongbep\">Checklist d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng\/b\u1ebfp<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-nguon-tham-khao-ky-thuat\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t: c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd ba d\u1ea1ng v\u1ebft b\u1ea9n \u201ckh\u00f3 tr\u1ecb\u201d tr\u00ean inox g\u1ed3m \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng (tea staining), c\u1eb7n canxi (limescale) v\u00e0 v\u1ebft ch\u00e1y\/\u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u do nhi\u1ec7t. D\u00f9 inox c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng Cr2O3 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy y\u1ebfu b\u1edfi n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee9ng, mu\u1ed1i clorua, nhi\u1ec7t h\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 ch\u00e1y. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u2013 \u0111\u00fang n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u2013 \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch nhanh, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m x\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c \u201c\u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c\u201d inox. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft cung c\u1ea5p quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t (best practice) cho x\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 b\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho inox 201\/304\/316.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-tong-quan-ky-thuat-vi-sao-inox-bi-o-dong-can-va-ch\">T\u1ed5ng quan k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: v\u00ec sao inox b\u1ecb \u1ed1, \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eb7n v\u00e0 ch\u00e1y m\u00e0u?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng: Inox t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o l\u1edbp oxit Cr m\u1ecfng, b\u1ec1n. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n (b\u1ee5i s\u1eaft, mu\u1ed1i, d\u1ea7u) ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0m l\u1edbp n\u00e0y suy y\u1ebfu, g\u00e2y \u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0 v\u00e0ng (tea staining): Do mu\u1ed1i clorua trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed\/n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ho\u1eb7c \u201cnhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft\u201d t\u1eeb d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u00e9p c\u00e1cbon. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y v\u1ec7t v\u00e0ng-n\u00e2u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n, khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, k\u1ebd h\u1edf \u00edt r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1eb7n canxi: K\u1ebft t\u1ee7a CaCO3\/MgCO3 do n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee9ng (gi\u1ebfng khoan, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao). H\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ee5c, b\u00e1m d\u1ebbo dai quanh v\u00f2i, b\u1ed3n, b\u1ebfp, d\u00e0n trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1ebft ch\u00e1y\/\u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u do nhi\u1ec7t (heat tint): Qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t khi n\u1ea5u\/h\u00e0n t\u1ea1o d\u1ea3i m\u00e0u xanh t\u00edm\u2013v\u00e0ng (t\u0103ng d\u00e0y oxit) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e8m cacbon ch\u00e1y (c\u1eb7n h\u1eefu c\u01a1). C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9\u2013th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd nhanh \u1ed1 l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>Ghi ch\u00fa v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u:<br \/>\n&#8211; 201 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng h\u01a1n 304; 316 b\u1ec1n clorua t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t hairline\/No.4 d\u1ec5 \u201cgi\u1ea5u\u201d x\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t BA\/2B b\u00f3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i c\u00e0ng s\u1ea1ch (\u00edt clorua\/\u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng), nguy c\u01a1 \u1ed1 t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-nguyen-tac-an-toan-va-thuc-hanh-chung\">Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh chung<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Trang b\u1ecb: g\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, k\u00ednh che m\u1eb7t, kh\u1ea9u trang, th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1eed tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng khu\u1ea5t 5\u201310 ph\u00fat tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng mi\u1ebfng ch\u00e0 nylon kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 Scotch-Brite m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng). Tr\u00e1nh b\u00fai s\u1eaft, gi\u1ea5y nh\u00e1m qu\u00e1 th\u00f4 (g\u00e2y x\u01b0\u1edbc, \u201cnhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft\u201d).<br \/>\n&#8211; Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng: HCl\/axit clohydric (axit t\u1ea9y ron), Javel\/NaOCl, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y ch\u1ee9a clorua m\u1ea1nh \u2192 g\u00e2y r\u1ed7 v\u00e0 n\u1ee9t \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac acid v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7; r\u1eeda k\u1ef9 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch; trung h\u00f2a n\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<br \/>\n&#8211; Lau kh\u00f4 theo chi\u1ec1u v\u00e2n (No.4\/hairline) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh v\u1ec7t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edbc ngang v\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-xu-ly-vet-o-vang-tea-staining-tren-inox\">X\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ebft \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng (tea staining) tr\u00ean inox<\/h2>\n<h3>Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nhanh<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; M\u00e0u: v\u00e0ng\u2013n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2u s\u1eabm, loang v\u1ec7t theo n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c quanh m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1 (kh\u00e1c g\u1ec9 th\u00e9p), nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e8m \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<h3>Quy tr\u00ecnh theo c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9<\/h3>\n<p>1) M\u1ee9c nh\u1eb9 \u2013 v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<br \/>\n&#8211; Dung d\u1ecbch: x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng trung t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda pH 6\u20138.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m: phun\/nh\u00fang, ch\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng kh\u0103n microfiber\/mi\u1ebfng nylon m\u1ec1m theo chi\u1ec1u v\u00e2n. R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, lau kh\u00f4.<\/p>\n<p>2) M\u1ee9c v\u1eeba \u2013 \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng b\u00e1m dai\/nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft nh\u1eb9<br \/>\n&#8211; Dung d\u1ecbch axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Citric 5\u201310% (h\u00f2a 50\u2013100 g b\u1ed9t axit citric trong 1 L n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea5m \u0103n 5\u201310% axit axetic.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m: th\u1ea5m dung d\u1ecbch l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t 10\u201315 ph\u00fat, ch\u00e0 nh\u1eb9 b\u1eb1ng nylon pad, r\u1eeda k\u1ef9 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch, lau kh\u00f4.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u1eb9o: gel citric\/phosphoric th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9ng gi\u00fap th\u1eddi gian b\u00e1m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>3) M\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng \u2013 \u1ed1 r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\/m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n c\u0169<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 inox chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng g\u1ed1c axit photphoric\/citric c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian (th\u01b0\u1eddng 5\u201320 ph\u00fat).<br \/>\n&#8211; Sau khi s\u1ea1ch, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u201ct\u00e1i th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Passivation theo ASTM A967: dung d\u1ecbch citric 4\u201310% (pH ~1.8\u20132.2) 20\u201330 ph\u00fat, ho\u1eb7c HNO3 20\u201330% (\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong x\u01b0\u1edfng, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t an to\u00e0n). R\u1eeda c\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 v\u00e0 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4.<\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n:<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e2n tr\u00ean No.4\/hairline; n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh x\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u00f9ng gi\u1ea5y m\u00e0i\/nh\u00e1m x\u01a1 s\u1ee3i h\u1ea1t 320\u2013600 c\u00f9ng chi\u1ec1u v\u00e2n, sau \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u1ebfu nghi ng\u1edd \u1ed1 do nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft t\u1eeb d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u00e9p, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc t\u1ea9y v\u1edbi chelating\/acid nh\u1eb9 r\u1ed3i passivate \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-xu-ly-can-canxi-limescale-tren-inox\">X\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1eb7n canxi (limescale) tr\u00ean inox<\/h2>\n<h3>Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; M\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ee5c, s\u1ea7n nh\u1eb9; ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng s\u1ee7i b\u1ecdt khi nh\u1ecf acid lo\u00e3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t CaCO3\/MgCO3 \u2192 tan trong acid h\u1eefu c\u01a1\/photphoric.<\/p>\n<h3>Quy tr\u00ecnh chi ti\u1ebft<\/h3>\n<p>1) T\u1ea9y c\u1eb7n m\u1ee9c nh\u1eb9\u2013v\u1eeba<br \/>\n&#8211; Dung d\u1ecbch: citric 5\u201310% ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea5m 5\u201310% ho\u1eb7c axit photphoric 10\u201315% (\u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf).<br \/>\n&#8211; Thi c\u00f4ng: l\u00e0m \u01b0\u1edbt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, \u0111\u1eafp kh\u0103n\/t\u1ea5m b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5m dung d\u1ecbch 10\u201330 ph\u00fat. Ch\u00e0 nylon pad, r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, lau kh\u00f4.<\/p>\n<p>2) C\u1eb7n d\u00e0y\/l\u00e2u n\u0103m, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9ng<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng gel t\u1ea9y c\u1eb7n g\u1ed1c photphoric\/citric. \u0110\u1eafp gel 20\u201340 ph\u00fat, ch\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, r\u1eeda \u00e1p l\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i 1\u20132 chu k\u1ef3 n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n. Tr\u00e1nh th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac qu\u00e1 60 ph\u00fat\/l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u201cm\u1edd\u201d b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00f3ng BA.<\/p>\n<p>3) Trung h\u00f2a v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u1ebfu dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn trung h\u00f2a: lau l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m nh\u1eb9 (1\u20132% NaHCO3\/baking soda), r\u1eeda k\u1ef9, lau kh\u00f4 tr\u00e1nh v\u1ec7t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p>Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng:<br \/>\n&#8211; R\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ec1m\/DI n\u1ebfu c\u00f3. \u1ede khu v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee9ng, l\u1eafp c\u1ed9t l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m (ion-exchange) ho\u1eb7c RO cho d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n r\u1eeda\/b\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u00e1i b\u00e1m.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t\/\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng: tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n dung d\u1ecbch citric 5\u201310% \u1edf 40\u201350\u00b0C 30\u201360 ph\u00fat, theo d\u00f5i pH\/\u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn; x\u1ea3, trung h\u00f2a, r\u1eeda \u0111\u1ebfn pH ~7.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-xu-ly-vet-chay-doi-mau-do-nhiet-tren-inox\">X\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ebft ch\u00e1y, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u do nhi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean inox<\/h2>\n<p>V\u1ebft \u201cch\u00e1y\u201d c\u00f3 hai d\u1ea1ng ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau:<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1eb7n ch\u00e1y h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1, th\u1ee9c \u0103n polymer h\u00f3a): \u0111en\/n\u00e2u, nh\u00e1m, b\u00e1m d\u00e0y.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u00e1y m\u00e0u\/heat tint (xanh t\u00edm\u2013v\u00e0ng c\u1ea7u v\u1ed3ng) do l\u1edbp oxit d\u00e0y l\u00ean (n\u1ea5u qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t, sau h\u00e0n).<\/p>\n<h3>A. C\u1eb7n ch\u00e1y h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (n\u1ed3i\/ch\u1ea3o, b\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; B\u01b0\u1edbc 1 \u2013 T\u1ea9y d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1: d\u00f9ng ki\u1ec1m nh\u1eb9 (0.5\u20133% NaOH trong ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y b\u1ebfp chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng) ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eeda ch\u00e9n \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c; ng\u00e2m 10\u201320 ph\u00fat, c\u1ea1o m\u1ec1m b\u1eb1ng spatula nh\u1ef1a.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u01b0\u1edbc 2 \u2013 H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc: d\u00f9ng b\u1ed9t baking soda + n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o s\u1ec7t, ch\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng nylon pad. L\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ebft l\u1edbp cacbon.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u01b0\u1edbc 3 \u2013 Kh\u1eed \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i: ng\u00e2m\/\u0111\u1eafp citric 5\u201310% ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea5m 5\u201310% trong 10\u201320 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, lau kh\u00f4. Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng b\u00fai s\u1eaft\/dao c\u1ea1o th\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft.<\/p>\n<h3>B. Ch\u00e1y m\u00e0u do qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 sau h\u00e0n (heat tint)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 gia d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Dung d\u1ecbch: axit oxalic 5\u201310% ho\u1eb7c citric 5\u201310% (oxalic hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao v\u1edbi d\u1ea3i m\u00e0u c\u1ea7u v\u1ed3ng).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Th\u1eddi gian: 10\u201320 ph\u00fat; ch\u00e0 nh\u1eb9; r\u1eeda k\u1ef9, trung h\u00f2a theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u\/\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u01b0u ti\u00ean: t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9\u2013t\u00e1i th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a (electrolytic weld cleaning) ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng gel\/paste t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng do th\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; L\u01b0u \u00fd an to\u00e0n: paste t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 h\u00e0n th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a HNO3 + HF, b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c PPE \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, che ch\u1eafn khu v\u1ef1c, x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n. Ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Sau t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n passivation theo ASTM A967 (citric 4\u201310% ho\u1eb7c HNO3 20\u201330%, 20\u201330 ph\u00fat), r\u1eeda th\u1eadt k\u1ef9, s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc khi c\u1ea7n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u00f9ng \u0111ai m\u00e0i\/b\u00e1nh n\u1ec9 h\u1ea1t 320\u2013600 theo chi\u1ec1u v\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ee5i m\u00e0i v\u00e0 passivate.<\/p>\n<p>D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n can thi\u1ec7p s\u1edbm:<br \/>\n&#8211; Heat tint \u0111\u1eadm xanh t\u00edm quanh m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n k\u00e8m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec3m; n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2u trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua, r\u1ed7 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n nhanh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-bao-ve-be-mat-sau-khi-lam-sach-keo-dai-thoi-gian-s\">B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sau khi l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch: k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian \u201cs\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0 m\u1edbi\u201d<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Passivation h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc (citric\/Nitric) theo ASTM A967 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1edbp Cr2O3.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7: ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 inox kh\u00f4ng silicon ho\u1eb7c s\u00e1p\/canuba, nano coating chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m b\u00e1m n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u v\u00e2n tay. B\u00f4i m\u1ecfng, lau kh\u00f4 b\u00f3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Khu v\u1ef1c ven bi\u1ec3n\/khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: r\u1eeda n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch 1\u20134 tu\u1ea7n\/l\u1ea7n, lau kh\u00f4.<br \/>\n  &#8211; B\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: t\u1ea9y d\u1ea7u h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, t\u1ea9y c\u1eb7n h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t khi n\u1ea5u\/h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf\/thi c\u00f4ng: tr\u00e1nh khe h\u1edf gi\u1eef mu\u1ed1i\/n\u01b0\u1edbc; ch\u1ecdn 316 cho khu v\u1ef1c phun s\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1i; ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n No.4\/hairline ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf tea staining h\u01a1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t g\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-nhung-loi-pho-bien-can-tranh\">Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; D\u00f9ng axit clohydric, Javel ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y c\u00f3 clorua m\u1ea1nh.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng b\u00fai s\u1eaft\/gi\u1ea5y nh\u00e1m th\u00f4, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u201cm\u1ea7m\u201d nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng r\u1eeda k\u1ef9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng lau kh\u00f4 sau khi d\u00f9ng acid \u2192 \u1ed1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i nhanh.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e2n tr\u00ean hairline\/No.4 l\u00e0m l\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u1edbc \u201cm\u1eaft c\u00e1o\u201d.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc si\u00eau c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i khi\u1ebfn v\u1ec7t tr\u1eafng t\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t sau khi kh\u00f4.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-checklist-dung-cu-va-hoa-chat-nen-co-tai-xuongbep\">Checklist d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng\/b\u1ebfp<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u0103n microfiber, mi\u1ebfng ch\u00e0 nylon tr\u1eafng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda pH trung t\u00ednh, ki\u1ec1m nh\u1eb9 cho d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1.<br \/>\n&#8211; Axit citric d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t; gi\u1ea5m 5\u201310%; gel t\u1ea9y c\u1eb7n g\u1ed1c photphoric\/citric.<br \/>\n&#8211; Dung d\u1ecbch\/passivation citric theo ASTM A967 ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 passivation.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u00ecnh x\u1ecbt, c\u1ecd nylon m\u1ec1m, b\u0103ng keo che ch\u1eafn, khay nh\u1ef1a ch\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n&#8211; PPE: g\u0103ng, k\u00ednh, kh\u1ea9u trang; dung d\u1ecbch trung h\u00f2a (NaHCO3 1\u20132%).<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ec1m\/DI n\u1ebfu c\u00f3).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng chanh\/gi\u1ea5m thay h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng? C\u00f3, v\u1edbi \u1ed1 nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 c\u1eb7n m\u1ecfng. V\u1edbi v\u1ebft n\u1eb7ng, n\u00ean d\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00ec sao \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0ng \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng quay l\u1ea1i? Do mu\u1ed1i clorua, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng passivate ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng lau kh\u00f4. C\u1ea7n r\u1eeda \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00f3 n\u00ean d\u00f9ng WD-40\/d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9? Kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m; n\u00ean d\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 inox ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-nguon-tham-khao-ky-thuat\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; ASTM A380 \u2013 Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts.<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM A967 \u2013 Chemical Passivation Treatments for Stainless Steel Parts.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nickel Institute: Care and Cleaning of Stainless Steel (Publication 11 024).<br \/>\n&#8211; British Stainless Steel Association (BSSA): Cleaning Stainless Steel.<br \/>\n&#8211; Specialty Steel Industry of North America (SSINA): Care and Maintenance of Stainless Steel.<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<br \/>\nM\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i v\u1ebft b\u1ea9n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean inox \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u201c\u0111\u00fang thu\u1ed1c\u201d:<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0 v\u00e0ng: acid h\u1eefu c\u01a1 nh\u1eb9 + passivation \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eeba t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1eb7n canxi: dung d\u1ecbch citric\/photphoric, \u01b0u ti\u00ean d\u1ea1ng gel cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9ng, r\u1eeda v\u00e0 lau kh\u00f4 k\u1ef9.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1ebft ch\u00e1y: t\u00e1ch b\u1ea1ch gi\u1eefa c\u1eb7n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (t\u1ea9y ki\u1ec1m + c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc) v\u00e0 ch\u00e1y m\u00e0u (acid\/ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9\u2013passivation sau h\u00e0n).<br \/>\nTh\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1eadt t\u01b0 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t r\u1eeda\u2013s\u1ea5y s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t inox nhanh, s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n, gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u00ean gia h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<br \/>\nHotline: 0343.417.281<br \/>\nEmail: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng, c\u1eb7n canxi, v\u1ebft ch\u00e1y tr\u00ean inox 201\/304\/316: quy tr\u00ecnh, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n, ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng t\u00e1i b\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1052,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1948","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1948","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1948"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1948\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1052"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1948"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1948"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1948"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}