{"id":1970,"date":"2026-05-02T00:33:46","date_gmt":"2026-05-01T17:33:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/quy-trinh-tai-che-inox-va-ly-do-thep-khong-gi-tai-che-100-ben-vung\/"},"modified":"2026-05-02T00:33:46","modified_gmt":"2026-05-01T17:33:46","slug":"quy-trinh-tai-che-inox-va-ly-do-thep-khong-gi-tai-che-100-ben-vung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/quy-trinh-tai-che-inox-va-ly-do-thep-khong-gi-tai-che-100-ben-vung\/","title":{"rendered":"Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf inox v\u00e0 l\u00fd do th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf 100% b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-vi-sao-thep-khong-gi-co-the-tai-che-100\">V\u00ec sao th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf 100%<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-nguon-phe-inox-va-cach-phan-loai-thuc-te\">Ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ebf inox v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-quy-trinh-tai-che-inox-tung-buoc-tu-bai-phe-den-cu\">Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf inox: t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eeb b\u00e3i ph\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9n\/t\u1ea5m m\u1edbi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-loi-ich-moi-truong-va-nang-luong-khi-tai-che-inox\">L\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf inox<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-thuc-hanh-tot-cho-xuong-va-nha-thau-tai-viet-nam\">Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t cho x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-gioi-han-va-thach-thuc-ky-thuat-trong-tai-che-inox\">Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf inox<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-ket-luan-inox-vat-lieu-vong-tron-voi-quy-trinh-tai\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Inox \u2013 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Inox (th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng nh\u1edd v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u00e0i, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf 100%. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf inox hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u00ec sao th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i n\u1ea5u \u2013 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u201cxu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p\u201d ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-vi-sao-thep-khong-gi-co-the-tai-che-100\">V\u00ec sao th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf 100%<\/h2>\n<h3>B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p kim cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1i n\u1ea5u v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Inox l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim s\u1eaft ch\u1ee9a cr\u00f4m (\u226510,5% Cr) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 niken, molypden, mangan\u2026 C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y khi n\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i; ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c. Do \u0111\u00f3, inox c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u01a1\u2013l\u00fd\u2013h\u00f3a n\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h3>Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ee3p kim th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y thu h\u1ed3i cao<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cr, Ni, Mo c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 thu gom v\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. Theo Nickel Institute, h\u01a1n 80% th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u1edf cu\u1ed1i v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i luy\u1ec7n kim; s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m inox m\u1edbi trung b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a kho\u1ea3ng 60% ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf (t\u00f9y v\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1c th\u00e9p). Ngu\u1ed3n: Nickel Institute; ISSF.<\/p>\n<h3>Kh\u00f4ng \u201cdowncycling\u201d n\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, inox kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u1ea1 c\u1ea5p sau m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n th\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quang ph\u1ed5 (XRF\/OES), tinh luy\u1ec7n AOD\/VOD \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (ASTM\/EN). Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng, thi\u1ebfc, ch\u00ec, k\u1ebdm\u2026 nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-nguon-phe-inox-va-cach-phan-loai-thuc-te\">Ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ebf inox v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<h3>Ba d\u00f2ng ph\u1ebf ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Ph\u1ebf n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 (home scrap): ph\u00e1t sinh ngay trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00e1n\/\u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh; s\u1ea1ch, quay v\u00f2ng nhanh.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (prompt\/industrial scrap): v\u1ee5n ph\u00f4i, m\u00e9p c\u1eaft t\u1eeb x\u01b0\u1edfng gia c\u00f4ng, OEM.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u1ebf cu\u1ed1i v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (obsolete scrap): thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u1ed1ng, b\u1ed3n, \u0111\u1ed3 gia d\u1ee5ng, c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n th\u00e1o d\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<h3>Nh\u00f3m m\u00e1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea5u nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Series 300 (austenitic \u2013 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 304, 316): kh\u00f4ng\/\u00edt nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb; ch\u1ee9a Ni; ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; Series 400 (ferritic\/martensitic \u2013 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 430, 410): nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c \u00edt Ni.<br \/>\n&#8211; Series 200 (austenitic thay m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n Ni b\u1eb1ng Mn\/N): t\u00ednh n\u0103ng gi\u1eefa 201\/202 v\u00e0 304.<br \/>\nCh\u1ec9 d\u1ea5u nhanh t\u1ea1i b\u00e3i ph\u1ebf: nam ch\u00e2m (\u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch 400-series), m\u00e0u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sau m\u00e0i, t\u1ec9 tr\u1ecdng; x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng s\u00fang XRF\/OES \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc %Cr\/%Ni\/%Mo v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh m\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-quy-trinh-tai-che-inox-tung-buoc-tu-bai-phe-den-cu\">Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf inox: t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eeb b\u00e3i ph\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9n\/t\u1ea5m m\u1edbi<\/h2>\n<h3>1) Thu gom, ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 l\u01b0u kho<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Thu gom theo l\u00f4, ghi nh\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.<br \/>\n&#8211; Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u1eadt c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh, \u00e1p l\u1ef1c (b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a k\u00edn), v\u1eadt d\u1ec5 n\u1ed5; th\u00e1o b\u1ecf phi kim l\u1edbn (nh\u1ef1a, g\u1ed7, cao su).<\/p>\n<h3>2) Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng m\u00e1c<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; D\u00f9ng nam ch\u00e2m t\u00e1ch 400-series kh\u1ecfi 300-series.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng XRF\/OES c\u1ea7m tay \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e9t nhanh l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng, \u0111o Cr\/Ni\/Mo\/Mn\/Cu, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p kim l\u1eabn.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u00e2n h\u1ea1ng theo nh\u00f3m m\u00e1c (304, 316, 430, 201\/202) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ph\u1ed1i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3>3) Ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc: c\u1eaft, ch\u1eb7t, \u00e9p ki\u1ec7n, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; C\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y c\u1eaft th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, c\u01b0a b\u0103ng, plasma; \u00e9p ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u logistics v\u00e0 n\u1ea1p l\u00f2.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m: t\u00e1ch d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1, s\u01a1n, cao su, ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t, b\u1ee5i m\u00e0i; lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u d\u1ec5 bay h\u01a1i (Zn) ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ed3ng\/thau n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong ph\u1ed1i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h3>4) N\u1ea5u luy\u1ec7n trong l\u00f2 h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n (EAF)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; N\u1ea1p ph\u1ed1i li\u1ec7u: ph\u1ebf inox ph\u00e2n h\u1ea1ng + c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung s\u1eaft x\u1ed1p (DRI\/HBI) + ferrochrome (FeCr), ferronickel (FeNi) ho\u1eb7c niken \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, ferromolybdenum (FeMo) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9nh m\u00e1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y b\u1eb1ng EAF, kh\u1eed x\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t; t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u00f9 trong ph\u1ed1i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h3>5) Tinh luy\u1ec7n AOD\/VOD v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; AOD (Argon Oxygen Decarburization): th\u1ed5i O2\/Ar \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed C m\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf oxi h\u00f3a Cr; \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh S, P.<br \/>\n&#8211; VOD (Vacuum Oxygen Decarburization) khi c\u1ea7n cacbon si\u00eau th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00ed h\u00f2a tan.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ebb n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y b\u1eb1ng l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu quang ph\u1ed5 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u00fang \u201cc\u1eeda s\u1ed5\u201d m\u00e1c (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ASTM A240\/EN 10088).<\/p>\n<h3>6) \u0110\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u00e1i c\u00e1n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u00fac li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh ph\u00f4i t\u1ea5m (slab) ho\u1eb7c th\u1ecfi; c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng; \u1ee7 \u2013 t\u1ea9y (annealing &#038; pickling) \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c austenit\/ferrit v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch oxit; c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y\/b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u01a1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u nguy\u00ean sinh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-loi-ich-moi-truong-va-nang-luong-khi-tai-che-inox\">L\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf inox<\/h2>\n<h3>Gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO2 v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Tuy\u1ebfn EAF d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi tuy\u1ebfn l\u00f2 cao\u2013luy\u1ec7n th\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. World Steel Association ghi nh\u1eadn EAF n\u00f3i chung c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 60\u201370% so v\u1edbi BF\u2013BOF (ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n). V\u1edbi inox, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ebf cao l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh nhu c\u1ea7u khai th\u00e1c qu\u1eb7ng cromit\/niken v\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n ferroalloy, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m CO2 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi. Ngu\u1ed3n: worldsteel; ISSF.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean Cr, Ni, Mo<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; M\u1ed7i t\u1ea5n ph\u1ebf inox t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng Cr\/Ni\/Mo nguy\u00ean sinh, tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc khai kho\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n nguy\u00ean n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh xanh<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf 100% c\u1ee7a inox h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ghi \u0111i\u1ec3m trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng LEED\/LOTUS \u1edf h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, LCA\/EPD v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho th\u00e1o d\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-thuc-hanh-tot-cho-xuong-va-nha-thau-tai-viet-nam\">Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t cho x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<h3>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ebf<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; T\u00e1ch ri\u00eang 304, 316, 430, 201\/202 ngay t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng; d\u00f9ng tem nh\u00e3n\/th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a ri\u00eang.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh l\u1eabn kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u (\u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u00f4m, k\u1ebdm) v\u00e0 th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm; ch\u00fang g\u00e2y t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u1eef ph\u1ebf kh\u00f4, s\u1ea1ch d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1; che m\u01b0a n\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0103n m\u00f2n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u1ea9m khi n\u1ea1p l\u00f2.<\/p>\n<h3>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00e1o b\u1ecf c\u00e1c khoang k\u00edn, b\u00ecnh \u00e1p l\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh n\u1ed5.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u01b0u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ph\u1ebf; n\u1ebfu nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ebf s\u1eaft th\u00e9p (bao g\u1ed3m inox), tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 QCVN 31:2018\/BTNMT v\u1ec1 quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<h3>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u01afu ti\u00ean bul\u00f4ng\/\u0111inh t\u00e1n inox thay v\u00ec h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00e1o l\u1eafp, gi\u00fap t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi khi th\u00e1o d\u1ee1.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ghi nh\u00e3n m\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u\/b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1edbn.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u01a1n\/ph\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft; n\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee7, ch\u1ecdn l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 d\u1ec5 t\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-gioi-han-va-thach-thuc-ky-thuat-trong-tai-che-inox\">Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf inox<\/h2>\n<h3>T\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 v\u1ebft<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed3ng (Cu), thi\u1ebfc (Sn), ch\u00ec (Pb) l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng\/n\u00f3ng gi\u00f2n; k\u1ebdm (Zn) bay h\u01a1i g\u00e2y kh\u00f3i k\u1ebdm. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, pha lo\u00e3ng trong ph\u1ed1i li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 tinh luy\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h3>\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m phi kim<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Cao su, nh\u1ef1a, d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng ti\u00eau hao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng khi n\u1ea1p l\u00f2. C\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<h3>Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Gi\u00e1 ph\u1ebf inox bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo niken\/crom. Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb t\u1ed3n kho, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed1t gi\u00fap \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh chi ph\u00ed n\u1ea5u luy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 304 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201cbi\u1ebfn\u201d th\u00e0nh 316 khi t\u00e1i n\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ed5 sung h\u1ee3p kim molypden (FeMo) v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong AOD\/VOD.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox c\u00f3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n? V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, mi\u1ec5n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00e1c theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<br \/>\n&#8211; 300-series c\u00f3 h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng? V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng (austenitic), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb sau gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i cao; 400-series nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb r\u00f5, h\u1eefu \u00edch cho ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kim lo\u1ea1i khi n\u1ea5u luy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau? Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2\/x\u1ec9\/quy tr\u00ecnh; th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf m\u1ee9c v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh trong ph\u1ed1i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-ket-luan-inox-vat-lieu-vong-tron-voi-quy-trinh-tai\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Inox \u2013 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh<\/h2>\n<p>Inox l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf 100% nh\u1edd b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p kim v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tinh luy\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf g\u1ed3m ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd, n\u1ea5u EAF v\u00e0 tinh luy\u1ec7n AOD\/VOD \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf inox gi\u00fap:<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO2 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 so v\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u nguy\u00ean sinh.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c (Cr, Ni, Mo).<br \/>\n&#8211; Gia t\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh xanh v\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, an to\u00e0n\u2013tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c, ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u hay t\u1ed1i \u01b0u thu h\u1ed3i ph\u1ebf? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox Cuong Thinh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<br \/>\nHotline: 0343.417.281<br \/>\nEmail: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o:<br \/>\n&#8211; International Stainless Steel Forum (ISSF), Recycling of Stainless Steel; Stainless Steel and CO2 \u2013 https:\/\/www.worldstainless.org<br \/>\n&#8211; Nickel Institute, Stainless Steel Recycling and Sustainability \u2013 https:\/\/nickelinstitute.org<br \/>\n&#8211; World Steel Association, Fact sheet: Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) steelmaking and CO2 \u2013 https:\/\/worldsteel.org<br \/>\n&#8211; QCVN 31:2018\/BTNMT \u2013 Quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (B\u1ed9 TN&#038;MT)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec3u quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf inox t\u1eeb ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, n\u1ea5u luy\u1ec7n EAF\u2013AOD \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1i c\u00e1n, v\u00e0 v\u00ec sao th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf 100% m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1041,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1970","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1970","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1970"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1970\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1041"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1970"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1970"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1970"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}