{"id":1991,"date":"2026-05-07T12:34:21","date_gmt":"2026-05-07T05:34:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cam-nang-nen-tang-inox-kien-thuc-cot-loi-cho-ky-su-nha-thau-va-chu-xuong\/"},"modified":"2026-05-07T12:34:21","modified_gmt":"2026-05-07T05:34:21","slug":"cam-nang-nen-tang-inox-kien-thuc-cot-loi-cho-ky-su-nha-thau-va-chu-xuong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cam-nang-nen-tang-inox-kien-thuc-cot-loi-cho-ky-su-nha-thau-va-chu-xuong\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u1ea9m nang n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng Inox: Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i cho k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 x\u01b0\u1edfng"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-bat-dau-dung-ve-thep-khong-gi-nen-tang-vung-cho-mo\">B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9: n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng cho m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-thep-khong-gi-la-gi-va-vi-sao-quan-trong\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 v\u00ec sao quan tr\u1ecdng?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-nhung-khia-canh-cot-loi-can-nam\">Nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-doc-sau-theo-chu-de-lien-quan\">\u0110\u1ecdc s\u00e2u theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-ung-dung-thuc-te-va-tu-van-chuyen-gia\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chuy\u00ean gia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-ket-luan-nam-nen-tang-de-toi-uu-chi-phi-vong-doi\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: N\u1eafm n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-bat-dau-dung-ve-thep-khong-gi-nen-tang-vung-cho-mo\">B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9: n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng cho m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/h2>\n<p>Trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 thi c\u00f4ng, sai m\u1ed9t m\u00e1c inox c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9i chi ph\u00ed, h\u1ecfng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p s\u1edbm. Nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 x\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng inox H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u 201\/304\/316\/430, c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t No.1\/2B\/BA\/HL, hay nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201ch\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3\u201d. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n n\u1eafm b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110i k\u00e8m l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201c\u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e2u\u201d cho t\u1eebng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n tra c\u1ee9u khi c\u1ea7n. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau: sau 10 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ecdc, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c, \u0111\u00fang b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro \u0103n m\u00f2n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t mua chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u2013 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-thep-khong-gi-la-gi-va-vi-sao-quan-trong\">Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 v\u00ec sao quan tr\u1ecdng?<\/h2>\n<p>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 (inox) l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim s\u1eaft ch\u1ee9a t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u kho\u1ea3ng 10,5% crom (Cr) c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 niken (Ni), molypden (Mo), mangan (Mn)\u2026, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng oxit crom th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng si\u00eau m\u1ecfng t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Nh\u1edd l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng n\u00e0y, inox c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p carbon th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo, v\u00e0 t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 cao.<\/p>\n<p>Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, inox l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u201ct\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p\u201d cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m, nhi\u1ec5m clorua nh\u1eb9, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec7 sinh ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean r\u1eeda: nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, lan can, thang m\u00e1y, b\u1ed3n b\u1ec3, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi. \u1ede th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00e1c m\u00e1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed3m 201, 304, 316 (d\u1ea1ng austenitic) v\u00e0 430 (d\u1ea1ng ferritic), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung \u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n, \u1ed1ng\/h\u1ed9p, c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eb7c, v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t No.1, 2B, BA, HL, No.4 t\u00f9y \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u0111\u1eb9p b\u1ec1n l\u00e2u.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-nhung-khia-canh-cot-loi-can-nam\">Nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm<\/h2>\n<h3>1) Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u00e1c th\u00e9p<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 304: C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng Cr-Ni, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 t\u1ed1t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb\/\u1ea9m, d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0n. D\u00f9ng cho n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, c\u01a1 kh\u00ed d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316: B\u1ed5 sung Mo, ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 pitting t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua (ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n).<br \/>\n&#8211; 201: Gi\u1ea3m Ni, t\u0103ng Mn\/N, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 k\u00e9m 304 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t; ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, trang tr\u00ed trong nh\u00e0.<br \/>\n&#8211; 430: Ferritic, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a Ni, t\u1eeb t\u00ednh; ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng, \u1ed1p trang tr\u00ed trong nh\u00e0; ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 k\u00e9m austenitic.<br \/>\nCh\u1ecdn m\u00e1c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gia c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<h3>2) C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/h3>\n<p>L\u1edbp m\u00e0ng oxit crom (th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng) d\u00e0y v\u00e0i nanomet t\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh khi c\u00f3 oxy. \u0102n m\u00f2n x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u00e0ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 b\u1edfi clorua, khe h\u1edf, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t t\u0103ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h3>3) T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>Inox austenitic c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo cao, h\u00f3a b\u1ec1n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng m\u1ea1nh (c\u1eaft, d\u1eadp c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 dao c\u1ee5); d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p, gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t cao h\u01a1n th\u00e9p carbon (\u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng khe h\u1edf l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p, h\u00e0n). N\u1eafm Rm\/Re\/\u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i theo ASTM\/JIS \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h3>4) T\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi kim<\/h3>\n<p>Austenitic (304\/316) th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ee7; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb sau c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i\/h\u00e0n. Ferritic (430) v\u00e0 martensitic (410\/420) h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. T\u1eeb t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cph\u00e1n\u201d th\u1eadt\/gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<h3>5) Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/h3>\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eefa AISI\/ASTM\/JIS\/SUS \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c, dung sai, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (No.1 c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng; 2B c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i m\u1ecbn; BA b\u00f3ng; HL ch\u1ea3i x\u01b0\u1edbc). Lu\u00f4n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u CO\/CQ, s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t (heat no.), v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra PMI khi c\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-doc-sau-theo-chu-de-lien-quan\">\u0110\u1ecdc s\u00e2u theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a inox l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t minh \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00ec sao m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00e1c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y nay.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_1 --><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a inox, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng \u201cchi\u1ebfc khi\u00ean v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh\u201d \u2013 l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng crom th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng: c\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, khi n\u00e0o d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau h\u00e0n\/c\u1eaft.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_2 --><\/p>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi v\u1eabn b\u0103n kho\u0103n: inox kh\u00e1c g\u00ec th\u00e9p carbon ngo\u00e0i chuy\u1ec7n \u201c\u00edt g\u1ec9 h\u01a1n\u201d? So s\u00e1nh t\u1eebng ti\u00eau ch\u00ed s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ngay t\u1eeb b\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_3 --><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201cv\u00ec sao c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m, c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng\u201d th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn sai m\u00e1c. L\u00e0m r\u00f5 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb t\u00ednh theo vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u1ebd ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_4 --><\/p>\n<p>Ba h\u1ecd inox ch\u00ednh \u2013 austenitic, ferritic, martensitic \u2013 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nhanh t\u1eebng h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_5 --><\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn: inox kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd r\u1ec9, 201 \u201ct\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d 304, hay \u201cc\u1ee9 h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng k\u00e9m\u201d. G\u1ee1 b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_6 --><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u SUS, AISI, ASTM, JIS \u0111\u00f4i khi b\u1ecb d\u00f9ng l\u1eabn. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang vai tr\u00f2 t\u1eebng h\u1ec7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd, \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu CO\/CQ v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_7 --><\/p>\n<p>N\u1eafm c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u2013 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo, gi\u00e3n n\u1edf, ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u2013 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, khe gi\u00e3n n\u1edf, v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, tr\u00e1nh bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c n\u1ee9t.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_8 --><\/p>\n<p>T\u1eeb qu\u1eb7ng s\u1eaft, niken t\u1edbi t\u1ea5m\/\u1ed1ng inox b\u00f3ng \u0111\u1eb9p l\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n EAF\u2013AOD\u2013\u0111\u00fac\u2013c\u00e1n\u2013\u1ee7 t\u1ea9y\u2013ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n. Hi\u1ec3u quy tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao c\u00f3 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_9 --><\/p>\n<p>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Inox c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf cao v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd d\u00e0i \u2013 nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<br \/>\n<!-- CLUSTER_PLACEHOLDER_10 --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-ung-dung-thuc-te-va-tu-van-chuyen-gia\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chuy\u00ean gia<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; G\u1ee3i \u00fd ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Trong nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4, trang tr\u00ed: 201\/430 (\u01b0u ti\u00ean 430 n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb t\u00ednh).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0: 304 v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t 2B\/HL; thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m m\u1eb7n: 316, \u01b0u ti\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ecbn (BA\/2B) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u1eef mu\u1ed1i; v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t theo c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng:<br \/>\n  &#8211; K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (b\u1ed3n b\u1ec3, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u): No.1\/2B.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t: BA\/HL\/No.4, ph\u1ee7 film PVC ch\u1ed1ng x\u01b0\u1edbc khi gia c\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi mua h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u CO\/CQ, s\u1ed1 heat; \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu m\u00e1c theo ASTM\/JIS.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y th\u1ef1c, dung sai, ph\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng; test PMI n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c quan tr\u1ecdng.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1ea7u\/oxy h\u00f3a; v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng\/h\u1ed9p, soi m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u bead.<br \/>\n&#8211; Mini case: Lan can chung c\u01b0 c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3n 2 km<br \/>\n  &#8211; L\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p: ch\u1ecdn 304 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t HL nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u2192 r\u1ed7 pitting s\u1edbm.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb: d\u00f9ng 316 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ecbn 2B\/BA, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1ec7 sinh theo qu\u00fd, d\u00f9ng fastener 316 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh:<br \/>\n1) Ch\u1ecdn 201 thay cho 304\/316 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 clorua\/\u1ea9m cao \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<br \/>\n2) D\u00f9ng \u201ch\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m\u201d l\u00e0m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed duy nh\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t m\u00e1c.<br \/>\n3) B\u1ecf qua thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc\/khe gi\u00e3n n\u1edf, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ed1 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, r\u1ed7 khe.<br \/>\n4) H\u00e0n xong kh\u00f4ng pickling\u2013passivation, \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebft ch\u00e1y v\u00e0ng, gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9.<br \/>\n5) \u0110\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9 theo \u201cAISI 304\u201d m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00eau ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\/dung sai\/b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, g\u00e2y giao nh\u1ea7m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-ket-luan-nam-nen-tang-de-toi-uu-chi-phi-vong-doi\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: N\u1eafm n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t inox, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ecdn inox cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e2n c\u1eadn, h\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n m\u00e1c, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, quy c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 \u2013 m\u1eabu th\u1eed, catalogue v\u00e0 CO\/CQ s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec3u nhanh inox: b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1c, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn mua \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. K\u00e8m li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e2u cho k\u1ef9 s\u01b0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1044,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1991","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1991","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1991"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1991\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1044"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1991"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1991"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1991"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}