{"id":2020,"date":"2026-05-15T12:34:16","date_gmt":"2026-05-15T05:34:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-430-thanh-phan-tinh-chat-ung-dung-va-vi-sao-hut-nam-cham\/"},"modified":"2026-05-15T12:34:16","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T05:34:16","slug":"inox-430-thanh-phan-tinh-chat-ung-dung-va-vi-sao-hut-nam-cham","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-430-thanh-phan-tinh-chat-ung-dung-va-vi-sao-hut-nam-cham\/","title":{"rendered":"Inox 430: Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 v\u00ec sao h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-danh-tinh-vat-lieu-va-tieu-chuan\">Danh t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-thanh-phan-hoa-hoc-dien-hinh\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-vi-sao-inox-430-hut-nam-cham\">V\u00ec sao inox 430 h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-tinh-chat-co-hoc-va-vat-ly-chinh\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ch\u00ednh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-kha-nang-chong-an-mon\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-chiu-nhiet-va-oxy-hoa\">Ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 oxy h\u00f3a<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-kha-nang-gia-cong-tao-hinh-va-han\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng, t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u00e0n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-so-sanh-nhanh-430-voi-cac-mac-pho-bien\">So s\u00e1nh nhanh 430 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-ung-dung-tieu-bieu-cua-inox-430-tai-viet-nam\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a inox 430 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-dang-hang-va-be-mat-pho-bien-tren-thi-truong\">D\u1ea1ng h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-lua-chon-va-thiet-ke-khi-nao-dung-430-la-toi-uu\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: khi n\u00e0o d\u00f9ng 430 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-11-xu-ly-be-mat-ve-sinh-va-bao-tri\">X\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-12-kiem-tra-phan-biet-nhanh-430-ngoai-hien-truong\">Ki\u1ec3m tra \u2013 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nhanh 430 ngo\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-13-thong-so-quy-trinh-khuyen-nghi\">Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quy tr\u00ecnh khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-14-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-15-bang-tham-chieu-nhanh-so-lieu-dien-hinh\">B\u1ea3ng tham chi\u1ebfu nhanh s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u (\u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-16-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-17-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Inox 430 (AISI 430) l\u00e0 m\u00e1c th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ferritic ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1edd gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a niken. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n: th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, gia c\u00f4ng \u2013 h\u00e0n, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00ec sao inox 430 h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ee9c tranh t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u00e1c inox ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-danh-tinh-vat-lieu-va-tieu-chuan\">Danh t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u: AISI 430; UNS S43000; EN 1.4016 (X6Cr17); JIS SUS430<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m\/ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; T\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n: ASTM A240\/A480, EN 10088-2<br \/>\n  &#8211; Thanh\/tr\u00f2n: ASTM A276<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n ferritic: ASTM A268<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t luy\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng: \u1ee6 (annealed) sau c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-thanh-phan-hoa-hoc-dien-hinh\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Cr: 16.0\u201318.0%<br \/>\n&#8211; C: \u22640.08\u20130.12% (t\u00f9y ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\/nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t)<br \/>\n&#8211; Mn: \u22641.0%; Si: \u22641.0%<br \/>\n&#8211; P: \u22640.040%; S: \u22640.030%<br \/>\n&#8211; Ni: t\u1ed1i \u0111a ~0.75% (th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea7n 0)<br \/>\n&#8211; N: \u22640.03%<br \/>\nL\u01b0u \u00fd: C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng Ti\/Nb l\u00e0 439\/441, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i 430 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-vi-sao-inox-430-hut-nam-cham\">V\u00ec sao inox 430 h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi kim lo\u1ea1i: 430 l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ferritic v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m kh\u1ed1i (BCC) \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac BCC c\u1ee7a ferit cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c m\u00f4-men t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed s\u1eaft s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp song song, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u00ednh s\u1eaft t\u1eeb (ferromagnetic).<br \/>\n&#8211; Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a niken: M\u00e1c austenitic nh\u01b0 304\/316 ch\u1ee9a Ni \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh pha austenite (FCC) v\u1ed1n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ee7. 430 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Ni, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 austenite \u2013 lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 ferit, do \u0111\u00f3 lu\u00f4n h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m m\u1ea1nh.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng\/\u1ee7:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 430 sau \u1ee7 v\u1eabn nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb m\u1ea1nh; c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb th\u1ea9m do \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng mi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 Curie: kho\u1ea3ng 740\u2013770\u00b0C; tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y 430 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00ednh (tr\u1edf n\u00ean thu\u1eadn t\u1eeb), khi ngu\u1ed9i l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Inox 430 h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m v\u00ec vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ferritic BCC s\u1eaft t\u1eeb c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-tinh-chat-co-hoc-va-vat-ly-chinh\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ch\u00ednh<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u01a1 t\u00ednh (tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ee7 \u2013 tham kh\u1ea3o ASTM A240\/EN 10088)<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u: ~450 MPa (th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf 450\u2013600 MPa)<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y 0.2%: ~205\u2013310 MPa<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i (50 mm): \u226522%<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh: ~160\u2013183 HB<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1ee7ng h\u00f3a bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng: c\u00f3 (kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c)<\/p>\n<h3>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang: ~7.7 g\/cm\u00b3<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t: ~25\u201326 W\/m\u00b7K (cao h\u01a1n 304, t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n)<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t: ~0.60 \u03bc\u03a9\u00b7m (th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 304)<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t (20\u2013100\u00b0C): ~10.4 \u00b5m\/m\u00b7K (th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 304; \u00edt cong v\u00eanh do nhi\u1ec7t)<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1eeb t\u00ednh: \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb th\u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao (h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn >1000 t\u00f9y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i)<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-kha-nang-chong-an-mon\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p: kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4, n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m nh\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 clorua \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua (n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, h\u01a1i mu\u1ed1i, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda m\u1eb7n) nguy c\u01a1 r\u1ed7 pitting cao h\u01a1n 304. PREN 430 \u2248 16\u201318; 304 \u2248 18\u201319.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t + clorua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y n\u1ee9t \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n austenitic nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 60\u2013100\u00b0C v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch m\u1eb7n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1ng:<br \/>\n  &#8211; C\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ng r\u1ed7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n: d\u00f9ng 434\/436 (c\u00f3 Mo) ho\u1eb7c 304\/316.<br \/>\n  &#8211; C\u1ea7n h\u00e0n nhi\u1ec1u\/\u0111\u1ed9 dai m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n: c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc 439\/441 (\u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a Ti\/Nb).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-chiu-nhiet-va-oxy-hoa\">Ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 oxy h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ed1ng \u00f4xy h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 815\u00b0C (li\u00ean t\u1ee5c) v\u00e0 ~870\u00b0C (gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n) t\u00f9y ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\/\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh gi\u1eef l\u00e2u trong 400\u2013550\u00b0C \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00f2n 475\u00b0C (475\u00b0C embrittlement).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-kha-nang-gia-cong-tao-hinh-va-han\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng, t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u00e0n<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh:<br \/>\n  &#8211; U\u1ed1n, d\u1eadp k\u00e9o n\u00f4ng: t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh; \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i.<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u1eadp s\u00e2u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p: h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf do hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cridging\/roping\u201d; d\u00f9ng th\u00e9p c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecdn 439\/441.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gia c\u00f4ng c\u1eaft g\u1ecdt: kh\u00e1; t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 304 nh\u1edd kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh dao b\u1eb1ng; n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n c\u1eaft g\u1ecdt n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, d\u00f9ng 430F (l\u01b0u \u00fd gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n).<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 dai v\u00f9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec7t (HAZ) gi\u1ea3m do t\u0103ng h\u1ea1t; h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u1ee9t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u1ea5p, m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n nh\u1ecf, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Que\/d\u00e2y h\u00e0n khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb: 430Ti, 308L ho\u1eb7c 309L (n\u1ebfu n\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u). V\u1edbi k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 dai\/\u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao sau h\u00e0n, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n sang 439\/441.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Sau h\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee7 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i n\u1ebfu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 t\u00ednh cao (kh\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi chi ti\u1ebft l\u1edbn).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-so-sanh-nhanh-430-voi-cac-mac-pho-bien\">So s\u00e1nh nhanh 430 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; So v\u1edbi 304 (austenitic):<br \/>\n  &#8211; 430 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb m\u1ea1nh; 304 kh\u00f4ng\/\u00edt nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb (tr\u1eeb khi c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i), kh\u00e1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh s\u00e2u t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; So v\u1edbi 201 (Mn-Ni th\u1ea5p):<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh y\u1ebfu sau c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i; ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9m 304, th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t 430 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4; 430 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 h\u01a1n (kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c Ni).<br \/>\n&#8211; So v\u1edbi 410 (martensitic):<br \/>\n  &#8211; 410 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng, c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 gi\u00f2n h\u01a1n, kh\u00e1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n 430; 410 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb; d\u00f9ng cho dao, tr\u1ee5c, bul\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; So v\u1edbi 434\/436:<br \/>\n  &#8211; B\u1ed5 sung Mo \u2192 kh\u00e1ng r\u1ed7\/\u0103n m\u00f2n clorua t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 430; gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n nh\u1eb9; v\u1eabn ferritic.<br \/>\n&#8211; So v\u1edbi 439\/441:<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a Ti\/Nb \u2192 h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, ch\u1ed1ng gi\u00f2n h\u1ea1t; thay th\u1ebf 430 cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng x\u1ea3, b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-ung-dung-tieu-bieu-cua-inox-430-tai-viet-nam\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a inox 430 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng: v\u1ecf m\u00e1y r\u1eeda b\u00e1t, t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh, l\u00f2 n\u01b0\u1edbng, m\u1eb7t \u1ed1p b\u1ebfp, ch\u1ee5p h\u00fat m\u00f9i.<br \/>\n&#8211; Trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, thang m\u00e1y (chi ti\u1ebft n\u1ed9i, kh\u00f4): t\u1ea5m 2B\/BA\/HL\/No.4.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u00d4 t\u00f4 \u2013 xe m\u00e1y: n\u1eb9p, \u1ed1p trang tr\u00ed, chi ti\u1ebft \u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng m\u00e1t, t\u1ea5m ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t nh\u1eb9.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ng\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4: b\u00e0n, k\u1ec7, t\u1ee7, \u1ed1p t\u01b0\u1eddng khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4\/\u00edt clorua.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u2013 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i: bi\u1ec3n b\u1ea3ng, \u1ed1p c\u1ed9t, t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n trong nh\u00e0.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb: v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\/clorua, b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n, khu v\u1ef1c v\u1ec7 sinh \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y clo th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean (\u01b0u ti\u00ean 304\/316).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-dang-hang-va-be-mat-pho-bien-tren-thi-truong\">D\u1ea1ng h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ea1ng: cu\u1ed9n\/t\u1ea5m 0.4\u20133.0 mm (ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn), t\u1ea5m d\u00e0y h\u01a1n theo \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng; \u1ed1ng h\u1ed9p trang tr\u00ed (\u00edt d\u00f9ng cho ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi); thanh la, V, tr\u00f2n.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t:<br \/>\n  &#8211; No.1 (c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng \u1ee7 t\u1ea9y), 2B (m\u1edd m\u1ecbn), BA (b\u00f3ng \u1ee7 s\u00e1ng), No.4 (x\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecbn), HL (hairline), g\u01b0\u01a1ng 8K.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 2B cho gia c\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp; BA\/No.4\/HL cho trang tr\u00ed; g\u01b0\u01a1ng 8K cho \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-lua-chon-va-thiet-ke-khi-nao-dung-430-la-toi-uu\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: khi n\u00e0o d\u00f9ng 430 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u01afu ti\u00ean 430 khi:<br \/>\n  &#8211; M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i.<br \/>\n  &#8211; C\u1ea7n t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1, ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n inox \u201c\u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a\u201d.<br \/>\n  &#8211; C\u1ea7n t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 304 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1ea5m \u1ed1p g\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t).<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng 430 khi:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i\/h\u01a1i mu\u1ed1i, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y clo, h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u h\u00e0n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 dai HAZ cao (c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc 439\/441\/304).<br \/>\n&#8211; G\u1ee3i \u00fd thay th\u1ebf:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 434\/436 (c\u00f3 Mo) cho clorua nh\u1eb9; 304 cho \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean; 316 cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng mu\u1ed1i\/axit m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-11-xu-ly-be-mat-ve-sinh-va-bao-tri\">X\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Passivation: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng axit nitric\/citric \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng b\u1ec1n m\u00e0ng Cr2O3; hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 k\u00e9m h\u01a1n 304 nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn h\u1eefu \u00edch.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3: d\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y trung t\u00ednh, kh\u0103n m\u1ec1m; tr\u00e1nh Cl-\/Javel; r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 lau kh\u00f4 sau v\u1ec7 sinh.<br \/>\n&#8211; Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ng\u1eeba r\u1ec9 tr\u00e0m (tea-staining): tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t, ch\u1ecdn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ecbn (BA\/No.4 m\u1ecbn), v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-12-kiem-tra-phan-biet-nhanh-430-ngoai-hien-truong\">Ki\u1ec3m tra \u2013 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nhanh 430 ngo\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Nam ch\u00e2m: 430 h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m m\u1ea1nh (nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edb 304 c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00fat nh\u1eb9 \u2013 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng nam ch\u00e2m nh\u01b0 ph\u00e9p th\u1eed duy nh\u1ea5t).<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00e0u s\u1eafc\/b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: 430 thi\u00ean x\u00e1m, ph\u1ea3n quang v\u1eeba (2B); BA b\u00f3ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u201c\u1ea5m\u201d nh\u01b0 304.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7: d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y quang ph\u1ed5 c\u1ea7m tay (XRF) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn %Cr v\u00e0 v\u1eafng Ni l\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1eed \u0103n m\u00f2n nh\u1eb9 (kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i): dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i 5% phun m\u00f9; 430 d\u1ec5 c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u r\u1ed7 h\u01a1n 304 sau 24\u201348h.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-13-thong-so-quy-trinh-khuyen-nghi\">Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quy tr\u00ecnh khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; C\u1eaft: d\u00f9ng l\u01b0\u1ee1i\/dao h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee9ng, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eaft v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<br \/>\n&#8211; U\u1ed1n\/d\u1eadp: b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u2265 1\u20131.5 l\u1ea7n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ridging.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n: TIG\/MIG v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u1ea5p; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t k\u1ebd h\u1edf; v\u1ec7 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc\u2013sau h\u00e0n; d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y 308L\/309L khi n\u1ed1i d\u1ecb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t luy\u1ec7n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ee6: ~790\u2013815\u00b0C, l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed; kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Gi\u1ea3i \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t: ~200\u2013400\u00b0C (tr\u00e1nh l\u01b0u l\u00e2u 400\u2013550\u00b0C).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-14-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox 430 c\u00f3 g\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng?<br \/>\n  &#8211; C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb r\u1ec9 tr\u00e0m\/r\u1ed7 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m m\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t clo. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4, s\u1ea1ch, 430 b\u1ec1n g\u1ec9 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00f3 d\u00f9ng 430 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadu r\u1eeda, lan can ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi?<br \/>\n  &#8211; Kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n. D\u00f9ng 304\/316 s\u1ebd b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00ec sao t\u1ea5m 430 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i b\u1ecb t\u1eeb t\u00ednh y\u1ebfu\/m\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c nhau?<br \/>\n  &#8211; M\u1ee9c c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb th\u1ea9m; b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u1eabn l\u00e0 s\u1eaft t\u1eeb.<br \/>\n&#8211; 430 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m?<br \/>\n  &#8211; Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4\/gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp; v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1ea9m\/axit\/clorua, n\u00ean d\u00f9ng 304\/316.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-15-bang-tham-chieu-nhanh-so-lieu-dien-hinh\">B\u1ea3ng tham chi\u1ebfu nhanh s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u (\u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh)<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc: Cr 16\u201318%; C \u22640.08\u20130.12%; Ni \u22480%<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u01a1 t\u00ednh (\u1ee7): Rm \u2265450 MPa; ReL ~205\u2013310 MPa; A50 \u226522%; HB ~160\u2013183<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1eadt l\u00fd: k \u224825\u201326 W\/m\u00b7K; \u03b120\u2013100 \u224810.4 \u00b5m\/m\u00b7K; \u03c1e \u22480.60 \u03bc\u03a9\u00b7m<br \/>\n&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t: oxy h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn ~815\u00b0C li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1eeb t\u00ednh: ferromagnetic, Curie ~740\u2013770\u00b0C<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-16-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; ASTM A240\/A480 \u2013 Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip (ASTM International)<br \/>\n&#8211; EN 10088-2 \u2013 Stainless steels \u2013 Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet\/plate\/strip (CEN)<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu Stainless Steel Handbook, latest edition (Outokumpu)<br \/>\n&#8211; AK Steel (nay Cleveland-Cliffs) Stainless 430 Data Sheet; Aperam 1.4016 (X6Cr17) Technical Datasheet<br \/>\n&#8211; SSINA (Specialty Steel Industry of North America) \u2013 Ferritic Stainless Steels Overview<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-17-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Inox 430 (UNS S43000\/EN 1.4016) l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4, n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1, t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t inox \u0111\u1eb9p. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t ferritic khi\u1ebfn 430 lu\u00f4n h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m \u2013 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n clorua v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n\/\u0111\u1ed9 dai HAZ h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf h\u01a1n c\u00e1c m\u00e1c austenitic. V\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, 430 mang l\u1ea1i t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng\/chi ph\u00ed r\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. C\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ng r\u1ed7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0n nhi\u1ec1u? H\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc 434\/439\/441 ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n sang 304\/316.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 nhanh cho t\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n\/\u1ed1ng 430? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<br \/>\nHotline: 0343.417.281<br \/>\nEmail: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 inox 430: th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00ec sao inox 430 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1026,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2020","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2020","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2020"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2020\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1026"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2020"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2020"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2020"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}