{"id":2026,"date":"2026-05-17T00:33:24","date_gmt":"2026-05-16T17:33:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/so-sanh-inox-chiu-nhiet-310s-309s-304h-nhiet-do-ung-dung\/"},"modified":"2026-05-17T00:33:24","modified_gmt":"2026-05-16T17:33:24","slug":"so-sanh-inox-chiu-nhiet-310s-309s-304h-nhiet-do-ung-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/so-sanh-inox-chiu-nhiet-310s-309s-304h-nhiet-do-ung-dung\/","title":{"rendered":"So s\u00e1nh Inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t 310S, 309S, 304H: nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 &#038; \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-tong-quan-nhanh-ba-mac-inox-chiu-nhiet\">T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh ba m\u00e1c Inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-tieu-chi-ky-thuat-khi-chon-inox-chiu-nhiet\">Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt khi ch\u1ecdn Inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-so-sanh-chuyen-sau-310s-vs-309s-vs-304h\">So s\u00e1nh chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u: 310S vs 309S vs 304H<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-ung-dung-dien-hinh\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-lua-chon-nhanh-theo-dieu-kien-thuc-te\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nhanh theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-quy-cach-va-tieu-chuan-san-co-tai-viet-nam\">Quy c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-luu-y-thiet-ke-gia-cong-va-van-hanh\">L\u01b0u \u00fd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-vi-du-lua-chon-trong-du-an-tai-viet-nam\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-nen-chon-mac-nao-ket-luan\">N\u00ean ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c n\u00e0o? K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m m\u00e1c th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 austenitic t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, n\u01a1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a, ch\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y so s\u00e1nh chi ti\u1ebft ba m\u00e1c th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam: 310S, 309S v\u00e0 304H \u2014 v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec7t, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u2014 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-tong-quan-nhanh-ba-mac-inox-chiu-nhiet\">T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh ba m\u00e1c Inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 310S (UNS S31008, ASTM A240\/A312): 25Cr-20Ni, C th\u1ea5p. M\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t cao, h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a.<br \/>\n&#8211; 309S (UNS S30908, ASTM A240\/A312): ~23Cr-13Ni, C th\u1ea5p. C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu oxy h\u00f3a cao v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p t\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 1.000\u00b0C.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304H (UNS S30409, ASTM A240\/A213\/A312): 18Cr-8Ni v\u1edbi C cao (0,04\u20130,10%). T\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o\/\u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p trong 500\u2013850\u00b0C, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i\/b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t theo ASME.<\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd: H\u1eadu t\u1ed1 \u201cS\u201d l\u00e0 low carbon (gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a Cr-carbide khi h\u00e0n), h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 \u201cH\u201d l\u00e0 high carbon (t\u0103ng b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-tieu-chi-ky-thuat-khi-chon-inox-chiu-nhiet\">Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt khi ch\u1ecdn Inox ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u0111a (kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a\/\u201cscaling resistance\u201d).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o (creep strength) v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc theo th\u1eddi gian.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed: oxy h\u00f3a, cacbon h\u00f3a (CO\/CH4), sulfid h\u00f3a (SO2\/H2S), clorid (mu\u1ed1i, HCl v\u1ebft), kh\u1eed\/nitrid h\u00f3a.<br \/>\n&#8211; Chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t (nhi\u1ec7t s\u1ed1c\/thermal cycling) v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n, gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (ASTM, ASME) v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (t\u1ea5m, \u1ed1ng, thanh).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-so-sanh-chuyen-sau-310s-vs-309s-vs-304h\">So s\u00e1nh chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u: 310S vs 309S vs 304H<\/h2>\n<h3>1) Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 310S: Cr cao (~25%) + Ni cao (~20%) \u2192 t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng oxit b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 oxy h\u00f3a \u1edf >1.000\u00b0C; Ni cao \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh austenite, ch\u1ed1ng cacbon h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; 309S: Cr cao v\u1eeba (~23%) + Ni v\u1eeba (~13%) \u2192 ch\u1ecbu oxy h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t t\u1edbi ~1.000\u00b0C; chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 310S.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304H: 18Cr-8Ni + C cao \u2192 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng 309S\/310S v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a \u1edf c\u1ef1c cao, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i trong v\u00f9ng 500\u2013850\u00b0C; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a trong ASME cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n<h3>2) Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c\/kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 310S:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed: t\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 1.100\u20131.150\u00b0C.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Chu k\u1ef3 (l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t): ~1.000\u20131.100\u00b0C, t\u00f9y \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n.<br \/>\n&#8211; 309S:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Li\u00ean t\u1ee5c: kho\u1ea3ng 1.000\u20131.050\u00b0C.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Chu k\u1ef3: ~980\u20131.000\u00b0C.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304H:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Li\u00ean t\u1ee5c: ~870\u2013925\u00b0C v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a; tuy nhi\u00ean t\u1ed1i \u01b0u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n trong 500\u2013850\u00b0C (v\u00f9ng b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o).<br \/>\nTh\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn 310S khi >1.050\u00b0C; 309S cho 900\u20131.000\u00b0C; 304H cho 500\u2013850\u00b0C khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o\/chu\u1ea9n ASME cho n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i, b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h3>3) \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 304H: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo ASME Section II-D v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p cao h\u01a1n 304\/304L \u1edf >525\u00b0C nh\u1edd h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t cho \u1ed1ng n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i, b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t, t\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; 309S v\u00e0 310S: C\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u creep v\u00e0 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a trong ASME cho \u1ed1ng\/plate; 310S nh\u00ecn chung gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u1edf >900\u00b0C t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 309S, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h3>4) M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed: oxy h\u00f3a, cacbon h\u00f3a, sulfid h\u00f3a, clorid<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Oxy h\u00f3a kh\u00f4 (kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed\/l\u00f2 \u0111i\u1ec7n): 310S t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t; 309S \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 hai; 304H th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Cacbon h\u00f3a (kh\u00ed gi\u00e0u CO\/CH4): 310S v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i nh\u1edd Ni cao; 309S d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf m\u1ee9c v\u1eeba; 304H d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5m cacbon l\u00e0m gi\u00f2n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Sulfid h\u00f3a (SO2\/H2S): T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 austenitic b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng; 310S\/309S kh\u00e1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 304H nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn k\u00e9m h\u01a1n h\u1ee3p kim Ni chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng S m\u1ea1nh.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u01a1i\/Clorid v\u1ebft: \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t cao c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 \u0103n m\u00f2n r\u1ed7\/\u0103n m\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t; 304H nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u01a1n; c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t clo v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi r\u1eeda\/l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nitrid h\u00f3a\/kh\u1eed m\u1ea1nh: Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho austenitic Cr-Ni; c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc h\u1ee3p kim Ni \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nitrid h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n<h3>5) \u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t cao<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 309S\/310S (Cr cao) c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 gi\u00f2n sigma n\u1ebfu 600\u2013900\u00b0C trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i; c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc khi chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu va \u0111\u1eadp\/chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304H d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a (sensitization) v\u00f9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec7t khi h\u00e0n; trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng >425\u00b0C \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u00edt \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u1ea1t do m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n<h3>6) T\u00ednh h\u00e0n, gia c\u00f4ng, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; H\u00e0n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 310S: d\u00f9ng que\/kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1n E310\/ER310 khi h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e1c; khi \u201cb\u1eafc c\u1ea7u\u201d sang th\u00e9p carbon\/inox th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng E309\/ER309.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 309S: d\u00f9ng E309\/ER309; r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m ch\u1ed1ng pha lo\u00e3ng khi overlay.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304H: d\u00f9ng E308H\/ER308H; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t (20\u2013100\u00b0C, tham kh\u1ea3o): 304H ~17,2 \u00b5m\/m\u00b7K > 310S ~15,9 > 309S ~15,1. 304H gi\u00e3n n\u1edf l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 cong v\u00eanh\/\u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n khi chu k\u1ef3.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t: austenitic n\u00f3i chung th\u1ea5p; 309S\/310S h\u01a1i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 304H \u2192 t\u0103ng gradient nhi\u1ec7t, c\u1ea7n b\u00f9 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf\/khe h\u1edf l\u1eafp.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-ung-dung-dien-hinh\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 310S:<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ed0ng radiant, gi\u1ecf\/khay x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t, t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn l\u00f2, \u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 l\u00f2 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, gio\u0103ng gi\u00e3n n\u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00f3ng.<br \/>\n  &#8211; L\u00f2 g\u1ed1m, xi m\u0103ng, x\u1eed l\u00fd r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i \u2014 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng >1.050\u00b0C, oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cacbon h\u00f3a.<br \/>\n&#8211; 309S:<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ed0ng kh\u00f3i n\u00f3ng, \u1ed1ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng ~900\u20131.000\u00b0C, v\u1ecf l\u00f2, b\u0103ng t\u1ea3i l\u00f2 nung.<br \/>\n  &#8211; L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m h\u00e0n ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n\/nhi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean th\u00e9p carbon (buttering\/overlay).<br \/>\n&#8211; 304H:<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ed0ng n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i, b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t\/t\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7t, h\u1ed9p ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i h\u01a1i, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n 500\u2013850\u00b0C theo ASME.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ed0ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00ed-n\u00f3ng trung b\u00ecnh, manifold kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i tua-bin nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-lua-chon-nhanh-theo-dieu-kien-thuc-te\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nhanh theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; N\u1ebfu T l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c >1.050\u20131.100\u00b0C, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng oxy h\u00f3a\/cacbon h\u00f3a nh\u1eb9: ch\u1ecdn 310S.<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u1ebfu T ~900\u20131.000\u00b0C, c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd oxy h\u00f3a: ch\u1ecdn 309S.<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u1ebfu T 500\u2013850\u00b0C, chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i\/\u00e1p l\u1ef1c d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh theo ASME (n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i, qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t): ch\u1ecdn 304H.<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn\/bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m: \u01b0u ti\u00ean 309S\/310S (gi\u00e3n n\u1edf th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 304H) v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf khe gi\u00e3n n\u1edf.<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 S\/H2S \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3: 309S\/310S t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 304H nh\u01b0ng lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p kim Ni chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng khi S cao.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-quy-cach-va-tieu-chuan-san-co-tai-viet-nam\">Quy c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ea1ng h\u00e0ng: t\u1ea5m\/coil (ASTM A240), \u1ed1ng h\u00e0n\/\u0111\u00fac (ASTM A312\/A213), thanh tr\u00f2n (ASTM A276).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ea5m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: 2\u201320 mm (\u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1edbi >40 mm).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng: DN15\u2013DN300, SCH10\u2013SCH80; \u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cho l\u00f2\/boiler n\u00ean theo A213\/A312 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n C theo m\u00e1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra: PMI, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quang ph\u1ed5, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y\/\u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng, ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 Mill Test Certificate (MTC) 3.1.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-luu-y-thiet-ke-gia-cong-va-van-hanh\">L\u01b0u \u00fd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf khe gi\u00e3n n\u1edf v\u00e0 g\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ee1 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t cho chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1edbn; t\u00ednh bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng theo CTE c\u1ee7a m\u00e1c ch\u1ecdn.<br \/>\n&#8211; Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t: t\u0103ng\/gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb t\u1eeb; chu k\u1ef3 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd m\u00e0ng oxit.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1n (ER310\/ER309\/ER308H) v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o; l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, pickling &#038; passivation sau h\u00e0n v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh b\u00f4i b\u1ea9n halogen\/chloride tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00f3ng; v\u1ec7 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u00f2.<br \/>\n&#8211; Theo d\u00f5i gi\u00f2n sigma v\u1edbi 309S\/310S khi l\u01b0u tr\u00fa d\u00e0i \u1edf 600\u2013900\u00b0C; l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec\/ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-vi-du-lua-chon-trong-du-an-tai-viet-nam\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; B\u0103ng t\u1ea3i l\u00f2 nung g\u1ed1m 980\u20131.020\u00b0C, chu k\u1ef3 24\/7: 309S cho khung\/t\u1ea5m d\u1eabn, 310S cho chi ti\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng radiant l\u00f2 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t 1.100\u20131.120\u00b0C, kh\u00ed c\u00f3 CO: 310S (ho\u1eb7c 310\/310H n\u1ebfu \u01b0u ti\u00ean b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u00e0n).<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i 540\u2013580\u00b0C, \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao: 304H (\u1ed1ng A213 TP304H) theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ASME.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng kh\u00f3i kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng 850\u2013900\u00b0C c\u00f3 SO2 v\u1ebft: 309S; t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y b\u00f9 \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed gi\u00e3n n\u1edf.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-nen-chon-mac-nao-ket-luan\">N\u00ean ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c n\u00e0o? K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 310S: L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u cho >1.050\u00b0C, oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng cacbon h\u00f3a nh\u1eb9. Chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t cao t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong ba m\u00e1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; 309S: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed\u2013hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cho 900\u20131.000\u00b0C, ch\u1ecbu oxy h\u00f3a kh\u00e1, h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t; ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn chi ti\u1ebft l\u00f2 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304H: Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau >900\u00b0C v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 \u201cchu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng\u201d cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c\/b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t 500\u2013850\u00b0C nh\u1edd b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o v\u00e0 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ASME.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i: h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn theo d\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o. C\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n kho theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Hotline: 0343.417.281. Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o:<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu Stainless Steel Handbook &#038; Datasheets (304H, 309S, 310S): https:\/\/www.outokumpu.com<br \/>\n&#8211; Sandmeyer Steel Company \u2013 309\/309S, 310\/310S Stainless Steel Plate Data: https:\/\/www.sandmeyersteel.com<br \/>\n&#8211; ATI (Allegheny Technologies) \u2013 Stainless Steels datasheets incl. 304H: https:\/\/www.atimaterials.com<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM\/ASME: A240\/A312\/A213; ASME Section II-D allowable stresses (phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>310S ch\u1ecbu oxy h\u00f3a t\u1edbi ~1.100\u20131.150\u00b0C, 309S ~1.000\u20131.050\u00b0C; 304H t\u1ed1i \u01b0u 500\u2013850\u00b0C nh\u1edd b\u1ec1n r\u00e3o. Ch\u1ecdn theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (oxy h\u00f3a, cacbon h\u00f3a, S).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1071,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2026","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2026","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2026"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2026\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1071"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2026"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2026"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}