{"id":2038,"date":"2026-05-20T00:33:38","date_gmt":"2026-05-19T17:33:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/vi-sao-inox-316-bat-buoc-cho-cac-du-an-xay-dung-ven-bien\/"},"modified":"2026-05-20T00:33:38","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T17:33:38","slug":"vi-sao-inox-316-bat-buoc-cho-cac-du-an-xay-dung-ven-bien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/vi-sao-inox-316-bat-buoc-cho-cac-du-an-xay-dung-ven-bien\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00ec sao inox 316 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ven bi\u1ec3n?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-rui-ro-an-mon-ven-bien-dieu-gi-khien-304201-nhanh-\">R\u1ee7i ro \u0103n m\u00f2n ven bi\u1ec3n: \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec khi\u1ebfn 304\/201 nhanh \u201cth\u1ea5t th\u1ee7\u201d?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-vi-sao-inox-316-chong-an-mon-bien-tot-hon\">V\u00ec sao inox 316 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n bi\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-khi-nao-316-la-bat-buoc\">Khi n\u00e0o 316 l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c\u201d?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-316-so-voi-cac-lua-chon-khac-hieu-nang-va-chi-phi\">316 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c: hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-khuyen-nghi-ky-thuat-de-316-phat-huy-dung-chuan-ve\">Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 316 \u201cph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n\u201d ven bi\u1ec3n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-ung-dung-ven-bien-pho-bien-tai-viet-nam-va-goi-y-t\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ven bi\u1ec3n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i \u00fd th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-cach-kiem-tra-va-mua-inox-316-dung-chuan-tai-ha-no\">C\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 mua inox 316 \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-hoi-nhanh-dap-gon\">H\u1ecfi nhanh \u2013 \u0111\u00e1p g\u1ecdn<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-tai-lieu-tham-khao\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Trong m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n \u2013 t\u1eeb lan can, bu l\u00f4ng neo \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng, b\u00e0i to\u00e1n s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n clo. Inox 316 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng r\u1ed7 v\u00e0 k\u1ebd h\u1edf v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i so v\u1edbi 304\/201. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u00ec sao, khi n\u00e0o 316 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u201cs\u1ed1ng kh\u1ecfe\u201d trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn inox theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-rui-ro-an-mon-ven-bien-dieu-gi-khien-304201-nhanh-\">R\u1ee7i ro \u0103n m\u00f2n ven bi\u1ec3n: \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec khi\u1ebfn 304\/201 nhanh \u201cth\u1ea5t th\u1ee7\u201d?<\/h2>\n<h3>Ion clo v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u0102n m\u00f2n r\u1ed7 (pitting): Clo (Cl-) xuy\u00ean th\u1ee7ng l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ea1o \u201ch\u1ed1\u201d nh\u1ecf lan nhanh \u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u1eef mu\u1ed1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0102n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd h\u1edf (crevice): Xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i khe, m\u1ed1i ch\u1ed3ng m\u00e9p, gio\u0103ng\u2026 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecdng mu\u1ed1i\/\u1ea9m, pH t\u1ee5t, \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; N\u1ee9t \u0103n m\u00f2n do \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clo (chloride SCC): 304\/201 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea1y khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c > 50\u00b0C.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0102n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a (galvanic): Khi inox ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac kim lo\u1ea1i k\u00e9m qu\u00fd (th\u00e9p carbon\/nh\u00f4m) trong n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n, chi ti\u1ebft k\u00e9m qu\u00fd b\u1ecb \u201chi sinh\u201d nhanh.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u1ee9c clo theo kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Khu v\u1ef1c phun s\u00f3ng\/ven b\u1edd 0\u20130,5 km: Clo \u0111\u1ecdng d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea5p \u0103n m\u00f2n C5\/ CX theo ISO 9223 (r\u1ea5t cao\/r\u1ea5t kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t).<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n 0,5\u20135 km: C4\u2013C5; v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n 316 n\u1ebfu c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ed9 thi\u00ean.<br \/>\n&#8211; Xa > 5\u201310 km: C3\u2013C4; 304 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t cho h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c \u00edt l\u1ed9 mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\nTh\u1ef1c t\u1ebf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n Trung gi\u00f3 m\u00f9a mang s\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1i \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n, khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c c\u00e1ch b\u1edd 3\u20135 km v\u1eabn b\u1ecb r\u1ed7 khi d\u00f9ng 304.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-vi-sao-inox-316-chong-an-mon-bien-tot-hon\">V\u00ec sao inox 316 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n bi\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n?<\/h2>\n<h3>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, PREN v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf Mo<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Inox 316 (UNS S31600\/EN 1.4401) ch\u1ee9a 16\u201318% Cr, 10\u201314% Ni v\u00e0 2\u20133% Mo. Molypden n\u00e2ng m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng r\u1ed7\/k\u1ebd h\u1edf trong clo.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 PREN = %Cr + 3,3\u00d7%Mo + 16\u00d7%N. 304 c\u00f3 PREN ~ 18\u201319; 316 ~ 25\u201327; Duplex 2205 ~ 34\u201336. PREN c\u00e0ng cao, kh\u00e1ng r\u1ed7 c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316L (S31603\/EN 1.4404) l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 C th\u1ea5p, ch\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a khi h\u00e0n, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h3>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 m\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n: ASTM A240 316\/316L; \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n trang tr\u00ed: ASTM A554 316; \u1ed0ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: ASTM A312 TP316\/316L; Thanh: ASTM A276; Bu l\u00f4ng: ASTM A193 B8M.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng: AISI 316\/316L; EN 1.4401\/1.4404; JIS SUS316\/316L.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-khi-nao-316-la-bat-buoc\">Khi n\u00e0o 316 l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c\u201d?<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; L\u1ed9 thi\u00ean trong 0\u20135 km t\u00ednh t\u1eeb bi\u1ec3n; \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khu v\u1ef1c phun s\u00f3ng, h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3o, c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3ng, b\u1edd k\u00e8, m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n h\u01b0\u1edbng bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng\/thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean > 30\u201340\u00b0C ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 gia nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (t\u0103ng r\u1ee7i ro SCC).<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng gian ch\u1ee9a h\u01a1i mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c: b\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y mu\u1ed1i, b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 Cl-, khu h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n\/kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng clo.<br \/>\n&#8211; Chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec\/r\u1eeda \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3: lan can cao t\u1ea7ng, m\u00e1ng c\u00e1p ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, bul\u00f4ng neo trong v\u00f9ng phun s\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3:<br \/>\n&#8211; 316L: \u01afu ti\u00ean cho chi ti\u1ebft h\u00e0n nhi\u1ec1u, b\u1ed3n\/\u1ed1ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316Ti: \u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng Ti, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t 450\u2013850\u00b0C.<br \/>\n&#8211; Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn trong clo n\u00f3ng: c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc Duplex 2205 ho\u1eb7c 904L.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-316-so-voi-cac-lua-chon-khac-hieu-nang-va-chi-phi\">316 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c: hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed<\/h2>\n<h3>So s\u00e1nh nhanh theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 201 (Mn-Ni th\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng Mo): Kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ven bi\u1ec3n; r\u1ec9 n\u00e2u\/tea staining r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304: Ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng khi > 5\u201310 km t\u1eeb bi\u1ec3n, h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c \u00edt ph\u01a1i mu\u1ed1i, c\u00f3 r\u1eeda n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3; v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 r\u1ed7\/\u1ed1 tr\u00e0.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316: Chu\u1ea9n cho ven bi\u1ec3n n\u00f3i chung; tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd 2\u20134 l\u1ea7n 304 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u00edt h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Duplex 2205\/904L: D\u00e0nh cho v\u00f9ng phun s\u00f3ng\/ ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n n\u1eb7ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng\/\u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ef1c kh\u1eaft khe; chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3>Chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (LCC) \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Gi\u00e1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: 316 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n 304 kho\u1ea3ng 25\u201345% (bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo gi\u00e1 Ni\/Mo). So v\u1edbi 201, 316 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao g\u1ea5p ~1,7\u20132,2 l\u1ea7n.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec: 304 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u1eeda\/lau b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c, s\u1eeda thay s\u1edbm do r\u1ed7\/\u1ed1, t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed 5\u201310 n\u0103m th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u01b0\u1ee3t 316.<br \/>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda lan can ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i: n\u1ebfu 304 ph\u1ea3i thay sau 5\u20137 n\u0103m, 316 b\u1ec1n 12\u201320 n\u0103m v\u1edbi b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, t\u1ed5ng LCC 316 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 10\u201330% trong chu k\u1ef3 15 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-khuyen-nghi-ky-thuat-de-316-phat-huy-dung-chuan-ve\">Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 316 \u201cph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n\u201d ven bi\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n<h3>Ch\u1ecdn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t\/ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e0ng m\u1ecbn c\u00e0ng \u00edt gi\u1eef mu\u1ed1i: khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb m\u00e0i 320 grit tr\u1edf l\u00ean, hairline m\u1ecbn, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t No.8 g\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng (electropolish) cho m\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n h\u01b0\u1edbng bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh nh\u00e1m th\u00f4, v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ecdc ngang s\u00e2u; c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00fai mu\u1ed1i\u201d g\u00e2y r\u1ed7 nhanh.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1edbi \u1ed1ng trang tr\u00ed: ch\u1ecdn ASTM A554 316\/316L, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u2265 1,2\u20131,5 mm cho lan can ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h3>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng k\u1ebd h\u1edf\/\u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh khe h\u1eb9p, ch\u1ed3ng m\u00e9p k\u00edn; t\u1ea1o tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do; b\u1ecbt k\u00edn nh\u01b0ng cho ph\u00e9p v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u01afu ti\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u h\u00e0n k\u00edn thay v\u00ec b\u1eaft v\u00edt \u1edf n\u01a1i d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc; n\u1ebfu b\u1eaft v\u00edt, d\u00f9ng long \u0111en nh\u1ef1a c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h3>Gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; D\u00f9ng que\/d\u00e2y h\u00e0n 316L (ER316L\/E316L) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef Mo v\u00e0 C th\u1ea5p; tr\u00e1nh tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn 304 filler.<br \/>\n&#8211; Sau h\u00e0n: t\u1ea9y m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n (pickling) v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a (passivation) \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c m\u00e0ng oxit b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 gia c\u00f4ng ri\u00eang cho inox, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng chung v\u1edbi th\u00e9p carbon (tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t g\u00e2y r\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, tr\u00e1nh v\u00f9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec7t qu\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng g\u00e2y nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<h3>Ph\u00f2ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n inox 316 v\u1edbi th\u00e9p carbon\/nh\u00f4m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec7m nh\u1ef1a\/PTFE, s\u01a1n c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 316 cho bul\u00f4ng, \u1ed1c, \u0111ai \u1ed1c, n\u1edf neo (ASTM A193 B8M, A320 B8M) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u00f4i kim lo\u1ea1i. Tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n 304 tr\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u 316 \u1edf ven bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; R\u1eeda n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1n mu\u1ed1i:<br \/>\n  + V\u00f9ng phun s\u00f3ng: h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n\/2 tu\u1ea7n.<br \/>\n  + 0,5\u20135 km: m\u1ed7i 2\u20134 tu\u1ea7n.<br \/>\n  + > 5 km: m\u1ed7i 1\u20133 th\u00e1ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda pH trung t\u00ednh; tr\u00e1nh clo\/axit m\u1ea1nh. Lau kh\u00f4 sau khi r\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u1ed1 tr\u00e0 (tea staining).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-ung-dung-ven-bien-pho-bien-tai-viet-nam-va-goi-y-t\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ven bi\u1ec3n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i \u00fd th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Lan can, c\u1ea7u thang, tay v\u1ecbn, facade: \u1ed0ng A554 316\/316L \u00d838\u201363,5 mm, t\u22651,5 mm; ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n 320 grit ho\u1eb7c No.8 \u1edf h\u01b0\u1edbng bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u\/m\u00e1ng c\u00e1p ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi: T\u1ea5m A240 316L t\u22652,0 mm; b\u1ebb g\u00f3c k\u00edn, tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ec7 HVAC, th\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n: 316L cho \u1ed1ng gi\u00f3, khung, fastener B8M.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ec7 \u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n\/l\u1ecdc RO: \u1ed0ng A312 TP316L Sch10\/40, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n h\u00e0n 316L; pickling + passivation sau l\u1eafp.<br \/>\n&#8211; Bu l\u00f4ng neo, c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3ng: A193 B8M Class 2; n\u1ebfu v\u00f9ng phun s\u00f3ng n\u1eb7ng, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc Duplex 2205.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-cach-kiem-tra-va-mua-inox-316-dung-chuan-tai-ha-no\">C\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 mua inox 316 \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/h2>\n<h3>X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 MTC\/MTR theo l\u00f4 (ASTM\/EN), ghi %Mo \u2265 2,0%.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra nhanh t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7: PMI quang ph\u1ed5 (XRF), th\u1eed Mo b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng; 316 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p (kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ti\u00eau ch\u00ed duy nh\u1ea5t).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u, kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eaft (d\u1ea5u x\u00e1m \u0111en).<\/p>\n<h3>L\u1ed7i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; \u201c316 gi\u1ea3\u201d th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 304 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng; ho\u1eb7c 316 pha t\u1ea1p Mo th\u1ea5p < 2% khi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ng r\u1ed7 suy gi\u1ea3m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.  \n- \u1ed0ng m\u1ecfng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c cho ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t (\u2264 1,0 mm) d\u1ec5 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, n\u1ee9t m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ecdng mu\u1ed1i \u1edf v\u1ebft l\u00f5m.\n\n\n\n<h3>Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng n\u00ean c\u00f3<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; M\u00e1c + ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: ASTM A554 316L, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n 320 grit); \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y\/\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh\/dung sai; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u pickling\/passivation sau h\u00e0n; ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-hoi-nhanh-dap-gon\">H\u1ecfi nhanh \u2013 \u0111\u00e1p g\u1ecdn<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1ch b\u1edd 10 km c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n 316? N\u1ebfu h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c l\u1ed9 thi\u00ean gi\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, 316 v\u1eabn an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n; 304 ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean d\u00f9ng khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1eeda \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u1ea5t m\u1ecbn.<br \/>\n&#8211; S\u01a1n ph\u1ee7 304 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7? S\u01a1n gi\u00fap tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n \u0103n m\u00f2n nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 l\u1edbp c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng; khi l\u1edbp s\u01a1n x\u01b0\u1edbc\/khe h\u1edf h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebd h\u1edf t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c. 316 n\u1ec1n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u01a1n b\u1ed5 sung n\u1ebfu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng (tea staining)? C\u00f3, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng r\u1eeda n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u00f4. Ch\u1ecdn ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 s\u1ebd h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316 c\u00f3 b\u1ecb nam ch\u00e2m h\u00fat? Austenit chu\u1ea9n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng; nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng\/bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ferit nh\u1eb9, h\u00fat r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu \u2013 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-tai-lieu-tham-khao\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; ISO 9223: Corrosion of metals and alloys \u2013 Classification of corrosivity of atmospheres.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nickel Institute \u2013 Guidelines for stainless steel in chloride environments, Coastal applications (nickelinstitute.org).<br \/>\n&#8211; ASSDA (Australian Stainless Steel Development Association) \u2013 Technical Bulletins on tea staining and grade selection near marine (assda.asn.au).<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu Corrosion Handbook &#038; Datasheets for 304\/316\/2205 (outokumpu.com).<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM A240\/A312\/A554\/A276\/A193 \u2013 C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m inox 316.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ven bi\u1ec3n gi\u00e0u clo, r\u1ee7i ro \u0103n m\u00f2n r\u1ed7, k\u1ebd h\u1edf v\u00e0 SCC khi\u1ebfn 201\/304 nhanh ch\u00f3ng xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p. Inox 316, nh\u1edd 2\u20133% Mo v\u00e0 PREN cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, mang l\u1ea1i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd 2\u20134 l\u1ea7n, gi\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 (316L\/316Ti), ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ecbn, h\u00e0n \u2013 t\u1ea9y \u2013 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt, 316 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u201cb\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c\u201d cho lan can, bu l\u00f4ng, m\u00e1ng c\u00e1p, h\u1ec7 \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 facade \u1edf ven bi\u1ec3n. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh phun s\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, h\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p l\u00ean Duplex 2205\/904L.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chi ti\u1ebft theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t m\u00e1c, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Hotline: 0343.417.281. Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Inox 316 v\u1edbi 2\u20133% Mo ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7\/k\u1ebd h\u1edf do clo, gi\u1ea3m n\u1ee9t SCC, b\u1ec1n 2\u20134 l\u1ea7n 304 \u1edf ven bi\u1ec3n. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n, thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1074,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2038","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2038","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2038"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2038\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1074"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2038"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2038"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2038"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}