{"id":2162,"date":"2026-06-20T00:34:16","date_gmt":"2026-06-19T17:34:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/ban-ghe-inox-ngoai-troi-chon-304-316-be-mat-va-bao-ve\/"},"modified":"2026-06-20T00:34:16","modified_gmt":"2026-06-19T17:34:16","slug":"ban-ghe-inox-ngoai-troi-chon-304-316-be-mat-va-bao-ve","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/ban-ghe-inox-ngoai-troi-chon-304-316-be-mat-va-bao-ve\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00e0n gh\u1ebf inox ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi: ch\u1ecdn 304\/316, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-tong-quan-moi-truong-ngoai-troi-va-co-che-hu-hai\">T\u1ed5ng quan m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-chon-mac-inox-theo-moi-truong-su-dung\">Ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c inox theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-tieu-chuan-vat-lieu-va-cau-kien-cho-ban-ghe\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n cho b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-hoan-thien-be-mat-chia-khoa-han-che-tea-staining\">Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u201ctea staining\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-thiet-ke-chong-an-mon-theo-nguyen-ly-it-khe-thoat-\">Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n theo nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u201c\u00edt khe \u2013 tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t\u201d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-bao-tri-tan-suat-va-hoa-chat-nen-khong-nen\">B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec: t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00ean \u2013 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-tong-chi-phi-so-huu-tco-vi-sao-316l-tiet-kiem-ve-d\">T\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1edf h\u1eefu (TCO): v\u00ec sao 316L ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-cau-hinh-khuyen-nghi-theo-moi-truong-tai-viet-nam\">C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-bao-gia-tham-khao-va-luu-y-mua-hang\">B\u00e1o gi\u00e1 tham kh\u1ea3o v\u00e0 l\u01b0u \u00fd mua h\u00e0ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-tai-lieu-tham-khao\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-11-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>B\u00e0n gh\u1ebf inox ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi m\u01b0a n\u1eafng, h\u01a1i mu\u1ed1i, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 c\u1eb7n b\u1ea9n \u2013 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh \u0103n m\u00f2n. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c inox, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1ed1ng\/t\u1ea5m, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n \u2013 x\u1eed l\u00fd sau gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd t\u1ed1i \u01b0u trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Inox trong X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng D\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng &#038; K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi cho c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean, qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, resort v\u00e0 khu c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-tong-quan-moi-truong-ngoai-troi-va-co-che-hu-hai\">T\u1ed5ng quan m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; H\u01a1i mu\u1ed1i\/clorua (ven bi\u1ec3n, g\u1ea7n h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i): g\u00e2y r\u1ed7 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (pitting) v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n khe (crevice corrosion).<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u01b0a axit\/\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb: th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1ea9n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, \u201ctea staining\u201d (\u1ed1 v\u00e0ng n\u00e2u) n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ea8m cao\/\u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc: duy tr\u00ec l\u1edbp \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i m\u1ecfng, t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0103n m\u00f2n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i khe, g\u1edd s\u1eafc, m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n ch\u01b0a x\u1eed l\u00fd.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc: tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc, va \u0111\u1eadp l\u00e0m l\u1ed9 kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea1ch, suy gi\u1ea3m th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi.<br \/>\n&#8211; UV kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp inox nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a\/\u0111\u1ec7m ch\u00e2n, s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7 trang tr\u00ed, g\u00e2y gi\u1eef b\u1ea9n\/\u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p>G\u1ed1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p: ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c inox c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 t\u1ed1t, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00e1nh khe h\u1edf, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eb5n, h\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u2013 \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec theo chu k\u1ef3. (Ngu\u1ed3n: Nickel Institute; ISSF)<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-chon-mac-inox-theo-moi-truong-su-dung\">Ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c inox theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox 201 (AISI 201; EN 1.4372): h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ni th\u1ea5p, thay b\u1eb1ng Mn\/N. Pitting th\u1ea5p; ch\u1ec9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trong nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4, xa bi\u1ec3n, \u00edt \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Nguy c\u01a1 tea staining cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 304\/304L (AISI 304\/304L; EN 1.4301\/1.4307): l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, TP.HCM khu xa bi\u1ec3n). C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 316\/316L (AISI 316\/316L; EN 1.4401\/1.4404): c\u00f3 Mo ~2\u20132,5% t\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7; khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho ven bi\u1ec3n (<5\u201310 km), khu h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i, khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\/xi m\u0103ng.  \n- Duplex 2205 (EN 1.4462): ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 v\u00e0 k\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, b\u1ebfn t\u00e0u, c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3ng; chi ph\u00ed cao, gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kinh nghi\u1ec7m.  \n- Ferritic 430 (EN 1.4016): gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb, k\u00e9m b\u1ec1n trong clorua; kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u1ea9m\/b\u1ea9n.\n\nCh\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 tham kh\u1ea3o s\u1ee9c kh\u00e1ng r\u1ed7 PREN \u2248 %Cr + 3,3\u00d7%Mo + 16\u00d7%N:  \n- 201: ~18\u201320; 304: ~18\u201319; 316: ~24\u201326; 2205: ~34\u201336. PREN c\u00e0ng cao, kh\u00e1ng r\u1ed7 c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t trong clorua. (Ngu\u1ed3n: Nickel Institute; EN 10088)\n\nKhuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb nhanh:  \n- \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba, \u00edt b\u1ee5i mu\u1ed1i: 304L.  \n- Ven bi\u1ec3n, resort, h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i: 316L; n\u1ebfu s\u00e1t bi\u1ec3n\/\u0111\u00f3n gi\u00f3 mu\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc 2205 cho chi ti\u1ebft then ch\u1ed1t (ch\u00e2n gh\u1ebf, li\u00ean k\u1ebft s\u00e0n).  \n- Tr\u00e1nh 201\/430 cho \u0111\u1ed3 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac m\u01b0a gi\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-tieu-chuan-vat-lieu-va-cau-kien-cho-ban-ghe\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n cho b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n: ASTM A240 (inox t\u1ea5m\/plate\/strip).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng trang tr\u00ed\/thi c\u00f4ng n\u1ed9i \u2013 ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t: ASTM A554 (Welded Stainless Steel Mechanical Tubing) \u2013 \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n cho \u1ed1ng khung b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf.<br \/>\n&#8211; Thanh tr\u00f2n, d\u1eb9t: ASTM A276.<br \/>\n&#8211; Danh \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u: EN 10088 (th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u m\u00e1c).<\/p>\n<p>Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh cho c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng (t\u00f9y thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng):<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng khung gh\u1ebf: \u00d825\u201338 mm, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y 1,5\u20132,0 mm (ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t ch\u1ecdn \u22651,5 mm).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u00e2n b\u00e0n: h\u1ed9p 40\u00d740 ho\u1eb7c 50\u00d750 mm, d\u00e0y 1,5\u20132,0 mm; c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ebf gia c\u01b0\u1eddng.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u1eb7t b\u00e0n inox: t\u1ea5m 1,0\u20131,2 mm k\u00e8m g\u00e2n c\u1ee9ng; ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p g\u1ed7 nh\u1ef1a\/\u0111\u00e1 v\u1edbi khung inox 316L.<br \/>\n&#8211; Mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m\/ch\u00e9p ch\u00e2n ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n: nylon\/PU kh\u00e1ng UV; thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p>Chu\u1ea9n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb: EN 581 (\u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u2013 b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf) ho\u1eb7c EN 16139 (n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u2013 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, an to\u00e0n) v\u00e0 BIFMA X5.4 cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. (Tham kh\u1ea3o: EN 581, EN 16139)<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-hoan-thien-be-mat-chia-khoa-han-che-tea-staining\">Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u201ctea staining\u201d<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e0ng nh\u1eb5n, c\u00e0ng \u00edt gi\u1eef mu\u1ed1i\/b\u1ee5i, c\u00e0ng b\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb9p:<br \/>\n&#8211; No.4\/Hairline (m\u00e0i x\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecbn): d\u1ec5 che x\u01b0\u1edbc trong s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n; ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p 304L \u1edf n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba.<br \/>\n&#8211; BA\/Mirror (g\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ra th\u1ea5p): \u00edt gi\u1eef mu\u1ed1i\/b\u1ee5i nh\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng \u1edf bi\u1ec3n; ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p 316L khu ven bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Bead-blast\/sand-blast: th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 m\u1edd, nh\u01b0ng t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n; ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng khi c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch v\u1ec7 sinh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m: Ra \u2264 0,5\u20130,8 \u00b5m cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi; ven bi\u1ec3n n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean Ra th\u1ea5p v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng (electropolish). (Ngu\u1ed3n: ISSF \u2013 Tea Staining; Nickel Institute)<\/p>\n<h3>X\u1eed l\u00fd sau gia c\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 \u2013 t\u1ea9y x\u1ec9 h\u00e0n (pickling) v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a (passivation) theo ASTM A380\/A967 gi\u00fap t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng Cr2O3, lo\u1ea1i s\u1eaft t\u1ef1 do.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0n: \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e1c v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng que\/d\u00e2y ER308L (cho 304L) ho\u1eb7c ER316L (cho 316L).<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nung qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00f9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec7t (HAZ) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng: gi\u1ea3m Ra, t\u0103ng b\u1ec1n \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u cho tay v\u1ecbn, ch\u00e2n gh\u1ebf s\u00e1t bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; PVD (TiN\/TiCN\/CrN) ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u1edbp trang tr\u00ed \u2013 t\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng x\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf m\u00e1c n\u1ec1n 316L trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n s\u1eaft: kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng ch\u1ed5i s\u1eaft\/\u0111\u00e1 m\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 m\u00e0i th\u00e9p carbon; b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n c\u00f3 m\u00e0ng PE, tr\u00e1nh b\u1ee5i m\u00e0i th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-thiet-ke-chong-an-mon-theo-nguyen-ly-it-khe-thoat-\">Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n theo nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u201c\u00edt khe \u2013 tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t\u201d<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh khe h\u1edf, ch\u1ed3ng m\u00ed, n\u1eb9p trang tr\u00ed t\u1ea1o r\u00e3nh h\u1eb9p; n\u1ebfu bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3, b\u1ecbt k\u00edn b\u1eb1ng sealant trung t\u00ednh.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ee5c l\u1ed7 tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng h\u1ed9p; bo k\u00edn \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng n\u1eafp nh\u1ef1a kh\u00e1ng UV ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecbt inox h\u00e0n k\u00edn.<br \/>\n&#8211; Bo g\u00f3c tr\u00f2n, ph\u00e1 c\u1ea1nh s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc\/dung d\u1ecbch t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda tho\u00e1t d\u1ec5.<br \/>\n&#8211; Li\u00ean k\u1ebft kh\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n (nylon\/PTFE) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac nh\u00f4m\/ th\u00e9p carbon\/\u0111\u1ed3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0c v\u00edt\/long-\u0111\u1ec1n: A2-70 (304) cho n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba; A4-70 (316) cho ven bi\u1ec3n\/h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u00ea ch\u00e2n cao kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n \u1ea9m; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1edd cao su gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1eb9p ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o inox.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-bao-tri-tan-suat-va-hoa-chat-nen-khong-nen\">B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec: t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00ean \u2013 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u1ec7 sinh:<br \/>\n  &#8211; N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba (\u00edt b\u1ee5i mu\u1ed1i): 1\u20133 th\u00e1ng\/l\u1ea7n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ven bi\u1ec3n\/h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i: 2\u20134 tu\u1ea7n\/l\u1ea7n; n\u01a1i gi\u00f3 mu\u1ed1i m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Quy tr\u00ecnh: r\u1eeda n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch, lau v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda pH trung t\u00ednh (x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng nh\u1eb9), b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i m\u1ec1m, tr\u00e1ng k\u1ef9, lau kh\u00f4.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng: t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda ch\u1ee9a Cl- m\u1ea1nh (Javen\/NaOCl), axit HCl (muriatic), b\u00f9i nh\u00f9i th\u00e9p carbon, b\u1ed9t m\u00e0i th\u00f4.<br \/>\n&#8211; X\u1eed l\u00fd \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng\/tea staining: gel g\u1ed1c citric\/nitric theo ASTM A380\/A967 ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng cho inox; th\u1eed \u1edf v\u00f9ng khu\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch \u2013 trung h\u00f2a \u2013 lau kh\u00f4.<br \/>\n&#8211; Sau m\u01b0a b\u00e3o mu\u1ed1i: r\u1eeda x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecdng mu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n: Nickel Institute \u2013 Cleaning and maintenance of stainless steel; ASTM A380\/A967.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-tong-chi-phi-so-huu-tco-vi-sao-316l-tiet-kiem-ve-d\">T\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1edf h\u1eefu (TCO): v\u00ec sao 316L ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i): 201 = 1,0; 304L = 1,4\u20131,6\u00d7; 316L = 2,0\u20132,3\u00d7; 2205 = ~3,0\u00d7 (dao \u0111\u1ed9ng theo th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ni\/Mo).<br \/>\n&#8211; Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u00fang:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba: d\u1ec5 \u1ed1 sau 6\u201318 th\u00e1ng; nguy c\u01a1 r\u1ed7 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n s\u1edbm.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304L n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba: 8\u201315 n\u0103m \u0111\u1eb9p b\u1ec1n; ven bi\u1ec3n d\u1ec5 \u1ed1 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng r\u1eeda \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316L ven bi\u1ec3n\/h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i: 10\u201320 n\u0103m th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ec1u; g\u1ea7n m\u00e9p n\u01b0\u1edbc\/s\u00f3ng b\u1eafn tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n electropolish v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh d\u00e0y h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec7 sinh + thay th\u1ebf: 316L th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e0n v\u1ed1n sau v\u00e0i n\u0103m nh\u1edd gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1i s\u01a1n, thay m\u1edbi, khi x\u00e9t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi 10\u201315 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<p>(Con s\u1ed1 n\u00eau tr\u00ean l\u00e0 bi\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m; th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 clorua, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. Tham kh\u1ea3o: Nickel Institute; ISSF)<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-cau-hinh-khuyen-nghi-theo-moi-truong-tai-viet-nam\">C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i trung t\u00e2m, xa khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t):<br \/>\n  &#8211; V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: 304L theo ASTM A240\/A554.<br \/>\n  &#8211; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: No.4\/Hairline, Ra \u2264 0,8 \u00b5m.<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u00e0n: TIG, que ER308L; pickling + passivation ASTM A380\/A967.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ed0c v\u00edt: A2-70; \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n khi b\u1eaft v\u1edbi nh\u00f4m\/\u0111\u00e1.<br \/>\n  &#8211; V\u1ec7 sinh: 1\u20133 th\u00e1ng\/l\u1ea7n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ven bi\u1ec3n (H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, Nha Trang; <5\u201310 km m\u00e9p bi\u1ec3n) v\u00e0 khu h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i:  \n  - V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: 316L (EN 1.4404) cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 khung; c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc electropolish ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t g\u01b0\u01a1ng.  \n  - \u1ed0c v\u00edt: A4-70; \u0111\u1ec7m nylon\/PTFE.  \n  - Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u khe, c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc; tr\u00e1nh b\u00e1m c\u00e1t mu\u1ed1i t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf.  \n  - V\u1ec7 sinh: 2\u20134 tu\u1ea7n\/l\u1ea7n; sau b\u00e3o r\u1eeda ngay b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt.  \n- Khu bi\u1ec3n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t\/s\u00e1t m\u00e9p n\u01b0\u1edbc:  \n  - \u0110i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea1y (ch\u00e2n gh\u1ebf, bul\u00f4ng n\u1ec1n): c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc Duplex 2205; ho\u1eb7c 316L electropolish + b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng.  \n  - Che ch\u1eafn gi\u00f3 mu\u1ed1i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 (m\u00e1i h\u1eaft, v\u00e1ch k\u00ednh).\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-bao-gia-tham-khao-va-luu-y-mua-hang\">B\u00e1o gi\u00e1 tham kh\u1ea3o v\u00e0 l\u01b0u \u00fd mua h\u00e0ng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Gi\u00e1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo m\u00e1c, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ni\/Mo. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tham chi\u1ebfu: 201 < 304L < 316L < 2205.  \n- Checklist k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng:  \n  - N\u00eau r\u00f5 m\u00e1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (VD: \u1ed0ng ASTM A554 \u2013 316L \u2013 d\u00e0y 1,5 mm \u2013 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Hairline Ra \u2264 0,8 \u00b5m).  \n  - Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (MTC), ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn m\u00e1c\/ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c.  \n  - M\u1eabu b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf; quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0n; bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n pickling\/passivation.  \n  - Quy c\u00e1ch \u1ed1c v\u00edt (A2\/A4), chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c.  \n  - K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec b\u00e0n giao cho ch\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox 201 c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<br \/>\n  &#8211; Kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m\/m\u01b0a; d\u1ec5 \u1ed1 v\u00e0 r\u1ed7 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00f3 c\u1ea7n s\u01a1n ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 cho inox kh\u00f4ng?<br \/>\n  &#8211; Kh\u00f4ng. L\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 inox. S\u01a1n\/clear coat d\u1ec5 bong, kh\u00f3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec; ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng khi c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00ec sao 316L v\u1eabn b\u1ecb \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng ven bi\u1ec3n?<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u1ed0 l\u00e0 c\u1eb7n mu\u1ed1i\/b\u1ea9n b\u00e1m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i r\u1ec9 xuy\u00ean kim lo\u1ea1i. V\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eb5n\/electropolish s\u1ebd h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y Javen v\u1ec7 sinh inox \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<br \/>\n  &#8211; Kh\u00f4ng. Clo t\u1ef1 do g\u00e2y pitting. D\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y pH trung t\u00ednh, r\u1eeda \u2013 lau kh\u00f4 k\u1ef9.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-tai-lieu-tham-khao\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Nickel Institute \u2013 Stainless steel in coastal and marine environments: https:\/\/nickelinstitute.org<br \/>\n&#8211; Nickel Institute \u2013 Cleaning and maintenance of stainless steel: https:\/\/nickelinstitute.org<br \/>\n&#8211; ISSF \u2013 Guidelines for the prevention of tea staining on stainless steel: https:\/\/www.worldstainless.org<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM A240, ASTM A554, ASTM A276; ASTM A380\/A967 (cleaning\/passivation) \u2013 https:\/\/www.astm.org<br \/>\n&#8211; EN 10088 (th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00e1c inox), EN 581, EN 16139 \u2013 CEN<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-11-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf inox ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean l\u00e0: ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c (304L cho n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba; 316L cho ven bi\u1ec3n\/h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i; 2205 cho \u0111i\u1ec3m si\u00eau kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t), ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng (A240\/A554), b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eb5n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd sau h\u00e0n chu\u1ea9n (pickling + passivation, \u01b0u ti\u00ean electropolish \u1edf bi\u1ec3n), thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u00edt khe \u2013 tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t \u2013 tr\u00e1nh \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec theo chu k\u1ef3. L\u00e0m t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t tea staining, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf pitting, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1edf h\u1eefu trong 10\u201320 n\u0103m v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Hotline: 0343.417.281. Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ecdn 201\/304\/316, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n A240\/A554, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 passivation \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf inox ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng m\u01b0a axit, h\u01a1i mu\u1ed1i, b\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb9p, d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1003,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2162","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2162"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2162\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1003"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2162"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2162"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2162"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}