{"id":2216,"date":"2026-07-03T12:34:33","date_gmt":"2026-07-03T05:34:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/thiet-ke-ong-inox-chiu-ap-luc-cao-cho-nha-may-cong-nghiep\/"},"modified":"2026-07-03T12:34:33","modified_gmt":"2026-07-03T05:34:33","slug":"thiet-ke-ong-inox-chiu-ap-luc-cao-cho-nha-may-cong-nghiep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/thiet-ke-ong-inox-chiu-ap-luc-cao-cho-nha-may-cong-nghiep\/","title":{"rendered":"Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u1ed1ng Inox ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao cho nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<h3>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-khi-nao-can-ong-inox-chiu-ap-luc-cao-va-yeu-cau-hi\">Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u1ed1ng Inox ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-lua-chon-vat-lieu-inox-theo-moi-truong-va-nhiet-do\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Inox theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-tieu-chuan-quy-pham-va-vat-tu\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, quy ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-tinh-chon-do-day-ong-va-hang-ap\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1ng \u00e1p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-thi-cong-han-xu-ly-be-mat\">Thi c\u00f4ng \u2013 h\u00e0n \u2013 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-thu-ap-nghiem-thu-an-toan\">Th\u1eed \u00e1p \u2013 nghi\u1ec7m thu \u2013 an to\u00e0n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-quan-ly-an-mon-va-bao-on\">Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u00f4n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-toi-uu-chi-phi-vong-doi-tco-cho-nha-may-tai-viet-n\">T\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (TCO) cho nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-vi-du-ung-dung-nhanh\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhanh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-checklist-trien-khai-du-an\">Checklist tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-11-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng Inox ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao l\u00e0 \u201cx\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng\u201d c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7: ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c th\u00e9p Inox, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u2013 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 van, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0n \u2013 ki\u1ec3m tra, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi cho \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-khi-nao-can-ong-inox-chiu-ap-luc-cao-va-yeu-cau-hi\">Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u1ed1ng Inox ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh: h\u01a1i b\u00e3o h\u00f2a\/wet steam (10\u2013100 bar), n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5p n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i\/condensate c\u00f3 oxy kh\u1eed (20\u201360 bar), kh\u00ed\/kh\u00ed d\u1ea7u (Class 600\u20131500), n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0m m\u00e1t (10\u201330 bar), h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n (axit, ki\u1ec1m), amoniac\/urea, H2\/H2S.<br \/>\n&#8211; R\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u00c1p l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00edn r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 cao (kh\u00ed nh\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 H2 c\u1ea7n th\u1eed k\u00edn tinh).<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u1ee9t \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t do clo (SCC), r\u1ed7 pitting\/crevice, CUI (\u0103n m\u00f2n d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o \u00f4n).<br \/>\n  &#8211; T\u00ednh gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t, rung \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1ecfi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-lua-chon-vat-lieu-inox-theo-moi-truong-va-nhiet-do\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Inox theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a l\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u2013 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u2013 t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m m\u00e1c Inox d\u00f9ng cho \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Austenitic: 304L, 316L (\u01b0u ti\u00ean cho h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed kho\u00e1ng, kh\u00ed s\u1ea1ch); 321\/347 cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1edd \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh carbide; 904L, 254SMO khi c\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7\/s\u1ee5p h\u1ea1t cao nh\u01b0ng chi ph\u00ed l\u1edbn.<br \/>\n&#8211; Duplex: 2205 (PREN ~35) cho n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, clorua cao, Class 600\u20131500; Super duplex 2507 (PREN >40) cho n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao, chloride kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u01b0u \u00fd:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316L ch\u1ecbu clorua t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 304L nh\u01b0ng nguy c\u01a1 SCC t\u0103ng nhanh tr\u00ean ~60 \u00b0C v\u1edbi [Cl\u2212] cao; ch\u1ecdn duplex khi T cao + Cl\u2212.<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 H2S (\u201csour service\u201d): tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 NACE MR0175\/ISO 15156; austenitic v\u00e0 duplex c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n\/nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9\/\u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng.<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u01a1i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao (\u2265450\u2013540 \u00b0C) th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng th\u00e9p Cr-Mo (P22, P91), kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng austenitic ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho tuy\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh; Inox \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n \u01b0\u1edbt\/\u0103n m\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n<h3>Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; PREN \u2248 %Cr + 3.3\u00d7%Mo + 16\u00d7%N: 316L ~24; 2205 ~35; 2507 ~42 \u2192 PREN cao h\u01a1n cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng clorua, n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Pitting\/SCC: tr\u00e1nh khe h\u1edf; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-tieu-chuan-quy-pham-va-vat-tu\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, quy ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng: ASME B31.3 (Process Piping) ho\u1eb7c EN 13480; n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i \u2013 ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 B31.1 (Power Piping). T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn ASME\/EN v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 QCVN\/TCVN hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng Inox: ASTM A312 (austenitic, h\u00e0n\/seamless), ASTM A790 (duplex), EN 10216-5\/ISO 1127.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u1eb7t b\u00edch: ASME B16.5 (Class 150\u20132500), v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ASTM A182 F304\/L, F316\/L, F51\/F53\/F55 (duplex).<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00fat \u2013 t\u00ea \u2013 gi\u1ea3m: ASME B16.9 (h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u), v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ASTM A403 (austenitic), A815 (duplex).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n ren\/\u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf: ASME B16.11 (Socket\/Threaded) \u2013 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf d\u00f9ng ren cho \u00e1p cao\/h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Van: ASME B16.34; API 602 (van nh\u1ecf r\u00e8n), API 6D (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh), API 598 (th\u1eed k\u00edn).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ed1ng H2S: NACE MR0175\/ISO 15156.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch\/passivation: ASTM A380\/A967.<\/p>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n: ASME B31.3; ASTM A312\/A790\/A182\/A403; ASME B16.5\/B16.9\/B16.34; NACE MR0175\/ISO 15156; EN 13480; ASTM A380\/A967.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-tinh-chon-do-day-ong-va-hang-ap\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1ng \u00e1p<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u1ed1ng: t\u00ednh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c s\u1ee9c b\u1ec1n v\u1ecf m\u1ecfng trong ASME B31.3 v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p S (ASME II-D), h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n E, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu \u201cschedule\u201d (SCH 40S\/80S\/160\/XXS).<br \/>\n&#8211; Quy t\u1eafc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf:<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u00c1p l\u1ef1c cao\/kh\u00ed n\u00e9n: \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u1ed1ng seamless (A312 TP316L SMLS, A790 SMLS) \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n d\u1ecdc.<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Class 600\u2013900: NPS nh\u1ecf th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn SCH80S\u2013SCH160; NPS l\u1edbn c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; V\u1edbi duplex (S cao h\u01a1n), c\u00f9ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi 316L.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u1eb7t b\u00edch v\u00e0 gasket:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Class (x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 t\u1ea1i ~38 \u00b0C): 150 \u2248 19 bar; 300 \u2248 50 bar; 600 \u2248 99 bar; 900 \u2248 149 bar; 1500 \u2248 248 bar; 2500 \u2248 414 bar (theo ASME B16.5, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u00f3m 316).<br \/>\n  &#8211; >Class 600: c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc m\u1eb7t b\u00edch RTJ v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng kim lo\u1ea1i; \u2264Class 600: gasket xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c (spiral wound) Inox 316 + PTFE\/graphite theo d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<br \/>\n&#8211; Van:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Kh\u00ed\/hydrocarbon: van bi\/van c\u1ed5ng Class 600\u20131500, gh\u1ebf PTFE\/PEEK ho\u1eb7c kim lo\u1ea1i; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u fire-safe.<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u01a1i\/n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5p: van c\u1ea7u\/van m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u th\u00e2n Inox; ch\u1ecdn trim 316\/Stellite ch\u1ed1ng x\u00f3i m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-thi-cong-han-xu-ly-be-mat\">Thi c\u00f4ng \u2013 h\u00e0n \u2013 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n (WPS\/PQR\/WQT) theo ASME IX; l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn:<br \/>\n  &#8211; GTAW\/TIG cho l\u1edbp l\u00f3t (root) v\u1edbi kh\u00ed Ar tinh khi\u1ebft; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t O2 trong \u1ed1ng \u226450 ppm \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh m\u00e0u nhi\u1ec7t\/gi\u00f2n kh\u1edbp h\u1ea1t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u00e0n qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o cho \u1ed1ng\/tube nh\u1ecf, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00edn cao.<br \/>\n  &#8211; V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0n: ER\/E308L, E316L cho austenitic; ER2209 cho duplex 2205; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp (duplex: h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t, gi\u1eef c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ferrite 35\u201355%).<br \/>\n&#8211; Sau h\u00e0n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; T\u1ea9y g\u1ec9 \u2013 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a (pickling\/passivation) theo ASTM A380\/A967 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o l\u1edbp Cr2O3, n\u00e2ng kh\u00e1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, th\u1ed5i kh\u00f4\/\u0111\u1ea9y \u1ea9m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho kh\u00ed\/oxy\/AM.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y (NDE):<br \/>\n  &#8211; PT cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Inox; RT\/UT cho m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n ch\u00ednh; PMI x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c; \u0111o ferrite cho duplex.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Tr\u00e1nh khe h\u1edf b\u1ea9n, \u0111\u1ec7m k\u00edn \u0111\u00fang ki\u1ec3u; kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng ren cho h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\/\u00e1p cao tr\u1eeb khi b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c.<br \/>\n  &#8211; B\u1ed1 tr\u00ed gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1, \u0111i\u1ec3m neo\/d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t (ph\u00e2n t\u00edch flexibility b\u1eb1ng CAESAR II ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-thu-ap-nghiem-thu-an-toan\">Th\u1eed \u00e1p \u2013 nghi\u1ec7m thu \u2013 an to\u00e0n<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u1eed th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c: 1.5\u00d7 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo ASME B31.3; gi\u1eef \u00e1p \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian, ki\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng r\u00f2\/kh\u00f4ng suy gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1eed kh\u00ed (khi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc): 1.1\u00d7 \u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, quy tr\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t; kh\u00ed tr\u01a1 (N2) \u01b0u ti\u00ean.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 H2\/helium: th\u00eam th\u1eed r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 heli (helium mass spectrometer) cho m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n\/van, \u0111\u1ea1t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<br \/>\n&#8211; X\u1ea3 \u00e1p\/van an to\u00e0n, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch th\u1ed5i kh\u00ed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-quan-ly-an-mon-va-bao-on\">Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u00f4n<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n\/clorua: \u01b0u ti\u00ean duplex; gi\u1ea3m khe h\u1edf; ch\u1ecdn bulong\/neo v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a.<br \/>\n&#8211; CUI (\u0103n m\u00f2n d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea3o \u00f4n) v\u1edbi Inox: ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ea3o \u00f4n h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cl\u2212 th\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 m\u00e0ng ch\u1eafn \u1ea9m, v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc k\u00edn; \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m tra CUI t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng \u1ea9m.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\/urea: d\u00f9ng 316L-UG (urea grade) ho\u1eb7c si\u00eau austenitic theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec\/ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh: theo API 570 (Piping Inspection Code), l\u1eadp v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111o chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y, ki\u1ec3m tra r\u00f2 vi m\u00f4, theo d\u00f5i rung \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-toi-uu-chi-phi-vong-doi-tco-cho-nha-may-tai-viet-n\">T\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (TCO) cho nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c theo r\u1ee7i ro \u0103n m\u00f2n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf thay v\u00ec \u201cqu\u00e1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf\u201d:<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u01a1i b\u00e3o h\u00f2a\/condensate s\u1ea1ch: 304L\/316L \u0111\u1ee7, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u2013 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, phun s\u01b0\u01a1ng ven bi\u1ec3n: duplex 2205 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed-v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi; super duplex 2507 cho high-Cl\u2212 \u00e1p cao.<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t clorua, nhi\u1ec7t >60 \u00b0C: \u01b0u ti\u00ean duplex; n\u1ebfu pH th\u1ea5p + clo + nhi\u1ec7t cao, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc 904L\/254SMO.<br \/>\n&#8211; S\u1eb5n c\u00f3 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316L A312 SMLS SCH40S\u2013SCH80S \u0111\u1ebfn DN200 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn; SCH160\/XXS, duplex 2205 NPS>DN100 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc (lead time 6\u201310 tu\u1ea7n).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Flange F316L Class 150\u2013600 s\u1eb5n; Class 900\u20131500\/duplex c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp theo d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Chi ph\u00ed tham kh\u1ea3o (dao \u0111\u1ed9ng theo th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng):<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316L \u2248 3\u20134\u00d7 th\u00e9p carbon; duplex 2205 \u2248 1.5\u20132\u00d7 316L; 2507 \u2248 2\u20132.5\u00d7 316L. T\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3m d\u1eebng m\u00e1y\/\u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-vi-du-ung-dung-nhanh\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhanh<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n 25 \u00b0C, 25 bar, b\u01a1m tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n: \u1ed0ng A790 S32205 (duplex 2205) SMLS; m\u1eb7t b\u00edch B16.5 Class 300; gasket spiral wound 316+PTFE; bulong Inox 316 ho\u1eb7c duplex.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u01a1i b\u00e3o h\u00f2a 30 bar, 200 \u00b0C: \u1ed0ng A312 TP316L SMLS SCH80S; ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n BW A403 WP316L; van c\u1ea7u 316L Class 300; b\u1ecdc b\u1ea3o \u00f4n kh\u00f4, ch\u1ed1ng CUI.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00ed H2 60 bar: \u1ed0ng 316L SMLS; h\u00e0n GTAW root purge O2<50 ppm; th\u1eed heli; van bi Class 600 gh\u1ebf PEEK, anti-static, fire-safe.\n- D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 sour (H2S) 40 bar: V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u theo NACE MR0175; \u01b0u ti\u00ean 316L ho\u1eb7c duplex \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t.\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-checklist-trien-khai-du-an\">Checklist tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00e1p su\u1ea5t\/nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t, r\u1ee7i ro \u0103n m\u00f2n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn quy ph\u1ea1m (ASME B31.3\/EN 13480) v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, ch\u1ecdn schedule, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh seamless\/h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ecdn Class m\u1eb7t b\u00edch, lo\u1ea1i gasket, lo\u1ea1i van \u2013 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gh\u1ebf\/trim.<br \/>\n&#8211; Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp WPS\/PQR, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch NDE, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 passivation.<br \/>\n&#8211; Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1\/gi\u00e3n n\u1edf, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch rung\/b\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u1eed \u00e1p, nghi\u1ec7m thu, v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec\/gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 CUI.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-nguon-tham-khao\">Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; ASME B31.3 \u2013 Process Piping; ASME B16.5\/B16.9\/B16.34; ASME BPVC II-D (\u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p).<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM A312, A790, A182, A403; ASTM A380\/A967 (l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch \u2013 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a).<br \/>\n&#8211; EN 13480 \u2013 Metallic industrial piping.<br \/>\n&#8211; NACE MR0175\/ISO 15156 \u2013 Materials for H2S-containing environments.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nickel Institute, \u201cChloride stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steels\u201d (t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1edf).<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu\/Alleima datasheets (PREN, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0103n m\u00f2n\/ c\u01a1 t\u00ednh m\u00e1c Inox).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-11-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng Inox ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao mu\u1ed1n b\u1ec1n \u2013 k\u00edn \u2013 an to\u00e0n c\u1ea7n: ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1c (316L\/duplex t\u00f9y m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng), thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo ASME\/EN, t\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 Class, \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u1ed1ng seamless cho kh\u00ed\/\u00e1p cao, h\u00e0n \u2013 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n, gasket\/van ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, th\u1eed \u00e1p nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0103n m\u00f2n\/CUI. L\u00e0m t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 \u1ed1ng \u2013 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n \u2013 van Inox cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox Cuong Thinh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\nHotline: 0343.417.281<br \/>\nEmail: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c Inox, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, SCH, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n, h\u00e0n, th\u1eed \u00e1p v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao trong h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1067,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2216","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2216","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2216"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2216\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1067"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2216"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2216"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2216"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}