{"id":2504,"date":"2026-08-29T00:34:04","date_gmt":"2026-08-28T17:34:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/"},"modified":"2026-08-29T00:34:04","modified_gmt":"2026-08-28T17:34:04","slug":"inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/","title":{"rendered":"Inox v\u00e0 Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? So s\u00e1nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt A\u2013Z"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-left kksr-valign-top\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2504&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;0\\\/5 - (0 b\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Inox v\u00e0 Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? So s\u00e1nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt A\u2013Z&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 0px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            <span class=\"kksr-muted\">\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#Noi_dung_chinh\" >N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#1_Khai_niem_va_tieu_chuan_co_ban\" >1) Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#2_Thanh_phan_hoa_hoc_vi_cau_truc\" >2) Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc &#038; vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#3_Chong_an_mon_su_khac_biet_lon_nhat\" >3) Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n: s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#4_Co_tinh_va_nhiet_ben_%E2%80%93_cung_%E2%80%93_chiu_nhiet\" >4) C\u01a1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t: b\u1ec1n \u2013 c\u1ee9ng \u2013 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#5_Tinh_chat_vat_ly_dan_nhiet_gian_no_tu_tinh\" >5) T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd: d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, gi\u00e3n n\u1edf, t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#6_Gia_cong_han_va_hoan_thien_be_mat\" >6) Gia c\u00f4ng, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#Han\" >H\u00e0n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#Gia_cong_co\" >Gia c\u00f4ng c\u01a1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#Hoan_thien_be_mat\" >Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#7_Chi_phi_dau_tu_vs_chi_phi_vong_doi_LCC\" >7) Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 vs chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (LCC)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#8_Ung_dung_dien_hinh_tai_Viet_Nam\" >8) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#9_Cach_phan_biet_nhanh_ngoai_cong_truong\" >9) C\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nhanh ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#10_Bang_chon_nhanh_theo_moi_truong_yeu_cau\" >10) B\u1ea3ng ch\u1ecdn nhanh theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng &#038; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#11_Luu_y_an_mon_dien_hoa_khi_ket_hop_vat_lieu\" >11) L\u01b0u \u00fd \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#12_Quy_cach_pho_bien_va_nguon_cung_tai_Ha_Noi\" >12) Quy c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#13_Cau_hoi_thuong_gap\" >13) C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#Ket_luan_Chon_dung_vat_lieu_%E2%80%93_toi_uu_tuoi_tho_va_chi_phi\" >K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u2013 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inox-va-thep-thuong-khac-nhau-the-nao-so-sanh-ky-thuat-a-z\/#Nguon_tham_khao\" >Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Noi_dung_chinh\"><\/span>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-1-khai-niem-va-tieu-chuan-co-ban\">1) Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-2-thanh-phan-hoa-hoc-vi-cau-truc\">2) Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc &#038; vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-3-chong-an-mon-su-khac-biet-lon-nhat\">3) Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n: s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-4-co-tinh-va-nhiet-ben-cung-chiu-nhiet\">4) C\u01a1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t: b\u1ec1n \u2013 c\u1ee9ng \u2013 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-5-tinh-chat-vat-ly-dan-nhiet-gian-no-tu-tinh\">5) T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd: d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, gi\u00e3n n\u1edf, t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-6-gia-cong-han-va-hoan-thien-be-mat\">6) Gia c\u00f4ng, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-7-chi-phi-dau-tu-vs-chi-phi-vong-doi-lcc\">7) Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 vs chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (LCC)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-8-ung-dung-dien-hinh-tai-viet-nam\">8) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-9-cach-phan-biet-nhanh-ngoai-cong-truong\">9) C\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nhanh ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-10-bang-chon-nhanh-theo-moi-truong-yeu-cau\">10) B\u1ea3ng ch\u1ecdn nhanh theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng &#038; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-11-luu-y-an-mon-dien-hoa-khi-ket-hop-vat-lieu\">11) L\u01b0u \u00fd \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-11-12-quy-cach-pho-bien-va-nguon-cung-tai-ha-noi\">12) Quy c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-12-13-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\">13) C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-13-ket-luan-chon-dung-vat-lieu-toi-uu-tuoi-tho-va-chi\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u2013 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00fang ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 inox (th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9) v\u00e0 th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf m\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1eeb A\u2013Z: th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, gia c\u00f4ng, chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c l\u00f5i trong nh\u00f3m \u201cN\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9\u201d nh\u01b0ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n tra c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-1-khai-niem-va-tieu-chuan-co-ban\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Khai_niem_va_tieu_chuan_co_ban\"><\/span>1) Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox (th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9): H\u1ecd th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 \u226510,5% Cr v\u00e0 \u22641,2% C, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng Cr2O3 t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t (tham chi\u1ebfu EN 10088, ASTM\/ASME). Nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Austenitic: 304, 316, 201\u2026 (kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ee7, gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ferritic: 409, 430\u2026 (t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u1edf m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Martensitic\/PH: 410, 420, 17-4PH\u2026 (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n\/\u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao).<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng (th\u00e9p carbon\/th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim th\u1ea5p): Th\u00e9p n\u1ec1n Fe-C (C th\u01b0\u1eddng 0,05\u20130,25% v\u1edbi th\u00e9p k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u01b0\u1eddng), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung Mn, Si\u2026 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 Cr\/Ni \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u201ckh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9\u201d. \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i VN: Q235\/SS400 (k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u), Q345, C45 (tr\u1ee5c\/chi ti\u1ebft), \u1ed1ng \u0111en h\u00e0n, th\u00e9p h\u00ecnh I\/H\/U.<\/p>\n<p>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p:<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox: ASTM A240 (t\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n), ASTM A276 (thanh), ASTM A312 (\u1ed1ng h\u00e0n\/\u0111\u00fac), EN 10088; m\u00e1c AISI\/SUS 304, 316, 201, 430\u2026<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng: ASTM A36, JIS SS400, Q235\/Q345 (GB\/T), C45 (JIS S45C), \u1ed1ng h\u00e0n ASTM A53\/A500.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-2-thanh-phan-hoa-hoc-vi-cau-truc\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Thanh_phan_hoa_hoc_vi_cau_truc\"><\/span>2) Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc &#038; vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox austenitic 304: ~18% Cr, ~8% Ni, C \u22640,08% (b\u1ea3n 304L C \u22640,03%) \u2192 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t, d\u1ec5 h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 316: ~16\u201318% Cr, 10\u201314% Ni, 2\u20133% Mo \u2192 kh\u00e1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n clorua cao h\u01a1n 304.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 201: ~16\u201318% Cr, Ni gi\u1ea3m (3,5\u20135,5%) b\u00f9 b\u1eb1ng Mn\/N \u2192 gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9m b\u1ec1n clorua h\u01a1n 304.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ferritic 430: ~16\u201318% Cr, kh\u00f4ng Ni \u2192 kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, t\u1eeb t\u00ednh.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng: ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu Fe + C (0,05\u20130,25% v\u1edbi k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u), Mn (~0,5\u20131,5%), Si (0,1\u20130,35%); kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 inox.<\/p>\n<p>Vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t:<br \/>\n&#8211; Austenitic: b\u1ec1n va \u0111\u1eadp t\u1ed1t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ferritic\/martensitic: t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, martensitic c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i ram \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e9p carbon: d\u1ec5 h\u00e0n\/gia c\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng d\u1ec5 r\u1ec9 do oxy h\u00f3a s\u1eaft.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-3-chong-an-mon-su-khac-biet-lon-nhat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Chong_an_mon_su_khac_biet_lon_nhat\"><\/span>3) Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n: s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf inox: L\u1edbp Cr2O3 m\u1ecfng, k\u00edn, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o khi tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ebfu c\u00f2n oxy. Molybden (Mo) trong 316 t\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7\/pitting do ion Cl-.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng: Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng; h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh g\u1ec9 n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf (Fe2O3\u00b7nH2O). C\u1ea7n s\u01a1n\/m\u1ea1 (k\u1ebdm nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng, m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n, s\u01a1n gi\u00e0u k\u1ebdm) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 g\u1ee3i \u00fd: PREN \u2248 %Cr + 3,3\u00d7%Mo + 16\u00d7%N. 316 c\u00f3 PREN cao h\u01a1n 304 \u2192 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng mu\u1ed1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; So s\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m trong nh\u00e0: th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng n\u1ebfu s\u01a1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7; inox 201\/430 \u0111\u1ee7 cho trang tr\u00ed kh\u00f4.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb: 304 cho lan can\/m\u00e1i che; th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 s\u01a1n\/m\u1ea1 t\u1ed1t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i clorua: 316\/316L khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb; th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm c\u0169ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a nhanh h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m\/h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9: 304\/316 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd: Inox v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u201c\u1ed1 tr\u00e0\u201d (tea staining) ho\u1eb7c r\u1ed7 n\u1ebfu ch\u1ecdn sai m\u00e1c\/b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c v\u1ec7 sinh k\u00e9m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t 201\/430 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u1ea9m m\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-4-co-tinh-va-nhiet-ben-cung-chiu-nhiet\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Co_tinh_va_nhiet_ben_%E2%80%93_cung_%E2%80%93_chiu_nhiet\"><\/span>4) C\u01a1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t: b\u1ec1n \u2013 c\u1ee9ng \u2013 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; B\u1ec1n k\u00e9o\/yield (gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, tham kh\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n):<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304\/304L: UTS ~515\u2013620 MPa; Yield ~205\u2013240 MPa.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316\/316L: UTS ~515\u2013620 MPa; Yield ~205 MPa.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 430: UTS ~450\u2013600 MPa; Yield ~205\u2013275 MPa.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Q235\/SS400: UTS ~370\u2013500 MPa; Yield ~235 MPa.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Q345: Yield ~345 MPa; UTS ~470\u2013630 MPa.<br \/>\n  &#8211; C45 (\u1ee7\/chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a): UTS ~570\u2013700 MPa; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea1t HRC >50.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304 \u1ee7: ~HRB 70\u201390 (l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng s\u1ebd c\u1ee9ng t\u0103ng nhanh).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Th\u00e9p carbon trung b\u00ecnh (C45) sau t\u00f4i ram: HRC 20\u201360 t\u00f9y ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Oxy h\u00f3a kh\u00f4: inox austenitic ch\u1ecbu ~800\u2013870\u00b0C t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ebfn ~400\u00b0C cho k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u; ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a k\u00e9m n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-5-tinh-chat-vat-ly-dan-nhiet-gian-no-tu-tinh\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Tinh_chat_vat_ly_dan_nhiet_gian_no_tu_tinh\"><\/span>5) T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd: d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, gi\u00e3n n\u1edf, t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng: Inox ~7,9 g\/cm\u00b3; th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng ~7,85 g\/cm\u00b3 (g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng).<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (\u1edf ~100\u00b0C):<br \/>\n  &#8211; Inox austenitic: ~14\u201316 W\/m\u00b7K (th\u1ea5p \u2192 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Th\u00e9p carbon: ~45\u201360 W\/m\u00b7K (cao h\u01a1n \u2192 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n).<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304\/316: ~16\u201317,5 \u00b5m\/m\u00b7K (cao h\u01a1n).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Th\u00e9p carbon: ~11\u201313 \u00b5m\/m\u00b7K (th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Inox austenitic: ~0,72\u20130,75 \u00b5\u03a9\u00b7m (\u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1eabn k\u00e9m).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Th\u00e9p carbon: ~0,10\u20130,20 \u00b5\u03a9\u00b7m (d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n inox).<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1eeb t\u00ednh:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304\/316 \u1ee7: g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh; sau gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i h\u00fat.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 430, 410 v\u00e0 th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng: t\u1eeb t\u00ednh r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-6-gia-cong-han-va-hoan-thien-be-mat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Gia_cong_han_va_hoan_thien_be_mat\"><\/span>6) Gia c\u00f4ng, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Han\"><\/span>H\u00e0n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng: D\u1ec5 h\u00e0n v\u1edbi SMAW\/MIG\/MAG; \u00edt y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00ed tr\u01a1; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 304\/316: H\u00e0n t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi MIG\/TIG; n\u00ean d\u00f9ng que\/d\u00e2y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng (308L cho 304, 316L cho 316). C\u1ea7n:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Che m\u1eb7t sau (back purging) b\u1eb1ng argon khi h\u00e0n \u1ed1ng\/b\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh oxy h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u00f9ng m\u00e1c \u201cL\u201d (th\u1ea5p C) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a (sensitization) 450\u2013850\u00b0C g\u00e2y \u0103n m\u00f2n li\u00ean h\u1ea1t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; T\u1ea9y m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng paste\/gel pickling v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng (passivation) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i m\u00e0ng Cr2O3.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gia_cong_co\"><\/span>Gia c\u00f4ng c\u01a1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Inox austenitic l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng ngu\u1ed9i m\u1ea1nh \u2192 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eaft th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, dao s\u1eafc, dung d\u1ecbch tr\u01a1n ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7; khoan\/taro c\u1ea7n m\u0169i chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng cobalt\/carbide.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng gia c\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n, chi ph\u00ed dao c\u1ee5 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hoan_thien_be_mat\"><\/span>Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Inox: 2B, BA (b\u00f3ng \u1ee7), No.4\/HL (x\u01b0\u1edbc), No.8 (g\u01b0\u01a1ng). B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ecbn gi\u00fap ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi (khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb No.4 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ecbn h\u01a1n).<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng: b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111en c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng, c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i; c\u1ea7n s\u01a1n\/m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-7-chi-phi-dau-tu-vs-chi-phi-vong-doi-lcc\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Chi_phi_dau_tu_vs_chi_phi_vong_doi_LCC\"><\/span>7) Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 vs chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (LCC)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ban \u0111\u1ea7u (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng):<br \/>\n  &#8211; Inox 304: ~2,5\u20134 l\u1ea7n th\u00e9p carbon kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea1.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Inox 316: ~1,3\u20131,6 l\u1ea7n 304.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Inox 201\/430: th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 304; 201 th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t trong nh\u00f3m inox.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng: cao h\u01a1n th\u00e9p \u0111en nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n 304.<br \/>\n&#8211; Chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Inox: \u00cdt\/b\u1ecf chi ph\u00ed s\u01a1n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao, gi\u1ea3m d\u1eebng m\u00e1y.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng: C\u1ea7n s\u01a1n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 3\u20135 n\u0103m (t\u00f9y m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng), nguy c\u01a1 thay th\u1ebf do r\u1ec9.<br \/>\n&#8211; V\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t: Lan can ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ven bi\u1ec3n 10 n\u0103m<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm + s\u01a1n: s\u01a1n l\u1ea1i 2\u20133 l\u1ea7n, nguy c\u01a1 r\u1ed7\/m\u00f3p do r\u1ec9 \u2192 t\u1ed5ng LCC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t inox 316 ngay t\u1eeb chu k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 hai.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n inox 316 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n No.4\/BA: \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cao h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u201cl\u1eafp v\u00e0 qu\u00ean\u201d v\u1edbi v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-8-ung-dung-dien-hinh-tai-viet-nam\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_Ung_dung_dien_hinh_tai_Viet_Nam\"><\/span>8) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox 304: b\u1ed3n\/b\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, lan can\/ma\u0323i che \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 316: thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ven bi\u1ec3n, h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i clorua, ng\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1ee3c, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9, h\u1ec7 RO\/DI, \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 201: n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 trong nh\u00e0, h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c trang tr\u00ed \u00edt ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u1ea9m mu\u1ed1i (c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9 khi d\u00f9ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi).<br \/>\n&#8211; Inox 430: thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng, \u1ed1p trang tr\u00ed trong nh\u00e0, khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng (Q235\/SS400): k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng, khung m\u00e1y, d\u1ea7m, s\u00e0n grating s\u01a1n\/m\u1ea1, \u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm: c\u1ed9t, h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o, m\u00e1ng c\u00e1p, \u1ed1ng gi\u00f3 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-9-cach-phan-biet-nhanh-ngoai-cong-truong\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_Cach_phan_biet_nhanh_ngoai_cong_truong\"><\/span>9) C\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nhanh ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Nam ch\u00e2m:<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u00fat m\u1ea1nh: th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng, inox 430\/410.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Kh\u00f4ng\/\u00edt h\u00fat: inox 304\/316 (nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i h\u00fat sau c\u00e1n\/gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i). L\u01b0u \u00fd: 201 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i h\u00fat.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00e0u g\u1ec9 sau v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi:<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110\u1ecf n\u00e2u: th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng.<br \/>\n  &#8211; N\u00e2u v\u00e0ng nh\u1eb9\/\u1ed1: inox ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u00f4 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea5u.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tia l\u1eeda khi m\u00e0i:<br \/>\n  &#8211; Th\u00e9p carbon: tia s\u00e1ng, ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec1u.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Inox austenitic: tia \u00edt, ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\/thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb:<br \/>\n  &#8211; D\u00f9ng m\u00e1y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch XRF l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Th\u1eed axit nh\u1eb9 (theo quy tr\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-10-bang-chon-nhanh-theo-moi-truong-yeu-cau\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_Bang_chon_nhanh_theo_moi_truong_yeu_cau\"><\/span>10) B\u1ea3ng ch\u1ecdn nhanh theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng &#038; y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Trong nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4, trang tr\u00ed: inox 201\/430 ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u01a1n (t\u00f9y th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 \u2013 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch).<br \/>\n&#8211; Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb: inox 304 ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm + s\u01a1n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ven bi\u1ec3n\/h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i mu\u1ed1i: inox 316\/316L l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn an to\u00e0n.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m\/d\u01b0\u1ee3c: inox 304\/316 t\u00f9y m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, \u01b0u ti\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ecbn (BA\/No.4) v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf: th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng (Q235\/Q345) v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nhi\u1ec7t cao, oxy h\u00f3a: inox austenitic ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-11-luu-y-an-mon-dien-hoa-khi-ket-hop-vat-lieu\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11_Luu_y_an_mon_dien_hoa_khi_ket_hop_vat_lieu\"><\/span>11) L\u01b0u \u00fd \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u00e1nh gh\u00e9p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp inox v\u1edbi th\u00e9p carbon\/m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m\/mu\u1ed1i (pin \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a).<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n (nylon\/PTFE), s\u01a1n c\u00e1ch ly, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecdn c\u00f9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho bul\u00f4ng\/\u0111ai \u1ed1c.<br \/>\n&#8211; Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00e1nh khe k\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecdng mu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-11-12-quy-cach-pho-bien-va-nguon-cung-tai-ha-noi\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12_Quy_cach_pho_bien_va_nguon_cung_tai_Ha_Noi\"><\/span>12) Quy c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox t\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n 201\/304\/316: d\u00e0y 0,5\u20136,0 mm; kh\u1ed5 1000\/1219\/1500 mm; b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t 2B, BA, HL\/No.4, g\u01b0\u01a1ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u1ed0ng inox h\u00e0n: phi 9,5\u2013114 mm; d\u00e0y 0,6\u20133,0 mm (trang tr\u00ed \u2013 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p).<br \/>\n&#8211; Thanh\/La\/V: \u0111a quy c\u00e1ch cho c\u01a1 kh\u00ed \u2013 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u nh\u1eb9.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e9p t\u1ea5m c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng 3\u201350 mm; th\u00e9p h\u00ecnh I\/H\/U; \u1ed1ng \u0111en\/\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9: CO\/CQ, test m\u00e1c, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u pickling &#038; passivation cho b\u1ed3n\/\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p>Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c \u2013 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u2013 quy c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u1eaft x\u1ea3 theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-12-13-cau-hoi-thuong-gap\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"13_Cau_hoi_thuong_gap\"><\/span>13) C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Inox c\u00f3 r\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 th\u1ec3. 201\/430 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u1ea9m m\u1eb7n d\u1ec5 \u1ed1\/r\u1ed7; 304 c\u0169ng \u1ed1 n\u1ebfu b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u00f4 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec7 sinh; 316 kh\u00e1ng mu\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; 201 thay 304 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? Ch\u1ec9 cho n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 trong nh\u00e0. Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\/h\u01a1i mu\u1ed1i\/ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda clorua: n\u00ean d\u00f9ng 304 ho\u1eb7c 316.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304 c\u00f3 h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng? Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ee7: h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng. Sau c\u00e1n\/gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i h\u00fat.<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng inox kh\u00f4ng? M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 hy sinh t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c l\u1edbp k\u1ebdm v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng; inox c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 t\u00ednh v\u1ec7 sinh v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u01a1n l\u1ea1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1ea1i sao d\u00f9ng 316 cho h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i\/bi\u1ec3n? Mo 2\u20133% t\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 clorua \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi 304.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-13-ket-luan-chon-dung-vat-lieu-toi-uu-tuoi-tho-va-chi\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ket_luan_Chon_dung_vat_lieu_%E2%80%93_toi_uu_tuoi_tho_va_chi_phi\"><\/span>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u2013 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: inox c\u00f3 l\u1edbp th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng Cr2O3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n; th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u01a1n\/m\u1ea1.<br \/>\n&#8211; Khi \u01b0u ti\u00ean b\u1ec1n g\u1ec9, v\u1ec7 sinh, th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, \u00edt b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec: ch\u1ecdn inox (304 cho \u0111a d\u1ee5ng, 316 cho mu\u1ed1i\/ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n).<br \/>\n&#8211; Khi \u01b0u ti\u00ean ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c \u2013 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p \u2013 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec: ch\u1ecdn th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng (k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee7\/m\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng, quy tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, quy c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n&#8211; Hotline: 0343.417.281<br \/>\n&#8211; Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nguon_tham_khao\"><\/span>Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; ASTM A240\/A276\/A312 \u2013 Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 t\u1ea5m\/thanh\/\u1ed1ng; ASTM A36\/A53 \u2013 Th\u00e9p carbon.<br \/>\n&#8211; EN 10088 \u2013 Stainless steels (th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng).<br \/>\n&#8211; World Stainless (tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ISSF) \u2013 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng inox.<br \/>\n&#8211; SSINA\/AK Steel\/Outokumpu Datasheets \u2013 T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t 304\/316\/430.<br \/>\n&#8211; World Steel Association, ASM Handbook \u2013 T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u00e9p carbon v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>So s\u00e1nh inox v\u00e0 th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng: th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh, \u0103n m\u00f2n, gia c\u00f4ng, chi ph\u00ed v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi. K\u00e8m b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ecdn nhanh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1061,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2504","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2504","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2504"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2504\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1061"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2504"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2504"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2504"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}