{"id":2540,"date":"2026-09-07T00:33:34","date_gmt":"2026-09-06T17:33:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/"},"modified":"2026-09-07T00:33:34","modified_gmt":"2026-09-06T17:33:34","slug":"cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Inox 201, 304, 316, 430 b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft v\u00e0 th\u1eed nhanh"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-left kksr-valign-top\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2540&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;0\\\/5 - (0 b\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;C\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Inox 201, 304, 316, 430 b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft v\u00e0 th\u1eed nhanh&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n       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0px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            <span class=\"kksr-muted\">\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"custom-toc\">\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Noi_dung_chinh\" >N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Tom_tat_nhanh_Quy_trinh_nhan_dang_5_buoc_tai_hien_truong\" >T\u00f3m t\u1eaft nhanh: Quy tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Nhan_biet_bang_mat_thuong_nhung_gi_ban_thay_duoc_va_khong_nen_qua_tin\" >Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng: nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean qu\u00e1 tin)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Dau_mac_tem_cuon_khac_laser\" >D\u1ea5u m\u00e1c, tem cu\u1ed9n, kh\u1eafc laser<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Mau_sac_va_hoan_thien_be_mat\" >M\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Dau_hieu_an_mon_thuc_dia\" >D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u0103n m\u00f2n th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Cac_thu_nghiem_co_ban_khong_can_hoa_chat\" >C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#1_Nam_cham_nhanh_re_nhung_co_%E2%80%9Cbay%E2%80%9D\" >1) Nam ch\u00e2m: nhanh, r\u1ebb nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u201cb\u1eaby\u201d<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#2_Tia_lua_bang_may_mai_spark_test\" >2) Tia l\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y m\u00e0i (spark test)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#3_Kiem_tra_khoi_luongdo_day\" >3) Ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/\u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Cac_thu_nghiem_hoa_hoc_don_gian_chi_phi_thap\" >C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#1_Thuoc_thu_Mo-spot_de_tach_304316\" >1) Thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed Mo-spot \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch 304\/316<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#2_Dong_sunfat_CuSO%E2%82%84_de_loai_tru_thep_thuongma\" >2) \u0110\u1ed3ng sunfat (CuSO\u2084) \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng\/m\u1ea1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#3_Nuoc_muoi_5_gia_toc_an_mon_201_vs_304_vs_316\" >3) N\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i 5% gia t\u1ed1c \u0103n m\u00f2n 201 vs 304 vs 316<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#4_Ferric_chloride_FeCl%E2%82%83_%E2%80%93_chi_dung_khi_co_dieu_kien\" >4) Ferric chloride (FeCl\u2083) \u2013 ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng khi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Cay_quyet_dinh_nhan_dang_201%E2%80%93304%E2%80%93316%E2%80%93430%E2%80%93410\" >C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng 201\u2013304\u2013316\u2013430\u2013410<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Vi_du_thuc_te_theo_dang_san_pham\" >V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf theo d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Onghop_trang_tri_noi_that\" >\u1ed0ng\/h\u1ed9p trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Tam_can_nguoican_nong\" >T\u1ea5m c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i\/c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Bu_longoc_vit\" >Bu l\u00f4ng\/\u1ed1c v\u00edt<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Sai_lam_pho_bien_va_cach_tranh\" >Sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Goi_y_ket_hop_thu_nghiem_theo_muc_tieu\" >G\u1ee3i \u00fd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m theo m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#So_sanh_nhanh_cac_mac_thong_dung_diem_nho\" >So s\u00e1nh nhanh c\u00e1c m\u00e1c th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng (\u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1edb)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Tai_lieu_tham_khao\" >T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/cach-phan-biet-inox-201-304-316-430-bang-mat-va-thu-nhanh\/#Ket_luan\" >K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Noi_dung_chinh\"><\/span>N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-0-tom-tat-nhanh-quy-trinh-nhan-dang-5-buoc-tai-hien-\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft nhanh: Quy tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-1-nhan-biet-bang-mat-thuong-nhung-gi-ban-thay-duoc-v\">Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng: nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean qu\u00e1 tin)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-2-cac-thu-nghiem-co-ban-khong-can-hoa-chat\">C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-3-cac-thu-nghiem-hoa-hoc-don-gian-chi-phi-thap\">C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-4-cay-quyet-dinh-nhan-dang-201304316430410\">C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng 201\u2013304\u2013316\u2013430\u2013410<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-5-vi-du-thuc-te-theo-dang-san-pham\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf theo d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-6-sai-lam-pho-bien-va-cach-tranh\">Sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-7-goi-y-ket-hop-thu-nghiem-theo-muc-tieu\">G\u1ee3i \u00fd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m theo m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-8-so-sanh-nhanh-cac-mac-thong-dung-diem-nho\">So s\u00e1nh nhanh c\u00e1c m\u00e1c th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng (\u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1edb)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-9-tai-lieu-tham-khao\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#toc-10-ket-luan\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nhanh c\u00e1c m\u00e1c inox ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn (201, 304, 316, 430, 410) t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, th\u1ea7u c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n, x\u01b0\u1edfng gia c\u00f4ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p quy tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai ngay t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng\/ c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 ra gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ph\u00e9p th\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh gh\u00e9p thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c trong b\u1ee9c tranh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u00e1c inox ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ngay.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-0-tom-tat-nhanh-quy-trinh-nhan-dang-5-buoc-tai-hien-\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tom_tat_nhanh_Quy_trinh_nhan_dang_5_buoc_tai_hien_truong\"><\/span>T\u00f3m t\u1eaft nhanh: Quy tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; B\u01b0\u1edbc 1 \u2013 Ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1ea5u m\u00e1c: T\u00ecm in\/kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean m\u00e9p t\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n\/\u1ed1ng (VD: \u201cASTM A240 304\/304L\u201d, \u201c201\u201d, \u201c316L\u201d, \u201c430\u201d).<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u01b0\u1edbc 2 \u2013 Th\u1eed nam ch\u00e2m: Ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh 3xx (\u00edt\/kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat) v\u00e0 4xx (h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh). L\u01b0u \u00fd m\u00e9p u\u1ed1n, v\u00f9ng h\u00e0n 3xx c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00fat nh\u1eb9.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u01b0\u1edbc 3 \u2013 Quan s\u00e1t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n No.1, 2B, BA, HL; \u0111\u1ed9 \u201ctr\u1eafng\/ghi\u201d c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m; d\u1ea5u g\u1ec9 s\u1edbm \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m\/bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u01b0\u1edbc 4 \u2013 Th\u1eed nhanh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p: tia l\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y m\u00e0i, n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i 5%, gi\u1ecdt thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed Mo (ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 304\/316), CuSO4 (lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1).<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u01b0\u1edbc 5 \u2013 K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn theo c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh; v\u1edbi h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c quan tr\u1ecdng, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng PMI\/XRF v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 MTC.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-1-nhan-biet-bang-mat-thuong-nhung-gi-ban-thay-duoc-v\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhan_biet_bang_mat_thuong_nhung_gi_ban_thay_duoc_va_khong_nen_qua_tin\"><\/span>Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng: nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean qu\u00e1 tin)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dau_mac_tem_cuon_khac_laser\"><\/span>D\u1ea5u m\u00e1c, tem cu\u1ed9n, kh\u1eafc laser<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea5m\/cu\u1ed9n theo ASTM A240 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 in m\u00e9p: nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, chu\u1ea9n, m\u00e1c (201\/304\/316L\/430), s\u1ed1 heat. \u1ed0ng trang tr\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc laser m\u00e1c \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e2y.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u m\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a \u201ckh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i inox\u201d, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eaft l\u1ebb.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mau_sac_va_hoan_thien_be_mat\"><\/span>M\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; No.1 (c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng, t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9): x\u00e1m m\u1edd, th\u00f4. 2B (c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i): x\u00e1m s\u00e1ng, m\u1ecbn. BA (\u1ee7 s\u00e1ng): g\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u00f3ng s\u00e2u. HL\/No.4: s\u1ecdc ch\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u.<br \/>\n&#8211; 201 th\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u201cghi\u201d t\u1ed1i h\u01a1n 304\/316 \u1edf c\u00f9ng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n; 430 h\u01a1i \u201cx\u00e1m n\u00e2u\u201d. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u00ec \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, m\u1ebb t\u1ea9y, l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 PVC.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dau_hieu_an_mon_thuc_dia\"><\/span>D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u0103n m\u00f2n th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u1ea9m (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i), n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m: 201 d\u1ec5 \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng, g\u1ec9 ch\u00e2n ren\/ m\u00e9p c\u1eaft sau v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n\u2013v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng; 304 \u00edt h\u01a1n; 316 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 s\u1ea1ch.<br \/>\n&#8211; 430\/410 d\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 \u1ed5n, nh\u01b0ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed1m g\u1ec9 n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf quanh m\u1ed1i l\u1eafp.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-2-cac-thu-nghiem-co-ban-khong-can-hoa-chat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_thu_nghiem_co_ban_khong_can_hoa_chat\"><\/span>C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Nam_cham_nhanh_re_nhung_co_%E2%80%9Cbay%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>1) Nam ch\u00e2m: nhanh, r\u1ebb nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u201cb\u1eaby\u201d<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; 3xx (201\/304\/316) b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t Austenitic: g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh khi \u1ee7 chu\u1ea9n; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 H\u00daT NH\u1eb8 \u1edf v\u00f9ng u\u1ed1n\/h\u00e0n do bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng t\u1ea1o martensite, 201 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00fat nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n 304, 316 h\u00fat nh\u1eb9 nh\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n&#8211; 4xx (430 Ferritic, 410 Martensitic): h\u00fat M\u1ea0NH, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn an to\u00e0n: h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh \u2192 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cao 4xx; kh\u00f4ng\/\u00edt h\u00fat \u2192 3xx, c\u1ea7n th\u00eam th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch 201\/304\/316. (Ngu\u1ed3n: Nickel Institute; BSSA)<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Tia_lua_bang_may_mai_spark_test\"><\/span>2) Tia l\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y m\u00e0i (spark test)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m: d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1 m\u00e0i ch\u1ea1m nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0o m\u1eabu s\u1ea1ch, quan s\u00e1t tia trong n\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; 3xx: r\u1ea5t \u00edt tia, m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf-cam, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u201cn\u1edf hoa\u201d.<br \/>\n&#8211; 430: tia \u00edt\u2013trung b\u00ecnh, v\u00e0ng-cam, \u00edt \u201cn\u1edf\u201d.<br \/>\n&#8211; 410 (h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C cao h\u01a1n): tia nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 430, c\u00f3 nh\u00e1nh nh\u1ecf.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u00e9p carbon: tia s\u00e1ng tr\u1eafng, nhi\u1ec1u \u201cb\u00f4ng l\u1eeda\u201d n\u1edf tung.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 410\/430 s\u01a1 b\u1ed9. (Ngu\u1ed3n: ASM Handbook)<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Kiem_tra_khoi_luongdo_day\"><\/span>3) Ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/\u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng tham kh\u1ea3o: 201 \u2248 7.9; 304\/316 \u2248 8.0; 430 \u2248 7.7 g\/cm\u00b3. 430 th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n ~3\u20134% so v\u1edbi 304 c\u00f9ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u1ef1c, so dung sai (ASTM A480\/A484). Kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng \u201cm\u1ecfng c\u1eef\u201d.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-3-cac-thu-nghiem-hoa-hoc-don-gian-chi-phi-thap\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_thu_nghiem_hoa_hoc_don_gian_chi_phi_thap\"><\/span>C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd an to\u00e0n: \u0111eo g\u0103ng\/n\u00f3n k\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t, trung h\u00f2a sau th\u1eed (NaHCO\u2083), thu gom dung d\u1ecbch theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Thuoc_thu_Mo-spot_de_tach_304316\"><\/span>1) Thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed Mo-spot \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch 304\/316<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau: ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n Molypden (Mo) \u2013 316\/316L c\u00f3 Mo, 304\/201 kh\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m: l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed7 th\u1eed, nh\u1ecf 1 gi\u1ecdt thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed Mo (dung d\u1ecbch thiocyanate theo b\u1ed9 kit th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 \u201cMolyDrop\u201d). Sau 1\u20133 ph\u00fat:<br \/>\n  &#8211; \u0110\u1ed5i M\u00c0U \u0110\u1ece: c\u00f3 Mo \u2192 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng 316\/316L.<br \/>\n  &#8211; KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u: 304\/201 (ho\u1eb7c 4xx).<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba cao khi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ea1ch. (Ngu\u1ed3n: Nickel Institute; BSSA)<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Dong_sunfat_CuSO%E2%82%84_de_loai_tru_thep_thuongma\"><\/span>2) \u0110\u1ed3ng sunfat (CuSO\u2084) \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng\/m\u1ea1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Dung d\u1ecbch CuSO\u2084 c\u00f3 axit nh\u1eb9 b\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00ean th\u00e9p carbon, nh\u01b0ng KH\u00d4NG b\u00e1m tr\u00ean inox s\u1ea1ch\/th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng: ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t inox th\u1eadt v\u1edbi th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1 Niken\/Cr trang tr\u00ed. Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch 201\/304\/316. (Ngu\u1ed3n: ASTM A967, A380)<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Nuoc_muoi_5_gia_toc_an_mon_201_vs_304_vs_316\"><\/span>3) N\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i 5% gia t\u1ed1c \u0103n m\u00f2n 201 vs 304 vs 316<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Nh\u1ecf\/treo gi\u1ecdt NaCl 5% tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1ec3 24\u201372 gi\u1edd \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m:<br \/>\n  &#8211; 201: d\u1ec5 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1m g\u1ec9 n\u00e2u nh\u1ecf\/vi\u1ec1n gi\u1ecdt sau 24\u201348h.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 304: \u00edt\/kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1m trong 72h; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ed1 nh\u1eb9.<br \/>\n  &#8211; 316: h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng thay cho th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m phun mu\u1ed1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng. (Tham chi\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean l\u00fd pitting resistance number \u2013 PRN)<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Ferric_chloride_FeCl%E2%82%83_%E2%80%93_chi_dung_khi_co_dieu_kien\"><\/span>4) Ferric chloride (FeCl\u2083) \u2013 ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng khi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Dung d\u1ecbch FeCl\u2083 (theo ASTM G48) t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1nh 304, \u00edt h\u01a1n v\u1edbi 316 (do Mo). D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn nghi v\u1ea5n 304 vs 316.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u0103n m\u00f2n \u2013 ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m\/\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-4-cay-quyet-dinh-nhan-dang-201304316430410\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cay_quyet_dinh_nhan_dang_201%E2%80%93304%E2%80%93316%E2%80%93430%E2%80%93410\"><\/span>C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng 201\u2013304\u2013316\u2013430\u2013410<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; B1: Th\u1eed nam ch\u00e2m \u1edf v\u00f9ng ph\u1eb3ng, xa m\u00e9p u\u1ed1n\/h\u00e0n.<br \/>\n  &#8211; H\u00fat M\u1ea0NH, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u2192 sang B2 (nh\u00e1nh 4xx).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Kh\u00f4ng\/\u00edt h\u00fat \u2192 sang B3 (nh\u00e1nh 3xx).<br \/>\n&#8211; B2 (4xx):<br \/>\n  &#8211; Spark test tia v\u1eeba, \u00edt \u201cn\u1edf\u201d, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 trung b\u00ecnh \u2192 430 (Ferritic).<br \/>\n  &#8211; Spark test tia nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 nh\u00e1nh; chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i \u2192 410 (Martensitic).<br \/>\n&#8211; B3 (3xx):<br \/>\n  &#8211; Mo-spot \u0110\u1ece \u2192 316\/316L.<br \/>\n  &#8211; Mo-spot KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u1ecf \u2192 201\/304: l\u00e0m th\u00eam th\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i 5% 24\u201372h:<br \/>\n    &#8211; Xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1m g\u1ec9 s\u1edbm \u2192 201.<br \/>\n    &#8211; Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u2192 304\/304L.<br \/>\n&#8211; Lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu d\u1ea5u m\u00e1c\/tem, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-5-vi-du-thuc-te-theo-dang-san-pham\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi_du_thuc_te_theo_dang_san_pham\"><\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf theo d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Onghop_trang_tri_noi_that\"><\/span>\u1ed0ng\/h\u1ed9p trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; H\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng trong nh\u00e0: th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 201\/430; 201 \u00edt t\u1eeb t\u00ednh h\u01a1n 430, s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n khi b\u00f3ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng. D\u00f9ng nam ch\u00e2m lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb 430; test n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 201\/304.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ef1 \u00e1n ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t, bi\u1ec3n: \u01b0u ti\u00ean 304\/316; d\u00f9ng Mo-spot \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn 316.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tam_can_nguoican_nong\"><\/span>T\u1ea5m c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i\/c\u00e1n n\u00f3ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea5m 2B d\u00f9ng b\u1ed3n, b\u00e0n: \u0111a s\u1ed1 304; 201 d\u1ec5 \u201c\u1ed1 v\u00e0ng\u201d khi \u0111\u1ec3 kho \u1ea9m. T\u1ea5m No.1 d\u00e0y: ki\u1ec3m d\u1ea5u m\u00e1c m\u00e9p t\u1ea5m, nam ch\u00e2m lo\u1ea1i 430 d\u00e0y.<br \/>\n&#8211; C\u00e2n t\u1ea5m chu\u1ea9n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd 430 (nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n), nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bu_longoc_vit\"><\/span>Bu l\u00f4ng\/\u1ed1c v\u00edt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Bu l\u00f4ng \u201cinox\u201d r\u1ebb: nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 410 (t\u1eeb t\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m g\u1ec9); inox A2 ~ 304 (\u00edt t\u1eeb), A4 ~ 316 (\u00edt t\u1eeb + Mo-spot d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh).<br \/>\n&#8211; M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ven bi\u1ec3n: \u01b0u ti\u00ean A4 (316), ki\u1ec3m b\u1eb1ng Mo-spot tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean gi\u00e0n gi\u00e1o\/lan can.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-6-sai-lam-pho-bien-va-cach-tranh\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sai_lam_pho_bien_va_cach_tranh\"><\/span>Sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; \u201cKh\u00f4ng h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m = 304\/316\u201d: sai. 201 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat; 304 sau u\u1ed1n\/h\u00e0n l\u1ea1i H\u00daT NH\u1eb8.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn m\u00e0u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u00e1c: d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea7m 201 b\u00f3ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 304 BA.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o g\u1ec9 mu\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1n 304: \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1ea9m, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0m k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u00f9ng CuSO\u2084 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch 304\/316: kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi, ch\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng.<br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ecf qua v\u1ec7 sinh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1eed: d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 l\u00e0m sai k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 Mo-spot v\u00e0 th\u1eed mu\u1ed1i.<br \/>\n&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u MTC\/PMI cho h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c quan tr\u1ecdng: r\u1ee7i ro l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-7-goi-y-ket-hop-thu-nghiem-theo-muc-tieu\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Goi_y_ket_hop_thu_nghiem_theo_muc_tieu\"><\/span>G\u1ee3i \u00fd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m theo m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Ki\u1ec3m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o nhanh: Nam ch\u00e2m + ki\u1ec3m d\u1ea5u m\u00e1c + spark test lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng\/430.<br \/>\n&#8211; Ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch 304\/316 cho h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\/ven bi\u1ec3n: Mo-spot + th\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<br \/>\n&#8211; D\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cao (F&#038;B, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, t\u00e0u bi\u1ec3n): x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn PMI\/XRF + \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu MTC theo ASTM A240\/A312.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-8-so-sanh-nhanh-cac-mac-thong-dung-diem-nho\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_sanh_nhanh_cac_mac_thong_dung_diem_nho\"><\/span>So s\u00e1nh nhanh c\u00e1c m\u00e1c th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng (\u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1edb)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; 201: r\u1ebb, c\u01a1 t\u00ednh t\u1ed1t, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u1eeba; d\u1ec5 \u1ed1 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi \u1ea9m\/bi\u1ec3n; t\u1eeb t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb9 sau gia c\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; 304\/304L: c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1\u2013b\u1ec1n g\u1ec9; ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho F&#038;B, n\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t; h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh.<br \/>\n&#8211; 316\/316L: c\u00f3 Mo, ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7 pitting v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i trong clorua; d\u00f9ng cho bi\u1ec3n\/h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t; h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh.<br \/>\n&#8211; 430: kinh t\u1ebf, t\u1eeb t\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 trong nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4; kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi\/ven bi\u1ec3n.<br \/>\n&#8211; 410: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng, t\u1eeb t\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh; d\u00f9ng \u1ed1c v\u00edt, dao k\u00e9o; ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 k\u00e9m h\u01a1n 430.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-9-tai-lieu-tham-khao\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tai_lieu_tham_khao\"><\/span>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Nickel Institute \u2013 Magnetic Properties of Stainless Steels; Alloy Identification Guides: https:\/\/nickelinstitute.org<br \/>\n&#8211; British Stainless Steel Association (BSSA) \u2013 Identifying stainless steels; Mo test guidance: https:\/\/bssa.org.uk<br \/>\n&#8211; SSINA \u2013 Stainless Steel Information Center: https:\/\/www.ssina.com<br \/>\n&#8211; Outokumpu Stainless Steel Handbook: https:\/\/www.outokumpu.com<br \/>\n&#8211; ASTM A380\/A967 (th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m\/ th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a inox), ASTM G48 (FeCl\u2083 pitting): https:\/\/www.astm.org<br \/>\n&#8211; ASM Handbook \u2013 Spark Testing overview: https:\/\/www.asminternational.org<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"toc-10-ket-luan\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ket_luan\"><\/span>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p th\u1eed \u201cth\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi m\u00e1c inox. C\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p: nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 chia h\u1ecd 3xx\/4xx, spark test \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n 410\/430, Mo-spot \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch 304\/316, c\u00f9ng th\u1eed mu\u1ed1i 5% \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n 201. Lu\u00f4n ki\u1ec3m d\u1ea5u m\u00e1c, v\u1ec7 sinh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1eed v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng PMI\/XRF ho\u1eb7c MTC cho c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c quan tr\u1ecdng. L\u00e0m \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t tin c\u1eady inox 201, 304, 316, 430, 410 ngay t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng\/c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c inox cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i? Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 Inox C\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ecbnh \u2013 Hotline: 0343.417.281 \u2013 Email: inoxcongnghiep.cuongthinh@gmail.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t inox 201, 304, 316, 430 b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft v\u00e0 th\u1eed nhanh: nam ch\u00e2m, tia l\u1eeda, gi\u1ecdt axit, n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i, d\u1ea5u m\u00e1c. K\u00e8m l\u01b0u \u00fd an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1053,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2540","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2540","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2540"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2540\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media\/1053"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2540"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2540"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inoxcuongthinh.com\/inct\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2540"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}